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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 59 (1981), S. 914-914 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 59 (1981), S. 425-429 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Haemoperfusion ; Adsorption ; Septicaemia ; Blood culture ; Antibiotic sensitivity ; Hämoperfusion ; Adsorption ; Sepsis ; Blutkultur ; Antibiogramm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 25 Patienten mit der klinischen Diagnose einer Sepsis wurde eine neue Methode des Erregernachweises mit dem sonst üblichen Blutkulturverfahren (punktuelle Blutentnahme in Blutkulturflaschen mit vorgefertigtem, flüssigem Nährmedium) verglichen. Die diagnostische Hämoperfusion mit beschichteter Aktivkohle erbrachte häufiger (16:9) einen Erregernachweis als die konventionelle Technik. Außerdem war bei positiven Blutkulturen die Keimidentifizierung und das Antibiogramm früher verfügbar. Bei sachgemäßer Anwendung bringt dieses diagnostische Verfahren für den Patienten keine Gefährdung mit sich.
    Notes: Summary The new method of diagnostic haemoperfusion was compared with the conventional blood culture technique in 25 patients with suspected septicaemia. The chance of obtaining a positive result proved to be clearly greater than that by conventional techniques (16:9). Furthermore, in the case of a positive result with the haemoperfusion technique both the bacterial identification and antibiotic sensitivities were available earlier than was previously possible. The procedure of diagnostic haemoperfusion is safe and carries a minimal risk of complications for the patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Hyperlipidaemia ; Cholesterol ; Triglycerides ; Uraemia ; Regular haemodialysis treatment ; Bezafibrate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Hyperlipidaemia may contribute to the high rate of cardiovascular complications in patients on chronic haemodialysis (CHD). However, possibilities of lipid lowering therapy in CHD are still limited. The applicability of bezafibrate (BF), a recently developed clofibrate analogue, was investigated in patients on CHD with triglyceride and/or total cholesterol levels above 300 mg/dl. The lipid lowering effect was studied in a placebo-controlled trial over 6 months in 19 patients. Long-term effect was followed in six patients over a mean period of 29 months. Elimination half-life and mean therapeutic serum concentration were calculated by 72-h BF serum profiles, obtained after the first drug administration of a single 200-mg dose and during steady state after 12 weeks of treatment. Elimination half-lives were 17 h at start and 22 h after 12 weeks compared with 2 h in subjects with normal renal function. Dose reduction to 200 mg every 3rd day was necessary and resulted in a mean therapeutic serum concentration of 3.4 mg/l, which was similar to 3.0 mg/l of normal subjects, who received the dose optimal for lowering of lipids (200 mg 3 × /day). The protein-bound serum fraction of BF was decreased to 8% in CHD patients, compared with 95% found in normal subjects. BF therapy resulted in a marked reduction of serum triglycerides from 478 mg/dl by 31% and total cholesterol levels from 311 mg/dl by 19% as well as β-Lp-cholesterol from 178 mg/dl by 17%, whereas the initially low α-Lp-cholesterol increased significantly from 18,3 mg/dl by 58%. Under long-term therapy not only continuously low triglyceride and cholesterol levels could be maintained, moreover a further decline (−20% and −7%) could be achieved. Safety laboratory controls, comprising haemoglobin, bilirubin, liver enzymes, CK and albumin, showed no significant changes apart from a slight reversible increase in CK and a decrease in gamma-GT and alkaline phosphatase. Subjective side effects were not reported. Under this dosage schedule, BF therapy was thus effective and safe, improving potentially atherogenic disturbances of lipid metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Spironolakton ; Nebennierenrindensteroide ; Elektrolytstoffwechsel ; Renin-Angiotensin-System ; Spironolactone ; Adrenal steroids ; Electrolyte metabolism ; Renin-angiotensin system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 10 young males received a diet containing 75 mmol of sodium and approximately 75 mmol of potassium for 14 days. After 7 days on the diet, 5 subjects each were treated with 300 mg spironolactone (S)/day or 200 mg triamterene (T)/day rsp. for another 7 days. Electrolytes in serum and urine, multiple serum steroids, plasma renin activity (PRA), angiotensin II (AT II) levels in plasma, aldosterone secretion rate, excretion of aldosterone-18-glucuronide and drug concentrations in plasma were measured throughout the study. The changes in electrolyte metabolism were identical after administration of both S and T with the