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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adsorption, Desorption, and Degradation of Three Pesticides in Different Soils (1996)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 30 (1996), S. 15-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Adsorption, desorption, and degradation of two herbicides (metolachlor and pendimethalin) and a nematicide (cadusafos) were evaluated under laboratory conditions with six soils (ferralsol, regosol, andosol, fluvisol, and two vertisols), selected in a tropical zone (Martinique, French West Indies) and in the Mediterranean area (Languedoc, South of France). Adsorption parameters were calculated using the Freundlich equation, and desorption parameters were evaluated using a 2-compartment model corresponding to two different energy levels. Degradation rate was calculated with a first order equation. Combining values of Koc and half-life in soil, an estimation of the mobility of these pesticides in the soil was made using GUS (ground water ubiquity score). Consideration of pesticide adsorption and resistance to desorption allowed classification of these three compounds according to their mobility: pendimethalin 〈 cadusafos 〈 metolachlor. This classification correlates with some physico-chemical properties of the molecules (water solubility and octanol/water partition coefficient). The equations describing these relations were evaluated. Furthermore, the six soils were classified according to their tendency to adsorb the three pesticides: vertisols 〉 ferralsol 〉 regosol 〉 andosol 〉 fluvisol. Clay or sand content (and cation exchange capacity) of the soils clearly affected adsorption-desorption parameters. The degradation study in the six soils did not show significant differences, but revealed the influence of temperature. GUS values indicated that pendimethalin could be considered as a non-leacher compound, and that cadusafos and metolachlor exhibit a moderate tendency to leaching.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900003
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analytical tokamak equilibrium for shaped plasmas (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 1176-1178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A general analytical solution of the Grad–Shafranov equation is presented. Specific functional forms of pressure and plasma current are used; the solution allows arbitrary plasma size, aspect ratio, elongation, triangularity, current, and poloidal beta, without imposing undue constraints amongst those variables. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871772
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    8.5 cm multipole ion source : Proceedings of 5th international conference on ion sources (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 1216-1218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An 8.5 cm multipole ion source for an MM-2U neutral beam injector has been developed. The source is operated with a discharge current of more than 200 A. The saturation ion current at the plasma grid is 300 mA/cm2. A hydrogen ion current of 9 A has been obtained at an accel. voltage of 25 kV with 50 ms pulse duration. This article describes the experiment apparatus and the experimental results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145010
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dégradation chimique ou microbiologique des sulfonylurées dans le sol. I. Cas du sulfbméturon méthyle (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 32 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: La Vitesse de transformation du sulfométuron méthyle dans un sol, et en solution au même pH, a été mesurée à différentes temperatures. Aussi bien en solution que dans le sol, la relation d'Arrhénius est bien vérifiée dans la gamme de température étudiée 20°C-75°C. L'énergie d'activation calculée est respectivement de 94 kJ mol−1 et de 117 kJ mol−1 dans le sol et en solution. Du fait que la loi d'Arrhénius est vérifiée dans le sol jusqu'à 70°C, un mécanisme de dégradation est proposé: la dégradation chimique. L'analyse des produits formés dans un sol stérile et non stérile a été réalisée a partir du sulfométuron méthyle marqué au 14C sur le cycle pyrimidine. Dans les deux sols le métabolite principal retrouvé est la 2-amino-4,6-diméthyl-pyrimidine. Aucune différence significative n'est mise en évidence entre le sol sterile et non stérile. Chemical or microbial degradation of sulfonylurea herbicides in soil. I. Sulfometuron methyl The rates of degradation of sulfometuron methyl in a soil and in aqueous solution at the same pH were measured at different temperatures. The Arrhenius relationship was verified between 20°C and 75°C. The calculated activation energy in soil and in solution was 94 kJ mol−1 and 117 kJ mol−1, respectively. From the fact that the Arrhenius relationship is followed up to 70°C, it is proposed that the mechanism of degradation in the soil is chemical. Analysis of the metabolites formed in sterile and non-sterile soil was performed using sulfometuron methyl labelled with 14C in the pyrimidine ring. In both soils the main metabolite isolated was 2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine. No significant difference has been observed between sterile and non-sterile soils. Chemischer oder mikrobiologischer Abbau von Sulfonylharnstoffen im Boden. I. Sulfometuronmethyl Die Abbaurate von Sulfometuron-methyl wurde in einem Boden und in wäßriger Lösung mit gleichem pH-Wert bei verschiedenen Temperaturen untersucht. Die Gültigkeit der Arrhenius-Gleichung wurde zwischen 20 und 75°C überprüft, mit Aktiviemngsenergien von 94 oder 117 kJ mol−1 für den Boden bzw. die Lösung. Aus dem linearen Abbau im Boden bis zu 70°C wurde auf chemischen Abbau geschlossen. Bei der Analyse der Abbauprodukte von 14C-Sulfometuron-methyl (markiert am Pyrimidin-Ring) in sterilisiertem und nicht sterilisiertem Boden wurden keine signifikanten Unterschiede festgestellt und hauptsächlich das 2-Amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidin gefunden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1992.tb01856.