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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 108 (1986), S. 3024-3028 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Leberspezifisches Membranprotein ; zelluläre Immunität ; Leber- und Nicht-Lebererkrankungen ; diagnostischer Wert ; Liver-specific membrane protein ; cell-mediated immunity ; hepatic and non-hepatic diseases ; diagnostic value
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In chronic active hepatitis (CAH,n=58) 70% of the HBsAg negative and 48% of the HBsAg positive cases showed a CMI against human liver specific proteins (HLPI). Using HBsAg as antigen only 12% of the HBsAg negative and 24% of the HBsAg positive cases gave a CMI response. On the basis of HBsAg and autoantibodies in the serum CAH patients could be divided into 4 subgroups. A close correlation between CMI against HLPI, sex, ANA and HL-A-8 could be detected. In a follow-up study of patients with acute virus B hepatitis (n=62) CMI against HBsAg was detected in 60% of the cases in the acute phase of the disease but in 15% only 3–6 months after the onset of the illness (n=40). In patients who developed a chronic HBsAg carrier status 3 of 5 cases remained persistently positive with HLPI as antigen in the migration inhibition test. — In non-hepatic diseases in which immunological abnormalities may be present (malignant diseasesn=46, diabetes mellitusn=27, active tuberculosis,n=18 and untreated systemic lupus erythematodes,n=5) only 26% of patients with malignant diseases showed a migration inhibition with HLPI. — Using different antigens such as human liver specific proteins (HLP), rabbit liver specific proteins (RLP), brucella suis antigen and tuberculin it was possible to demonstrate the validity of the two-step migration inhibition test to detect CMI. The results with different antigens in hepatic and non-hepatic diseases demonstrated that cell-mediated immunity to HLPI is an organ specific immune reaction which is associated with acute and chronic active liver diseases as a time limited or long-lasting phenomenon. Positive reactions in some tumor patients suggest that different mechanisms may elicit an autoimmune reaction against liver antigens.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei Patienten mit chronisch-aktiver Hepatitis (CAH) (n=58) konnte bei 70% der HBsAg-negativen und 48% der HBsAg-positiven Fälle eine zelluläre Immunreaktion (CMI) gegenüber humanen leberspezifischen Proteinen (HLPI) aus Plasmamembranen nachgewiesen werden. Mit HBsAg als Antigen war nur bei 12% der HBsAg-negativen und 24% der HBsAg-positiven CAH eine CMI vorhanden. Unter Berücksichtigung von HBsAg und Autoantikörpern im Serum von Patienten mit CAH konnte eine Einteilung in 4 Untergruppen vorgenommen werden. Nur in Gruppe 1 konnte eine enge Korrelation zwischen CMI gegenüber HLPI, weiblichem Geschlecht, ANA und HLA-8 gefunden werden. — In einer prospektiven Studie bei Patienten mit akuter Virus B-Hepatitis (n=62) fand sich eine CMI gegenüber HBsAg in 60% in der akuten Phase der Erkrankung, jedoch nur in 15% der Fälle im Zeitintervall von 3–6 Wochen nach Beginn der Erkrankung (n=40). Bei Patienten, die einen chronischen HBsAg Carrier-Status entwickelten, blieb bei 3 von 5 Fällen konstant eine CMI gegenüber HLPI nachweisbar. — Bei nicht hepatischen Erkrankungen mit immunologischen Abnormitäten (malignen Erkrankungenn=46, Diabetes mellitusn=27, aktiven Tuberkulosenn=18 und unbehandelten Fälle mit Lupus erythematodes disseminatusn=5) konnte lediglich in 26% der Patienten mit malignen Erkrankungen eine Hemmung der Migration gegenüber HLPI gefunden werden. Unter Verwendung verschiedener Antigene, wie HLPI, R LPI, Brucella Suis-Antigen und Tuberkulin, war es möglich, die Validität des Zweiphasen-Migrations-Inhibitionstestes zum Nachweis einer CMI nachzuweisen. Die Ergebnisse bei hepatischen und nichthepatischen Erkrankungen zeigen, daß eine CMI gegenüber HLPI eine organ-spezifische Immunreaktion ist, die bei akuten und chronisch-aktiven Leberentzündungen passager oder persistierend auftreten kann. CMI bei einigen Tumorpatienten legen nahe, daß verschiedene Mechanismen für die Induktion einer Autoimmunreaktion gegenüber Leberantigenen verantwortlich sein können.