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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An automated monitoring system using on-line ultrafiltration and column liquid chromatography for Aspergillus niger fermentations (1994)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 41 (1994), S. 658-663 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract An automated system for the monitoring of fermentations of filamentous fungi is described. The system is based on the on-line combination of ultrafiltration, for the removal of cellular and macromolecular material from the fermentation broth, and column liquid chromatography for analysis of the filtrate. The performance of one hollow-fibre and two planar ultrafiltration modules is evaluated. The maximum sampling frequency as well as prevention from clogging by mycelium is strongly dependent on the construction of the module, best results being obtained with a planar membrane and a relatively high flow rate (150 ml/min) of the broth through a single, wide-bore (3 mm) flow channel in the module. The method is used for the study of metabolic and regulatory processes of two different Aspergillus niger strains on multiple carbon sources. The selected system can be applied for at least 70 h without any negative effect on either the fermentation or the analytical system. Through an analysis frequency of once per hour detailed information regarding consumption and production of nine different compounds could be obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00167281
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of cefpirome in critically ill patients with renal failure treated by continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (1999)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 25 (1999), S. 1427-1431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Cefpirome ; Pharmacokinetics ; Renal failure ; Multiple organ failure ; Continuous veno-venous hemofiltration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To study the cefpirome pharmacokinetics of patients with sepsis and multiple organ failure treated with CVVH. Design: Measurements of serum and ultrafiltrate (UF) concentrations and in vitro sensitivity testing of isolated micro-organisms. Setting: University hospital-based, single ICU. Patients: Six critically ill CVVH- dependent patients with sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in need of antimicrobial therapy. Age range: 60–75 years; APACHE II score for severity of illness on admission: 19–30. One patient survived. Interventions: Cefpirome i. v. was started at 2 g in 30 min, then continued 1 g i. v. b. i. d. Measurements: The UF rate was 27 ± 7 ml/min on day 1 and 34 ± 2 ml/min on day 2. Serum and ultrafiltrate samples were measured by a validated high performance liquid chromatography assay. Volume of distribution: 23 · 5(SD ± 4 · 6) l. Total cefpirome clearance was 32 ± 6 · 3 ml/min; cefpirome CVVH clearance (ClCVVH): 17 ± 4.2 ml/min; mean serum half-life (t1/2): 8.8 ± 2.3 h; mass transfer on day 1: 660 ± 123 mg/12 h (33 ± 6 % of administered dose)and day 2: 642 ± 66 mg/12 h (64 ± 7 %). Estimated sieving coefficient (ClCVVH/UF rate): 64 ± 11 %. In vitro sensitivity of isolated microbes was excellent except for two non-sensitive enterococci and Candida spp. Conclusions: The sieving coefficient (64 %) indicates that a substantial fraction of the drug is not filtered; clearance by pathways other than CVVH mounted to 50 % of the total clearance and increased on day 2, indicating that the dosing schedule used is appropriate for this setting. Cefpirome appeared to be safe in these patients and effective for most of the nosocomial microbial isolates. During more than 90 % of the time, serum levels were maintained above killing concentrations for susceptible micro-organisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001340051092
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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