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymorphisms of the ADAM33 gene are associated with accelerated lung function decline in asthma (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 34 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Asthma is a genetically complex disease characterized by respiratory symptoms, intermittent airway obstruction and airway hyper-responsiveness due to airway inflammation and remodelling. The ADAM33 gene is associated with asthma and airway hyper-responsiveness and is postulated as a gene for airway remodelling.Objective To investigate whether polymorphisms of the ADAM33 gene are associated with accelerated lung function decline in patients with asthma.Methods In a cohort of 200 asthma patients followed over 20 years, eight single nucleotide polymorphisms of the ADAM33 gene were analysed to estimate their effect on annual FEV1 decline.Results The rare allele of the S_2 polymorphism was significantly associated with excess decline in FEV1 (P〈0.05).Conclusion These findings suggest that a variant in ADAM33 is not only important in the development of asthma but also in disease progression, possibly related to enhanced airway remodelling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.1938.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional Studies of the X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy Protein (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 804 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb18694.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Germline mutations and sequence variants of the macrophage scavenger receptor 1 gene are associated with prostate cancer risk (2002)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 32 (2002), S. 321-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Deletions on human chromosome 8p22–23 in prostate cancer cells and linkage studies in families affected with hereditary prostate cancer (HPC) have implicated this region in the development of prostate cancer. The macrophage scavenger receptor 1 gene (MSR1, also known as SR-A) is located at ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng994
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dietary magnesium requirement and physiological responses of marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei reared in low salinity water (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Aquaculture nutrition 11 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2095
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: An 8-week feeding experiment was conducted to determine the dietary magnesium (Mg) requirement and physiological responses of Litopenaeus vannamei in low salinity water of 2 g L−1. Casein–gelatin-based diets supplemented with seven levels of Mg (0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 3.2, 6.4 and 8.0 g kg−1) were fed to juvenile shrimp. Prior to the experiment, the postlarvae were gradually acclimated to the low salinity media and fed with a basal diet (0.5 g Mg kg−1) for 2 weeks. After 8 weeks of feeding, survival ranged from 80.11% to 85.65% with no significant difference among the treatments. Hepatopancreas Mg2+-ATPase and Na+/K+-ATPase activities and muscle content of lipid and protein were not significantly affected by graded levels of Mg. The weight gain and mineral (calcium, potassium, sodium and total phosphorus) content of different tissues were significantly affected by dietary Mg levels, while there were no significant differences in ash and zinc content in tissues. The Mg content in tissues except hepatopancreas was maintained relatively constant regardless of dietary treatments. The dietary Mg requirement for optimal growth was 2.60–3.46 g Mg kg−1 by using the polynomial regression analysis based on growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2005.00364.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human papillomaviruses of the mucosal type are present in some cases of extragenital Bowen's disease (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 152 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  Bowen's disease in the genital area is generally considered to be caused by mucosal high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs). However, the detection rate and spectrum of HPVs in extragenital Bowen's disease are various and it is not clear to what extent HPV is involved in its pathogenesis.Objectives  To assess the degree of association of HPV in extragenital cases by examining detection rates, types, quantities and localization of HPV.Methods  A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) approach that we had previously established, which can give sensitive detection of a broad range of HPVs from cutaneous [including epidermodysplasia verruciformis-related HPVs (EV-HPVs)] to mucosal HPVs, was applied to samples from 41 patients with extragenital Bowen's disease and normal skin samples from 48 individuals. Semiquantitative L1-PCR and tyramide-based in situ hybridization (ISH) were also employed for positive cases.Results  HPVs belonging to the mucosal high-risk group were detected in three patients with Bowen's disease (7%; two HPV 16 and one HPV 33), with 101−103 copy equivalents per diploid amount of cellular DNA. They were distributed among most nuclei of tumour cells but in none of the cells of adjacent normal skin. HPVs belonging to the cutaneous group were detected in two patients (5%; HPV 27 and HPV 76) at 10−2−10−3 copy equivalents, the same level as in a normal skin specimen positive for type 23 EV-HPV. No positive signals were observed by ISH.Conclusions  HPVs belonging to the mucosal high-risk group may participate in the development of extragenital Bowen's disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06643.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of mouse ornithine decarboxylase gene expression in a macrophage-like cell line: Synergistic induction by bacterial lipopolysaccharide and camp
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 175 (1991), S. 48-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Keywords: [abr] 8-br cAMP; 8-bromo cAMP ; [abr] AP-2; activator protein 2 ; [abr] CAT; Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase ; [abr] CRE; cAMP responsive element ; [abr] LPS; bacterial lipopolysaccharide ; [abr] ODC; ornithine decarboxylase ; [abr] bp; base pairs
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X(05)81198-2
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