exception of a slightly greater sodium loss in the S group within the last 4 days of the study. Whereas PRA was moderately increased in the T group throughout the study, it was greatly elevated in the S group on the 4th day of treatment. AT II kinetics in plasma resembled those of PRA in both groups. Serum levels of progesterone and 17-OH-progesterone did not change in either group, while 11-deoxycortisol rose to 173.5 ± 24.1% and cortisol levels showed a slight but transient increase under S. Whereas serum DOC did not change in group T, it promptly and significantly increased in group S above values in group T and above control values, finally to 305 ± 26%. Serum corticosterone and 18-OH-deoxycorticosterone also increased after an initial delay in group S but not in group T. Whereas aldosterone in serum rose continuously after T medication, it decreased first after administration of S but later showed a sharp increase also in the S group. Serum aldosterone levels were significantly different between S and T groups within the first 3 days of treatment but not during the following days. The data are interpreted as a result of an inhibition of adrenal 11- and 18-hydroxylases by metabolites of S, which is compensated later on by counterregulations such as an activation of renin and AT II.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Von 10 Studenten, deren Na-Zufuhr über 14 Tage auf 75 mval täglich beschränkt war, erhielten nach 1 Woche ohne Medikation je 5 Versuchspersonen für eine weitere Woche 3 × 100 mg Spironolakton (S) bzw. 2 × 100 mg Triamteren (T) tgl. Während der Studie wurden die Elektrolyte in Serum und Urin, 8 Steroide im Serum, die Plasma-Renin-Aktivität (PRA), die Angiotensin II Spiegel im Plasma (AT II), die Aldosteronsekretion und Exkretion sowie die Plasmakonzentrationen von Canrenon und Canrenoat-K gemessen. Die diuretikainduzierten Elektrolytveränderungen waren während der ersten 3 Behandlungstage nach Ausmaß und Kinetik in beiden Gruppen identisch. Während der letzten 4 Tage war der Na-Verlust unter S gerinfügig, aber signifikant höher. Die PRA stieg in der T-Gruppe mäßig, in der S-Gruppe ab dem 2. Behandlungstag massiv an. Die Kinetik des AT II entsprach derjenigen der PRA. Die Konzentrationen von Progesteron und 17-OH-Progesteron im Serum wurden weder durch T noch durch S beeinflußt, während 11-Desoxycortisol auf 173,5 ± 24.1% und Cortisol unter S nur vorübergehend leicht anstiegen. Die Serum-DOC-Spiegel waren unter T konstant, stiegen jedoch unter S sofort hochsignifikant auf 305 ± 26% an. Auch die Konzentrationen von Corticosteron und 18-OH-Desoxycorticosteron zeigten mit einer 48stündigen Verzögerung in der S-Gruppe einen signifikanten Anstieg gegenüber der T-Gruppe. Während unter T die Aldosteronkonzentrationen sofort und stetig zunahmen, fielen sie unter S zunächst ab, um ab dem 3. Tag steil anzusteigen. Die Ergebnisse werden interpretiert als Folge einer Hemmung der adrenalen 11- und 18-Hydroxylierung durch Metabolite des S, die nach wenigen Tagen durch eine gegenregulatorische massive Aktivierung des Renin-Angiotensin-Systems überspielt wird.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 57 (1979), S. 173-180 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Spironolakton ; Primärer Hyperaldosteronismus ; Nebennierensteroide ; Renin-Angiotensin-System ; Spironolactone ; Primary hyperaldosteronism ; Adrenal steroids ; Renin-angiotensin-system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 5 male patients with primary hyperaldosteronism (2 due to adenomata, 3 due to idiopathic hyperplasia) were treated with 100 mg spironolactone t.i.d. while on a diet containing 135 meq sodium daily. Serum levels of drug metabolites, of 8 adrenal steroids, of sodium and potassium, plasma renin activity (PRA) and angiotensin II (AT II) in plasma as well as sodium excretion in urine were measured before and during 5 (7) days of treatment. Spironolactone caused sodium excretion and potassium retention as it was shown by the changes in electrolytes in the serum and urine. Whereas PRA remained suppressed in 4 patients during the period of observation, a significant increase of PRA occurred 3 days after starting the spironolactone medication in another patient. In this patient also, a prompt and considerable increase of 11-deoxycorticosol, 11-deoxycorticosterone, corticosterone and a terminal increase of 18-OH-deoxycorticosterone was seen, which points at an inhibition of adrenal 11- and 18-hydroxylases by metabolites of spironolactone. Serum aldosterone, however, did not fall, but rose slightly within the first 3 days and — in accordance with the kinetics of PRA — significantly during the following days under spironolactone. In the other 4 patients, the mean concentrations of aldosterone in serum decreased slightly within the first day of spironolactone