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Effects of environmental temperature on the development of a noradrenergic thermoregulatory mechanism in the rat (1988)

Young, Andrew A. ; Dawson, Noel J.

Springer

Pflügers Archiv 412 (1988), S. 141-146

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ISSN: 1432-2013

Keywords: Rattus norvegicus ; Ontogenesis ; Thermoregulation ; Critical period ; Colonic temperature ; Anterior hypothalamus ; Noradrenaline

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Abstract Rats reared at 30°C do not exhibit the same thermoregulatory competence during cold exposure as do rats reared at 20° C. They are even more clearly distinguished by the absence of an hypothermic response to intrahypothalamic noradrenaline (IH-NA). In one series of experiments, different groups of rats all received 120 days 30° C-exposure and 20 days 20° C-exposure. The 20° C-exposure occurred at different ages in different treatment groups. At 140 days of age, bilateral IH-NA injections (each 10 μg/1 μl CSF) were administered in conscious rats and the body temperature response observed. An hypothermic response to IH-NA was observed in groups whose exposure to 20° C terminated between 20 and 80 days of age. In a second series of experiments, duration of rearing at 20° C varied but always started at 40 days of age. Responses to IH-NA in 140-day-old adults indicated that the exposure required to induce 50% of the hypothermic response of control (20° C-reared) rats was ∼ 17days. These data suggest that there is an hypothalamic noradrenergic mechanism implicated in the control of body temperature whose development is affected by environmental temperature in a duration-dependent manner. The period during which this effect may be exerted extends into adulthood.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00583743

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Amylin regulation of fuel metabolism (1994)

Young, Andrew A.

New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 55 (1994), S. 12-18

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ISSN: 0730-2312

Keywords: skeletal muscle ; insulin resistance ; muscle glycogen ; lactate ; glucose ; liver ; pancreatic β cells ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine

Notes: The 37-amino acid amylin, co-secreted from the pancreatic β cells with insulin in response to nutrient stimuli has actions in a number of tissues of metabolic interest. In muscle it opposes glycogen synthesis and activates glycogenolysis, an action likely to underly its stimulation of lactate flux. Amylin therefore appears to have the effect of transposing carbon from peripheral stores to the liver, where it is made available for hepatic synthesis of glucose, glycogen, and lipid. While amylin induces insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, it does not oppose insulin action in fat and may therefore favor fuel deposition in this tissue. Amylin acts on the β cell to inhibit insulin secretion. Relative impairment of insulin secretion, muscle insulin resistance, relatively preserved insulin sensitivity in fact, increased lactate turnover, and increased hepatic glucose production are features of insulin resistance and early non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Amylin is elevated in these dysfunctional metabolic states and may be involved in their pathogenesis. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Additional Material: 5 Ill.