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 20 (1994), S. 219-221 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Buflomedil ; Acute intoxication ; Partial anticholinergic syndrome ; Neuroleptic action ; Mydriasis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 15-year-old girl was admitted to ICU in a comatose state. She presented with mydriasis, areflexia, hypoxemia and seizures. She was immediately intubated and connected to a ventilator. The seizures were reversed with intravenous diazepam. CT scan was negative. EEG showed a diffuse fast activity and theta waves with spikes in the anterior and temporal regions, bilaterally. The gastric lavage was suggestive of drug ingestion. The patient completely recovered after 6 h of mechanical ventilation and supportive management. Mydriasis was still present after the resolution of neurological symptoms. The girl told us she had ingested 10 tablets (3 g–55 mg/kg) of Loftyl (buflomedil) for suicidal intention. The buflomedil concentrations at 2–3 h from ingestion were 24.8 mg/l in the blood, 324.4 mg/l in the urine and 6.9 mg/l in the gastric content. The p-desmethyl metabolite was also identified in the urine. Buflomedil is a rheological agent largely used as a vasodilator in some European countries. Some recent reports have emphasized the risk of acute intoxication with this drug. Relatively low doses (50–60 mg/kg) have been associated with an important neurological toxicity and a high mortality. We suggest that the clinical picture we observed might be related to a neuroleptic-type action of buflomedil. We bring to attention the risk of a large, uncontrolled diffusion of a drug capable to cause serious consequences at relatively low doses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 21 (1995), S. 463-464 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 21 (1995), S. 547-553 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Pressure support ventilation ; Work of breathing ; P 0.1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate whether changes in breathing pattern, neuromuscular drive (P0.1), and the work involved in breathing might help to set the individual appropriate level of pressure support ventilation (PSV) in patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) requiring ventilatory assistance.Design: A prospective, interventional study. Setting An 8-bed multidisciplinary intensive care unit (ICU). Patients Ten patients with ARF due to adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis or airway infection were included in the study. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with acute exacerbation were excluded. None of these patients was in the weaning process. Interventions We found a level of pressure support able to generate a condition of near-relaxation in each patient, as evidenced by work of breathing (WOB) values close to 0 J/l. This level was called PS 100 and baseline physiological measurements, namely, breathing pattern, P 0.1 and WOB were obtained. Pressure support was then reduced to 85%, 70% and 50% of the initial value and the same set of measurements was obtained. Measurements and results Flow ( $$\dot V$$ ) was measured by a flow sensor (Varflex) positioned between the Y-piece of the breathing circuit and the endotracheal tube. Tidal volume was obtained by numerical integration of the flow signal. Airway pressure (Paw) was sampled through a catheter attached to the flow sensor. Esophageal pressure (Pes) was measured with a nasogastric tube incorporating an esophageal balloon. The esophageal balloon and flow and pressure sensors were connected to a portable monitor (CP 100 Bicore) that provided realtime display of flow, volume, Paw and Pes tracings and loops of Pes/V, Paw/V and $$\dot V$$ /V relationships. The breathing pattern was analyzed from the flow signal. Patient work of breathing (WOB) was calculated by integration of the area of the Pes/V loop. Respiratory drive (P 0.1) was measured at the esophageal pressure change during the first 100 ms of a breath, by the quasiocclusion technique. When pressure support was reduced, we found that the respiration rate significantly increased from PS 100 to PS85, but varied negligibly with lower pressure support levels. Tidal volume behaved in a similar way, decreasing significantly from PS 100 to PS85, but hardly changing at PS 70 and PS 50. In contrast, WOB and P 0.1 increased progressively with decreasing pressure support levels. The changes in WOB were significant at each stage in the trial, whereas P 0.1 increased significantly from PS 100 at other stages. Linear regression analysis revealed a highly positive, significant correlation between WOB and P 0.1 at decreasing PSV levels (r=0.87), whereas the correlation between WOB and ventilatory frequency was less significant (r=0.53). No other correlation was found. Conclusions During pressure support ventilation, P 0.1 may be a more sensitive parameter than the assessment of breathing pattern in setting the optimal level of pressure support in individual patients. Although P 0.1 was measured with an esophageal balloon in the present study, non-invasive techniques can also be used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Chemoembolisation ; Embolisation, hepatic artery ; Hepatocellular carcinoma ; Iodised oil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To evaluate the effectiveness of transcatheter arterial