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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of colloidal silver in the presence of a nonionic surfactant, Surfynol 465 (1996)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 274 (1996), S. 889-893 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Colloidal silver ; nonionic surfactant ; Surfynol 465 ; UV-VIS spectrum ; TEM
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The formation of colloidal silver in the presence of a nonionic surfactant, Surfynol 465, was studied at various temperatures. By simply mixing equal volumes of AgClO4 aq. (1–10 mmol kg−1) and Surfynol 465 aq., the colloidal silver was formed. The colloidal solution had well over ten times the amount of fine silver particles in the solution formed by the ordinary methods. The first factor to form the colloidal silver without aggregation was the molar ratio of Surfynol 465 to AgClO4, and the optimum ratio increased with increasing the concentration of AgClO4 or the temperature. In the fraction of colloidal silver collected through the gel filtration, Surfynol 465 was also found in the micellar state. From these results, it was suggested that Surfynol 465 was a protecting agent of colloidal silver as well as a reducing agent of AgClO4 in the similar manner to the case of colloidal gold.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00654748
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermodynamic properties of dilution of chondroitin 4-sulfate having tetraalkylammonium counterions (1996)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 274 (1996), S. 819-825 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Chondroitin sulfate ; tetraalkylammonium counterion ; dilution enthalpy ; thermodynamic properties ; polyacrylate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The dilution enthalpies,Δ dil H, of tetraalkylammonium chondroitin 4-sulfate (R4NChSA) and polyacrylate (R4NPAA) having methyl (Me), ethyl (Et), propyl (Pr) and butyl (Bu) as alkyl groups (R) were measured to elucidate the effects of hydrophobic counterions. TheΔ dil H of R4NChS-A and R4NPAA were negative (exothermic) and decreased as the carbon number of tetraalkylammonium cation (R4N+) increased. These results were found to possess the same effects onΔ dil H as these of bromides. The non-electrostatic terms of dilution enthalpiesΔ dil H n of R4NChS and R4NPAA were evaluated by using the electrostatic terms ofΔ dil H obtained from Manning's theory. TheΔ dil H n of R4NChS-A and R4NPAA decreased, i.e., their exothermic tendencies increased as the carbon number of R4N+ increased, and the rate of decrease of the R4NPAA was more than that of the R4NChS-A. These results are discussed in relation to the increase of the hydrated water structure around R4N+ on dilution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00654739
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light scattering studies of soluble complexes between hyaluronate and bovine serum albumin (1997)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 106 (1997), S. 252-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Soluble complex ; acid polysaccharide ; bovine serum albumin ; electrophoretic mobility ; dynamic light scattering
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Soluble complexes between sodium hyaluronate (NaHA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were studied by dynamic light scattering DLS and an electrophoretic light scattering ELS. Various amounts of BSA were added to NaHA solution (1.2 μmol dm−3=0.1 w/v%) and their electrical mobilityU were measured underJ=0.001 mol dm−3. Their spectra ofU were found to be one sharp peak in the experimental concentration region (the maximum concentration:C BSA=128 μmol dm−3). The value ofU attained to a constant negative value in the region ofC BSA〉120 μmol dm−3 in which a saturated soluble complex was found to be formed. From the results of viscosity and diffusion coefficients of the mixed solutions, with increasingC BSA the shape of complexes was found to change from a worm-like to random-coil structure. The ratio of BSA to NaHA of the saturated complex was 120 and 18 repeating units bind to one BSA molecule, i.e., 18 carboxylic groups participate in the binding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01189532
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of gelation of alginate around chymotrypsin on reactivities (1997)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 106 (1997), S. 257-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Reactivities of chymotrypsin ; gelation of alginate ; immobilized enzyme ; effects of gelation ; capsule
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract To elucidate adding effects of alginate (Alg) and its gelation on the reactivities of chymotrypsin (Chy), three kinds of Chy-immobilized capsules were prepared by an interfacial condensation, i.e., (a) a capsule containing only Chy in the core (Chy capsule), (b) a capsule containing Chy in NaAlg (Chy capsule(NaAlg)) and (c) a capsule containing Chy in CaAlg gel (Chy capsule(CaAlg)). The coated film was poly(ethylenediamine-terephthaloyl) (PEDT) and NaAlg in the core was gelled in the state adhered tightly to the PEDT film. These Chyimmobilizing capsules were found to be useful for determining the effects of the gelation around Chy. 4-nitrophenyl acetate was used as a substrate. From the rates of efflux of the product (p-nitrophenol), apparent maximum velocitiesv max and the apparent Michaelis constantsK′m were obtained. The values ofv′max showed the maximum at pH=7.8 for all three capsules and were found not to show any pH shift. The magnitude ofv′max was in the following order: Chy capsule (CaAlg) 〉 Chy capsule (NaAlg)-Chy capsule. The adding effects of Alg and its gelation on the reactivities of Chy are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01189533
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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