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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Potentiometric titration of xanthan (1987)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 20 (1987), S. 2882-2887 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00177a041
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase transition of 2,3-O-methylcellulose (1998)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 40 (1998), S. 741-747 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary In this work, a series of 2,3-O-methylcellulose (MC) with different DS value were prepared. Its phase transition behavior in aqueous solution was studied in terms of DS value, concentration and molecular weight. The the following conclusions were obtained. (1) All the 2,3-O-MC samples show no sol-gel transition in aqueous solution despite the molecular weight. (2) No phase separation was observed for the 2,3-O-MCs with a DS value lower than 1.0, even when the temperature was raised to 95°C. (3) The precipitation temperature is surprisingly different between 2,3-O-MCs. and other MCs possessing comparable total DS value. (4) The precipitation temperature of 2,3-O-MCs depends on the molecular weight rather than on the concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002890050317
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase transition of thermosensitive amphiphilic cellulose esters bearing olig(oxyethylene)s (2000)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 45 (2000), S. 381-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary A series of cellulose esters bearing olig(oxyethylene)s with different degree of substitution (DS) and different length of the oxyethylene chain were synthesized by a homogeneous reaction of cellulose with corresponding monofunctional acid chloride in a 10% LiCl-dimethyl acetoamide (DMAc) solution. The effect of total DS value on the solubility of the derivatives in aqueous solution was investigated. It was found that the lower limit DS value for both water-soluble and amphiphilic derivatives decreases with increasing length of oxyethylene chains. The amphiphilic derivatives, which are soluble in both water and chloroform, precipitate out of aqueous solution on heating without gel forming, such a phase transition behavior was studied in terms of DS value, length of oxyethylene and concentration. The precipitation temperature (Tp) of the amphiphilic derivatives is range from 54°C to 96°C. It decreases with increasing the total DS value, and increases with an increase in the length of oxyethylene chains. The Tp value of the derivatives was found to be almost independent in the concentration range of 1–15 wt %, however the Tp value increases sharply with decreasing polymer concentration when the concentration is lower than 1 wt%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002890070011
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Viscosity behavior and chain conformation of a (1→3)-α-glucan from Ganoderma lucidum (1998)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 41 (1998), S. 471-478 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Seven fractions of a (1→3)-α-D-glucan from Ganoderma lucidum have been studied by light scattering, sedimentation equilibrium, and viscometry in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) containing 0.25 M lithium chloride at 25°C. The intrinsic viscosity [η] - molecular weight relation for this glucan in the mixed solvent is found to be represented approximately by [η] = 0.071 M w 0.60 cm3 g−1 in the range of weight-average molecular weight M w studied, i.e., from 8 × 103 to 4.4 × 105. Its analysis based on current theories for wormlike chains shows that, without excluded volume effect, the (1→3)-α-D-glucan chain is characterized by a linear mass density of 380 nm−1, a Kuhn segment length of about 3 nm, and a diameter of 1.2 nm and is somewhat more extended but more flexible than amylose, a (1→4)-α-glucan, in DMSO.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002890050389
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Donor Doping on Microstructure and Electrical Properties of Bismuth Layer-Structured Bi〈sub〉4〈/sub〉Ti〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉12〈/sub〉 Ceramics (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 280-283 (Feb. 2007), p. 259-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A study was conducted on the effects of donor dopants, Nb2O5 and WO3, on microstructure and electric properties of Bi4Ti3O12 (BIT) ceramics. X-ray diffraction patterns of the materials showed a single orthorhombic phase structure. The microstructure results revealed the appearance of plate-like grain. The donor doping decreased the conductivity of BIT by as much as 3 orders of magnitude. The dielectric and ferroelectric properties of doped-BIT materials were also investigated.The decrease in the electrical conductivity allowed the doped samples to be poled to develop piezoelectricity. Thermal annealing studies of the samples indicated the donor-doped BIT were suitable candidate materials for high-temperature piezoelectric applications
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/49/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.280-283.259.pdf