medication and oscillated around the control levels on the following days. A moderate but significant increase of 11-deoxycorticosterone as well as of corticosterone was also observed under the influence of spironolactone in these patients. These alterations, which are also consistent with the hypothesis of an inhibition of 11- and especially 18-hydroxylases, were however, less pronounced than was expected from previous studies with diet-induced hyperaldosteronism. While patients suffering from adenoma tended to show a decrease in their serum aldosterone, those suffering from idiopathic hyperplasia tended to show an increase in response to spironolactone. There slight differences in the mean values, however, were neither significant nor consistent in the individual cases. It was concluded that the inhibitory action of spironolactone on aldosterone biosynthesis is variable and thus of less significance than its inhibition of the aldosterone effects at the receptor sites.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 5 männliche Patienten mit primärem Hyperaldosteronismus (2 Adenomträger, 3 Fälle mit idiopathischer Hyperplasie), die unter einer Standarddiät mit 135 mval Natrium täglich standen, wurden stationär mit 3 × 100 mg Spironolakton täglich behandelt. Vor und 5 (7) Tage nach Einleitung der Therapie wurden die Serumspiegel der Spironolaktonmetabolite Canrenon und Canrenoat-K, von 8 Nebennieren-steroiden, von Natrium und Kalium, ferner Angiotensin II und die Plasmareninaktivität bestimmt sowie die Elektrolytausscheidung im Urin gemessen. Spironolakton hatte erwartungsgemäß eine Natriumausscheidung und Kaliumretention zur Folge. Während bei 4 Patienten die Plasmareninaktivität während des gesamten Versuchszeitraumes supprimiert blieb, stieg sie bei einem Patienten 3 Tage nach Behandlung stark an. Bei diesem Patienten kam es unter Spironolakton auch zu einem prompten und ausgeprägten Anstieg von 11-Desoxycortisol, 11-Desoxycorticosteron, Corticosteron und zu einem besonders terminal ausgeprägten Anstieg vom 18-OH-Desoxycorticosteron. Dies dürfte Ausdruck einer Hemmung der 11- und 18-Hydroxylasen durch Metabolite des Spironolaktons sein. Allerdings kam es nicht zu einem Abfall von Aldosteron. Dieses Hormon stieg vielmehr in den ersten 3 Behandlungstagen leicht, später in zeitlicher Übereinstimmung mit der Plasmareninaktivität stark an. Dagegen waren die Aldosteronkonzentrationen der übrigen Patienten 1 Tag nach Behandlungsbeginn leicht abgefallen, um im weiteren Verlauf um ihren Ausgangswert zu schwanken. Auch bei diesen Patienten sah man einen Anstieg von 11-Desoxycorticosteron und Corticosteron unter Spironolaktonbehandlung. Die beobachteten Veränderungen waren aber nicht so ausgeprägt, wie nach den Ergebnissen bei Versuchspersonen mit diätinduziertem Hyperaldosteronismus zunächst vermutet worden war. Obwohl Adenomträger unter Spironolakton zu einem leichten Abfall ihrer Serumaldosteronkonzentrationen tendierten, während die Patienten mit Hyperplasie im Mittel einen Anstieg zeigten, waren diese Unterschiede nicht ausgeprägt und trafen nicht in jedem Einzelfall zu. Offenbar ist Ausmaß und Dauer der Hemmung der Aldosteronbiosynthese durch Spironolakton individuell unterschiedlich, so daß sie bei der medikamentösen Therapie des Conn-Syndroms in ihrer Bedeutung hinter der Blockade der Aldosteronwirkung am Rezeptor zurücktritt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 58 (1980), S. 889-896 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Bezafibrat ; Niereninsuffizienz ; Pharmakokinetik ; Dosierungsschema ; Renale Clearance ; Extrarenale Clearance ; Bezafibrate ; Pharmacokinetics ; Dosage scheme ; Renal failure ; Renal clearance ; Extrarenal clearance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The pharmacokinetics of bezafibrate were investigated in the serum and urine of 22 patients with impaired renal function of different degrees after a single oral dose. The results of the first study were checked by a second study in another 12 patients with advanced renal insufficiency using multiple dosing. Both studies revealed an almost identical hyperbolic relationship between the mean serum concentration over 24 h and the endogenous creatinine clearance. Since the vertex of this hyperbola is positioned at a creatinine clearance of 50 ml/min, only greater impairment of the renal function requires dose reduction, the respective nomograms and schedules for which are given. Even in advanced renal failure (creatinine clearance 10–25 ml/min) the total serum clearance of bezafibrate was considerably higher (27 ml/min) than that reported in the literature for clofibric acid. It is of interest to note that not only the renal but also the “extrarenal” clearance, which in normals accounts for approximately half of the total clearance of bezafibrate, was considerably depressed in advanced renal failure. This might indicate that part of the extrarenal mechanism of bezafibrate elimination, e.g. the glucuronidation, might occur in the kidneys. Knowledge of the kinetic behaviour of bezafibrate in patients with impaired renal function also allows rational therapy in the presence of this condition.