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Reactive surfactants in heterophase polymerization for high performance polymers (1998)

Schipper, E. T. W. M. ; Sindt, O. ; Hamaide, T. ; [et al.]

Springer

Colloid & polymer science 276 (1998), S. 402-411

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ISSN: 1435-1536

Keywords: Key wordsBlock-copolymers ; polyethylene oxide ; polybutylene oxide ; reactive surfactants ; emulsion polymerization ; dispersion polymerization

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Notes: Abstract A variety of nonionic reactive surfactants have been prepared from block copolymer precursors. These precursors are formed from a commercially available polyoxyethylene glycol monomethylether as the hydrophilic sequence of the surfactant; this product is used as initiator of ring opening anionic polymerization of butylene oxide. Finally the reactive surfactants are obtained after proper functionalization of the precursor. The reactive surfactants are an inisurf with an asymmetric azo compound, a transurf with a thiol group, and a few surfmers with acrylic, methacrylic, styrenic and α-methyl styrenic reactive groups. These compounds have been engaged in styrene emulsion or dispersion polymerization. Several of them have been found to be useful for preparing stable latices.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003960050259

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Seeded emulsion polymerization of butylacrylate: “Zero-one or pseudo-bulk?” (1996)

Zirkzee, H. F. ; Van den Enden, M. J. W. A. ; Van Kilsdonk, W. T. ; [et al.]

Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell

Acta Polymerica 47 (1996), S. 441-449

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ISSN: 0323-7648

Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics

Notes: The kinetics of the emulsion polymerization of butyl acrylate at 20°C in Smith-Ewart interval III were investigated using a redox initiator system peroxodisulfate-bisulfite-copper. The aim of this work was to obtain more basic knowledge about the kinetic behavior of the butyl acrylate system. Monomer conversion into polymer was based on gravimetrically calibrated online densitometry. The experimentally obtained conversion versus time curves for these seeded reactions were fitted by a linear regression procedure (slope and intercept) as well as by a nonlinear regression procedure based upon zero-one kinetics. The conclussion is that the emulsion polymerization of butyl acrylate may reflect zero-one kinetics up to a particle size of approximately 130 nm. The rate coefficients for entry and exit can be obtained fairly accurately with the slope and intercept procedure and with the nonlinear regression method if the propagation rate coefficient is accurately known. However, this is not the case. Therefore the development of universal procedures for obtaining the propagation rate coefficients is essential, since this parameter is of paramount importance in all further model calculations concerning emulsion polymerization.

Additional Material: 5 Ill.