embolisation (TAE) as a treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicating cirrhosis, the survival of 27 untreated patients and 57 TAE-treated patients was compared. Clinical features, laboratory findings and tumour stage were comparable in the two groups of patients. TAE was undertaken with epirubicin, iodised oil and gelatine esponge. Cumulative survival rates at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months were 0.59, 0.47, 0.17 and 0.08 in the untreated group, and 0.87, 0.75, 0.40 and 0.19 in the TAE-treated group (P = 0.01). Patients with Child's grade B cirrhosis and patients with tumour smaller than 25% of the liver volume responded better to TAE. Twenty-four untreated patients and 25 TAE-treated patients died during the follow-up. The complication rate and mortality rate of TAE were 28% and 1.7% respectively. TAE prolongs the survival of patients with HCC complicating cirrhosis; prognosis depends on tumour stage and the degree of hepatic function impairment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Anti-HBc IgM ; Chronic hepatitis B ; HBV markers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc IgM) was investigated by an antibody-capture radioimmunoassay (serum dilution 1∶4000) in serum samples from 31 untreated children with chronic hepatitis B who were followed prospectively for 1–7 years. At the start, all patients were positive for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), and anti-HBc IgM was detected in 23 cases, including 15 out of 16 with chronic active hepatitis and 7 out of 14 with chronic persistent hepatitis. A significant positive correlation was found between anti-HBc IgM levels and severity of liver damage (P〈0.05), while an inverse relationship was found between anti-HBc IgM levels and distribution of hepatitis B core (HBcAg) antigen in the liver as detected by immunofluorescence. In fact 75% of anti-HBc IgM positive patients showed a focal HBcAg pattern (less than 40% positive nuclei), whereas 87% of antibody negative cases exhibited a diffuse HBcAg expression (more than 60% stained nuclei). During follow-up, seroconversion from HBeAg to anti-HBe with subsequent remission of liver disease occurred in 82% of patients presenting with detectable levels of anti-HBc, including three out of seven cases with chronic persistent hepatitis, but in none of the cases that were initially negative (P〈0.01). These results indicate that during the natural course of chronic hepatitis B in children, anti-HBc IgM levels in serum reflect the degree of host immune response to infected hepatocytes. The close correlation between anti-HBc IgM seropositivity and seroconversion from HBeAg to anti-HBe suggests that anti HBc IgM may have a prognostic value during the follow-up of children with chronic HBeAg positive hepatitis B.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 556-557 (Sept. 2007), p. 1027-1030 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In this work, the structural and electrical properties of Ti/Al/Ni/Au contacts on n-typeGallium Nitride were studied. An ohmic behaviour was observed after annealing above 700°C. Thestructural analysis showed the formation of an interfacial TiN layer and different phases in thereacted layer (AlNi, AlAu4, Al2Au) upon annealing. The temperature dependence of the specificcontact resistance demonstrated that the current transport occurs through thermoionic field emissionin the contacts annealed at 600°C, and field emission after annealing at higher temperatures. Byfitting the data with theoretical models, a reduction of the Schottky barrier from 1.21eV afterannealing at 600°C to 0.81eV at 800°C was demonstrated, together with a strong increase of thecarrier concentration at the interface. The reduction of the contact resistance upon annealing wasdiscussed by correlating the structural and electrical characteristics of the contacts
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0931-1890
    Keywords: Key words Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy ; Photosynthesis ; Ageing ; Pinus nigra ; Biosensors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  Differently aged needles from a Pinus nigra Arnold tree growing in a typical urban area have been examined by means of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, and the variation of the observed six-line Mn (II) signal was monitored for 1 year. An inverse trend has been established between the photosynthetic efficiency of the plant and the measured content of Mn (II). The possibility of using EPR spectroscopy in studying ageing and in assessing stress situations in plants is considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 21 (1966), S. 833-834 
    ISSN: 0001-5520
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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