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Pharmakokinetik von Bezafibrat wurde in Serum und Urin von 22 Patienten mit unterschiedlich eingeschränkter Nierenfunktion nach einmaliger oraler Gabe untersucht. Die hierbei gewonnenen Ergebnisse wurden in einer zweiten Studie bei 12 weiteren Patienten (Kreatinin Clearance 10–25 ml/min) unter steady-state-Bedingungen überprüft. Beide Studien ergaben eine nahezu identische hyperbole Beziehung zwischen der mittleren Serumkonzentration über 24 h und der endogenen Kreatinin-Clearance. Da der Scheitel dieser Hyperbel bei einer Kreatinin-Clearance von ca. 50 ml/min, liegt, ist eine Dosis-Reduktion erst bei weitergehender Einschränkung der Nierenfunktion erforderlich. Entsprechende Nomogramme und Dosisempfehlungen werden angegeben. Selbst bei fortgeschrittener Niereninsuffizienz (Kreatin-Clearance 10–25 ml/min) ist die totale Clearance des Bezafibrats noch mehrfach höher (27 ml/min) als die in der Literatur unter vergleichbaren Bedingungen für Clofibrinsäure bestimmte. Interessanterweise ist nicht nur die renale, sondern auch die extrarenale Clearance von Bezafibrat, die normalerweise ca. die Hälfte der totalen Clearance ausmacht, bei fortgeschrittener Niereninsuffizienz deutlich vermindert. Dies weist darauf hin, daß ein Teil der „extrarenalen“ Eliminationsmechanismen des Bezafibrat, z.B. der Umsatz zu Glucuronsäurekonjugaten auch in der Niere ablaufen dürfte. Insgesamt erlaubt nun die Kenntnis der Pharmakokinetik des Bezafibrat bei Niereninsuffizienz eine rationale Therapieführung bei derartigen Patienten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 56 (1978), S. 135-138 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Spironolakton ; Canrenon ; Canrenoat-K ; Plasmacortisol ; Normalprobanden ; Leberkranke ; Canrenone ; Cenrenoate-potassium ; Spironolactone ; Normals ; Liver failure ; Cortisol plasma levels
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In 5 healthy subjects and in 5 patients with decompensated liver diseases, the concentrations of cortisol, canrenone and canrenoate-K were determined after single doses and after a long-term treatment with spironolactone. The concentrations of the metabolites of spironolactone were determined fluorimetrically, those of cortisol by a highly specific radioimmunoassay with previous chromatographic separation. As a result, non-interaction between spironolactone medication and cortisol metabolism, even at high dose and long-term treatment conditions, was established neither in normal test subjects nor in patients with liver failure.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei 5 gesunden Probanden und bei 5 Patienten mit dekompensierten Lebererkrankungen wurden die Konzentrationen von Cortisol und von Canrenon und Canrenoat-K im Plasma nach jeweils einer Einzeldosis von 7 mg Spironolakton/kg mit und ohne 12tägiger Vorbehandlung mit Spironolakton über jeweils 4 Tage verfolgt. Die Bestimmung der Spironolaktonmetabolite erfolgte fluorimetrisch. Das Cortisol im Plasma wurde mit einem hochspezifischen Radioimmunoassay mit vorgeschalteter chromatographischer Trennung bestimmt. Als Ergebnis zeigte sich keinerlei Beeinflussung der Cortisolplasmaspiegel und der circadianen Rhythmik durch hochdosierte oder längerfristige Spironolaktonmedikation bei Gesunden und Leberkranken.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 59 (1981), S. 909-910 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Pharmacokinetics ; Spironolactone ; Canrenone ; Age ; Metabolism ; Pharmakokinetik ; Stoffwechsel ; Alter ; Spironolacton ; Canrenon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 10 alten (77,2 Jahren) Patientinnen und 10 jungen (20,1 Jahren) weiblichen Probanden wurde die Pharmakokinetik von Canrenon nach mehrfacher täglicher oraler Gabe von 100 mg Spironolcaton unter den Bedingungen des steady-state untersucht. Die Konzentrationsbestimmungen erfolgten simultan mit einer spezifischen hochdruckflüssigkeits-chromatographischen und mit einer weniger spezifischen fluorimetrischen Methode. Maximale und mittlere Serumkonzentrationen von Canrenon waren bei den älteren Patientinnen etwa doppelt so hoch wie bei den jungen Versuchspersonen. Dies war die Folge einer verminderten Eliminationskapazität für Spironolacton bei den alten Patientinnen. Dabei war der Anteil von fluorogenen Metaboliten zu Carenon bei den alten Patientinnen höher als bei den jungen Probanden, so daß offenbar auch Verschiebungen in den Stoffwechselwegen von Spironolacton im Alter auftreten.