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dielectric and Piezoelectric Properties of Na〈sub〉0.42〈/sub〉K〈sub〉0.08〈/sub〉Bi〈sub〉0.5〈/sub〉TiO〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 and Na〈sub〉0.45〈/sub〉K〈sub〉0.05〈/sub〉Bi〈sub〉0.5〈/sub〉TiO〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 Ceramics (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 280-283 (Feb. 2007), p. 251-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Na0.42K0.08Bi0.5TiO3 and Na0.45K0.05Bi0.5TiO3 ceramics were fabricated by the solid-state reaction. The structures were determined by X-ray diffraction. Dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of the ceramics were measured and discussed. The ceramics have a single perovskite phase with rhombohedral symmetry at room temperature. The thermal variations of the permittivity follow the law 1/ e − 1/ em = C(T − Tm)2 which is the character of typical relaxferroelectrics, when temperature is higher than the temperature of the maximum of dielectric constant (Tm). The depolarization temperature (Td) of spontaneous polarization is 215oC for Na0.45K0.05Bi0.5TiO3 and 152oC for Na0.42K0.08Bi0.5TiO3 respectively. There exist two different dielectric behaviors of the Na0.42K0.08Bi0.5TiO3 ceramic, without and after poling. Na0.45K0.05Bi0.5TiO3possesses relatively high kt and Td. The use for device application has been indicated
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/49/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.280-283.251.pdf
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical Properties of the Mixed Bismuth Layer-Structured Bi〈sub〉7〈/sub〉Ti〈sub〉4〈/sub〉NbO〈sub〉21〈/sub〉 Ceramics (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 280-283 (Feb. 2007), p. 255-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A mixed bismuth layer-structured compound, Bi7Ti4NbO21, has been prepared by the conventional solid state reaction. It showed an orthorhombic symmetry with a = 5.4428, b = 5.4043 and c = 29.041 Å by X-ray powder diffraction analysis. The hysteresis loops as a function of temperature were observed with a standardized ferroelectric test system. The remanent polarization and the coercive field of the material at 140°C were 14.06 µC/cm2 and 78.6 kV/cm, respectively.Thermal dependence of dielectric permittivity showed two-phase transitions at around 670°C and 845°C, which were also investigated by TSC and DSC. Finally, piezoelectric properties were obtained with a piezoelectric coefficient d33 = 10 pC/N. It was observed that Bi7Ti4NbO21 underwent a ferroelectric–paraelectric phase transition at 845°C by depolarization experiments
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/49/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.280-283.255.pdf
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Altered affinity of CBFβ-SMMHC for Runx1 explains its role in leukemogenesis (2002)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature structural biology 9 (2002), S. 674-679 
    Details
    ISSN: 1072-8368
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Chromosomal translocations involving the human CBFB gene, which codes for the non-DNA binding subunit of CBF (CBFβ), are associated with a large percentage of human leukemias. The translocation inv(16) that disrupts the CBFB gene produces a chimeric protein composed of the heterodimerization ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nsb831
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of Bonding of Grain Boundaries in Steels Using EELS (2005)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 475-479 (Jan. 2005), p. 4063-4066 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A novel EELS technique was developed to study bonding of grain boundary in many kinds of steels. We measured the normalized intensities of Fe white lines and calculated the occupancies of 3d states of iron, and then analyzed the relationship of the occupancies of 3d states of iron and the fracture property of the steels. We found that if the grain boundary has a different occupancy of 3d state of iron from that of the bulk, the steel tends to have an intergranular fracture, whereas if the grainboundary has almost the same occupancy of 3d state as the bulk, the steel tends to have a transgranular fracture. Our result shows that the difference in the occupancy of 3d state between bulk and grain boundary can be used to study the fracture mode at grain boundary in steel
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/10/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.475-479.4063.pdf
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Double-stranded helix of xanthan: Rigidity in 0.01M aqueous sodium chloride containing 0.01 N hydrochloric acid (1987)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 26 (1987), S. 333-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Six samples of Na xanthan in 0.01M aqueous NaCl containing 0.01 N HCl (pH = 2) were studied by light scattering and viscosity. This study was motivated by the finding that the intrinsic viscosity [η] fairly sharply decreased when the pH of the solvent was lowered from about 6 to 2 by adding HCl to 0.01M aqueous NaCl in which Na xanthan dissolves as rigid dimers having a double-helical structure. The data for weight-average molecular weight, radius of gyration, and [η] showed that Na xanthan at pH = 2 remains a dimer behaving as a semiflexible chain. Data analysis in terms of known theories for unperturbed wormlike chains yielded 0.47 ± 0.02, 2.0 ± 0.6, and 68 ± 7 nm for the contour length h per main-chain residue, diameter d, and persistence length q of the dimer, respectively. these h and d values agreed with the pitch per main-chain residue and the diameter of the double helix of Na xanthan in 0.01 or 0.1M aqueous NaCl. However, the q value, which was close to the intrinsic persistence length q0 ( = q in the absence of electrostatic interaction) of Na xanthan at pH = 2, was much smaller than the q0 (106 nm) of this helix. We concluded that the xanthan dimer at pH = 2 assumes a double-helical structure, which is geometrically the same as, but is more flexible than, that at neutral pH.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360260303
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