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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Significance of operator experience in diagnostic accuracy of biopsy gun biopsies (1994)
    Springer
    European radiology 4 (1994), S. 430-433 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Biopsies ; Technology ; Kidney biopsy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A total of 175 consecutive patients who had undergone a renal biopsy with a biopsy gun were evaluated retrospectively to assess the diagnostic accuracy rate of radiologists with varying experience in biopsy procedures. No statistically significant difference was found between the different operators. If provided with detailed instruction even operators with a limited amount of experience produced biopsy results equal to those of experienced operators. The automated sampling character of the biopsy gun, with a consistently high diagnostic sampling rate (96%), is believed to be responsible for these results. In a subgroup of 27 patients diagnostic accuracy was not found to be reduced in overweight patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00212816
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Therapy evaluation of neuroendocrine liver metastases with contrast-enhanced MRI (1993)
    Springer
    European radiology 3 (1993), S. 19-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Liver ; MRI ; Neuroendocrine tumours ; Therapy monitoring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Seventeen patients with neuroendocrine liver metastases, 14 of whom were treated with interferon, were examined with MRI before and after contrast administration to evaluate whether there were signal characteristics, differences in homogeneity and/or contrast enhancement patterns that indicated response to or failure of treatment. Of the treated patients 6 objectively responded to treatment (OR), 3 had progressive disease (PD) and 5 had stable disease (SD). A significant difference was found between the SD, untreated (UT) and OR groups of patients in terms of T1 (P = 0.01) and contrast enhancement (P = 0.02). The signal intensity ratio (SIR) in T2-weighted images between tumour and liver was significantly different (P = 0.05) between the OR and PD groups. This indicates that MRI may be used in therapy monitoring of patients with neuroendocrine metastases. Neuroendocrine metastases in the OR group had the same T1 and SIR values as those reported for haemangiomas, while patients in the PD, SD and UT groups had SIR values similar to those for colorectal metastases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00173517
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lack of drug-drug interaction between three different non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and omeprazole (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 54 (1998), S. 399-404 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words NSAID ; Diclofenac ; Naproxen ; Piroxican ; Omeprazole ; Interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To study, in three separate investigations, the potential interaction between omeprazole and three different non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs; diclofenac, naproxen and piroxicam) in healthy male and female subjects. Methods: Each investigation was an open, randomized, three-way cross-over study, in which the subjects were given omeprazole 20 mg once daily for 1 week, the NSAID in therapeutic daily doses (diclofenac 50 mg bid, naproxen 250 mg bid, or piroxicam 10 mg om), or a combination of omeprazole and each NSAID. The plasma concentrations of the NSAID as well as of omeprazole were determined on the last day of each investigation period. Results: None of the NSAIDs studied had any effect on the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) of omeprazole. It was also demonstrated that omeprazole 20 mg daily had no significant influence on the pharmacokinetics of the NSAIDs. The AUC ratio, (NSAID +omeprazole):NSAID alone, was 1.11, 0.99, and 0.99 for diclofenac, naproxen, and piroxicam, respectively. Conclusion: Diclofenac, naproxen, and piroxicam can be administered together with omeprazole 20 mg daily without need for dosage alteration. There was no significant change in the bioavailability of theses NSAIDs during omeprazole therapy in this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050482
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lack of effect of omeprazole treatment on steady-state plasma levels of metoprolol (1991)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 40 (1991), S. 61-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Omeprazole ; substituted benzimidazole ; metoprolol ; interaction ; cytochrome P450 ; debrisoquine hydroxylase ; pharmacokinetics ; adverse effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a randomised double-blind crossover study, seven healthy males were concomitantly given metoprolol 100 mg o. d. as a controlled release formulation, and omeprazole 40 mg o. d. or placebo, for 8 days. Plasma levels of the R- and S-enantiomers of metoprolol were determined on the 8th day of each treatment. The subjects were also characterised by their metabolic capacity to hydroxylate debrisoquine. Concomitant omeprazole treatment had no significant influence on the steady-state plasma levels of the two enantiomers of metoprolol. All subjects were characterised by extensive debrisoquine hydroxylation, i.e. extensive metoprolol metabolism. As metoprolol is metabolised to a great extent by debrisoquine hydroxylase (IID6), it is concluded that concomitant omeprazole treatment will probably have a negligible influence on the metabolism of the relatively large number of drugs mainly metabolised by this isoenzyme of the cytochrome P450 family.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315140
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of various single intravenous and oral doses of omeprazole (1990)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 39 (1990), S. 195-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Omeprazole ; metabolites ; bioavailability ; pharmacokinetics ; dose-dependent kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of dose on the kinetics of omeprazole and two of its metabolites, hydroxyomeprazole and the sulphone, has been studied. Ten healthy subjects were given omeprazole 10 and 40 mg iv and 10, 40 and 90 mg orally. No significant dose-related difference in any parameter calculated from the iv experiments was detected. Following the oral solutions, however, there was a dose-dependent increase in systemic availability, probably due to saturable first-pass elimination. The AUC of the sulphone also seemed to increase non-linearly with increasing dose, and that of the hydroxyomeprazole increased in proportion to dose. The slight dose-dependency of the bioavailability of the solution is considered to be of no or limited clinical relevance. Furthermore, since omeprazole is given orally as slowly absorbed enteric coated granules in the dose of 20 mg o.d., the potential for dose-dependent kinetics in clinical practice would be much less than in the present study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00280061