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of canrenone were compared in 10 elderly (77.2 years) patients and 10 young (20.1 years) female persons after multiple oral dosing of 100 mg Spironolactone during steady-state. The concentrations were determined using both a specific HPLC-assay and a nonspecific fluorometric assay. Maximum as well as mean concentrations of canrenone in serum of the elderly subjects were approximately twice as high as those in the young. This was the consequence of an impaired capacity for elimination of spironolactone in the elderly subject. In addition the ratio of the other fluorigenic metabolites and of canrenone were higher in the elderly. Thus also shifts in the metabolic pathways of spironolactone occure with progressing age.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 9 (1975), S. 105-114 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Methyldigoxin ; excretion ; deep compartment ; O-demethylation ; glycosides ; metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The time course of radioactivity in plasma and the excretion in urine and faeces over 7 days were determined in 12 healthy subjects after single oral and intravenous doses of a solution of3H-β-methyldigoxin. 62.2±2.1 and 29.0±5.2 per cent of the dose were excreted in urine and faeces, respectively, within 7 days of intravenous administration, compared with 55.2±2.8 and 28.6±5.7 per cent after oral administration. This indicates almost complete absorption of the glycoside when given in solution. 12 hours after its administration a pseudo-distribution equilibrium was reached and the average half life of tritiated compounds was 1.3 days. By 48 – 96 hours after treatment the average half life was 2.8 days. O-demethylation was revealed as the main metabolic degradation step in man. The rate of Demethylation was higher after oral than i.v. administration. Thus, only 31% of the radioactivity excreted in the urine consisted of unchanged β-methyldigoxin after oral administration compared to 51% after i.v. dosing. Only traces of bis- and monoglycosides were excreted in urine, but there were considerable amounts in faeces, where they accounted for more than 35% of the total excretion. Up to 40% of the radioactivity in plasma and urine consisted of polar conjugates during the first 12 hours after administration of β-methyldigoxin. The mono- and bisglycosides were identified as the main products of conjugation. During the 7 days approximately 15% of the administered dose was metabolized by splitting off glycosidic bonds and conjugation to polar compounds.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 255-262 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: spironolactone ; canrenone ; fluorimetry ; high performance liquid chromatography ; linear kinetics ; saturation kinetics ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In Study I 20 normal volunteers received a single oral dose of spironolactone 100 mg. In Study II a further 20 normal volunteers were given first spironolactone 100 mg b.i.d. and subsequently spironolactone 100 mg once a day for a further 4 days. In Study III 5 normal subjects were given a single dose of spironolactone 500 mg. The concentration of canrenone in serum was determined both by fluorimetry and HPLC for 0–48 h in Study I, 120–168 h in Study II and 0–36 h in Study III. The total AUCs after the single 100 mg dose did not differ from the AUCs within the dosing interval during steady state. The half-lives of the terminal log-linear phases were almost identical (14.99±0.80 h and 15.69±0,80 h) when determined by fluorimetry, and were sligthly, but significantly (p〈0.01), longer when determined by HPLC — 20.14±1.62 and 18.71±1.04. The mean ratio of the specific AUC determined by HPLC and the fluorimetrically determined AUC was 0.3 after the single 100 mg dose. It did not differ from the corresponding value during steady state (0.34). In contrast, the ratio after the single 500 mg dose was approximately 50% higher. Fluorimetrically determined AUCs after 100 and 500 mg doses did not show dose-proportionality in contrast to the HPLC-determined AUCs. It was concluded that Canrenone contributes much less to the conventional fluorimetric determination than was previously assumed. It may not provide more than 1/10 and 1/4 of the antimineralocorticoid activity of spironolactone after single dose and multiple doses, respectively. Whereas linear kinetics apply after single and multiple 100 mg doses of spironolactone, after 500 mg saturation kinetics must be assumed with respect to metabolism. Thus, in bioavailability studies high doses of spironolactone should be avoided. For such studies the fluorimetric assay seems to be the appropriate bioanalytical method in spite of its lower specificity.
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