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lack of effect of omeprazole, cimetidine, and ranitidine on the pharmacokinetics of ethanol in fasting male volunteers (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 42 (1992), S. 209-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Ethanol ; gastric acid inhibition ; pharmacokinetics ; antisecretory drugs ; omeprazole ; ranitidine ; cimetidine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of three gastric antisecretory drugs on the pharmacokinetics of ethanol have been studied in a randomized crossover experiment. Male medical students (n=12) took ethanol 0.8 g/kg body weight at 08.00 h after an overnight fast. On seven successive days before drinking ethanol they were given omeprazole 20 mg, cimetidine 800 mg, ranitidine 300 mg, or no drug, with a period of at least 7 days between treatments. The peak blood ethanol concentration of 21.9 to 22.8 mmol·l−1 occurred at 64 to 70 min after the end of drinking. The rate of disappearance of ethanol from the blood ranged from 3.0 to 3.3 mmol·l−1·h−1 and the rate of removal from the whole body ranged from 8.0 to 8.5 g·h−1. The apparent volume of distribution of ethanol was almost the same for all four treatments: mean 0.68 l·kg−1, corresponding to a mean total body water of 441 (59% body weight). Mean areas under the concentration-time profiles of ethanol ranged from 83 to 87 mmol·l−1·h for the four treatments. It is concluded that omeprazole, cimetidine and ranitidine do not alter the kinetics of a moderate dose of ethanol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00278486
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tunneling resonances in structures with a two-step barrier (1998)
    Springer
    JETP letters 67 (1998), S. 863-868 
    Details
    ISSN: 1090-6487
    Keywords: 73.40.Kp ; 73.20.Dx
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Electron transport through an asymmetric heterostructure with a two-step barrier N+GaAs/N−GaAs/Al0.4Ga0.6As/Al0.03Ga0.97As/N−GaAs/N+GaAs was investigated. Features due to resonance tunneling both through a size-quantization level in a triangular quantum well, induced by an external electric field in the region of the bottom step of the barrier (Al0.03Ga0.97As layer), and through virtual levels in two quantum pseudowells of different width are observed in the tunneling current. The virtual levels form above the bottom step or above one of the spacers (N−GaAs layer) as a result of interference of electrons, in the first case on account of reflection from the Al0.4Ga0.6As barrier and a potential jump at the Al0.03Ga0.97As/N−GaAs interface and in the second case — from the Al0.4Ga0.6As barrier and the potential gradient at the N−GaAs/N+GaAs junction, reflection from which is likewise coherent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.567762
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron tunneling between two-dimensional electronic systems in a heterostructure with a single doped barrier (1998)
    Springer
    Semiconductors 32 (1998), S. 539-543 
    Details
    ISSN: 1063-7826
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Electron tunneling in a heterostructure with a single doped barrier was investigated. Analysis of the experimental data showed that all features in the tunneling conductance are due to electron tunneling between two-dimensional electron sheets which appear on different sides of the barrier as a result of ionization of impurities in the barrier. Electron transport between the two-dimensional electron sheets and three-dimensional contact regions does not introduce significant distortions in the measured tunneling characteristics. In such structures there is no current flow along the two-dimensional electron gas; such a current ordinarily makes it difficult to investigate tunneling between two-dimensional electronic systems in magnetic fields.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1187434
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Suppression of the equilibrium tunneling current between slightly disordered two-dimensional electron systems with different electron concentrations in a high magnetic field (1999)
    Springer
    JETP letters 69 (1999), S. 255-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1090-6487
    Keywords: 71.10.Ca ; 73.50.Jt
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Tunneling between parallel two-dimensional electron gases (2DEG) in accumulation layers formed on both sides of the single doped AlGaAs barrier are examined in both zero and high magnetic field. Accumulation layers are separated from highly n-doped contact regions which freely supply electrons to the 2DEGs via 80 nm thick lightly n-doped spacer layers. Strongly oscillating current with magnetic field along the 2DEGs is absent in this arrangement. Without magnetic field resonant tunneling between 2DEGs with different as grown electron concentration could be settle by application of external voltage bias. High magnetic fields (ν〈1) shift resonant tunneling to zero external bias and suppresses tunneling current, creating wide gap in the tunneling density of states at the Fermi level arisen from the in-plane Coulomb interaction in the 2DEGs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.568014
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coherent elastic and rotationally inelastic scattering of N2, O2, and CH4 from a 10 K Cu(111) surface (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 113 (2000), S. 9262-9267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We report observations of coherent elastic and rotationally inelastic scattering of N2, O2, and CH4 from a 10 K Cu(111) surface, kept clean by pulsed laser heating. The related sharp features in the measured angular distributions decrease drastically in intensity at elevated target temperatures. At low temperature rotational transitions reduce the elastic scattering probability by about an order of magnitude. This effect is weak for D2 at the impact conditions of concern. Quantum scattering calculations for N2 and D2 show that this difference is primarily caused by the large difference in rotational constants and the associated rotational transition energies of these molecules. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1319519
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