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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developmental changes of glutamate receptors in the rat cerebral cortex and hippocampus (1996)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 195 (1996), S. 65-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole proprionic acid receptor ; Glutamate receptor development ; Immunohistochemistry ; Synaptogenesis ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We studied the immunohistochemial localization of the glutamate receptors (GluR-1, -2, and -3,) in the developing rat cerebral cortex and hippocampus using antibodies to GluR1 and to an epitope common to GluR2 and GluR3 (GluR2/3) subunits. In the cerebral cortex, GluR1 immunoreactivity appeared in the neurons from postnatal day (PND) 0, increased with maturation, was highest at PND 10, decreased until PND 30, and thereafter remained at the same level as on PND 0. GluR2/3 immunoreactivity appeared earlier in scattered neurons on embryonal day (ED) 18, increased with maturation and reached a peak between PND 10 and PND 15, after which the immunoreactivity gradually decreased and reached a plateau at PND 30. For both GluR1 and GluR2/3, some of the pyramidal neurons showed intense staining. In the pyramidal layers of the hippocampus, GluR1 and GluR2/3 immunoreactivity was found in all the pyramidal neurons of the CA1–4 area from ED 20. In the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, GluR1 and GluR2/3 immunoreactivity was found in the neurons of the granule cells after PND 0. Immunoreactivity in the neurons of the subiculum was found after PND 5 and that of the polymorphic cell layers was found after PND 15–20. Our results indicate that the development of glutamate receptor subunits in the rat cerebral cortex and hippocampus is expressed in different spatial patterns and distinct temporal patterns throughout development and is scheduled during the early postnatal period, when synaptic plasticity or synaptic connection occurs in these regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004290050025
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of estrogen-independent persistent vaginal cornification in cyproterone acetate (CA)-induced feminized male mice (1977)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 151 (1977), S. 119-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Feminized male mice ; Antiandrogen ; Neonatal estrogen treatment ; Estrogen-independent persistent vaginal cornification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pregnant ICR/JCL mice were treated with 6 mg of cyproterone acetate (CA) from days 14 to 20 of pregnancy to feminize male offspring. Feminized males delivered on day 20 of pregnancy by cesarean section were castrated the same day, injected with estradiol-17β(E2) or sesame oil from the day of delivery (=day 1) to day 10 and sacrificed on day 60. In oil-injected feminized males, the vaginal epithelium was atrophic and did not show cornification. In feminized males given 20 μg E2 neonatally, the vaginal epithelium exhibited well-differentiated stratified squamous organization, but was not cornified in seven out of the nine mice of this group. In the mice treated with 50 μg E2, persistent cornification was recognized most frequently in the posterior two-thirds of the vaginal epithelium which is considered to originate from the which may contain the epithelial cells of müllerian duct was low. These results provide supporting evidence for the possible participation of epithelial cells which come from the urogenital sinus in the development of estrogen-independent persistent vaginal cornification in neonatally estrogenized mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00297475
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Focal attenuation differences in pericystic liver tissue as seen on CT hepatic arteriography and CT arterial portography: observation using a unified helical CT and angiography system (1999)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 24 (1999), S. 360-365 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Computed tomography, helical—Angiography—Liver.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: To investigate nontumorous focal enhancement (FE) with computed tomographic hepatic arteriography (CTHA) and perfusion defect (PD) with computed tomographic arterial portography (CTAP) in pericystic liver tissue. Methods: Incidence, shape, and size of nontumorous FE on CTHA and PD on CTAP were examined in 100 consecutive noncirrhotic and 100 consecutive cirrhotic patients. Results: FE was observed on CTHA in 77 noncirrhotic and 61 cirrhotic patients, whereas PD was observed on CTAP in 50 noncirrhotic and 51 cirrhotic patients. When both findings were visualized in both CT studies, the shape of the FE on CTHA was similar to the overlapping PD on CTAP in 81% of patients but was larger in 92% of patients. Conclusions: FE on CTHA and PD on CTAP are frequently noted in pericystic liver tissue. The size of FE on CTHA is often larger than PD on CTAP, although the shapes are generally the same. Size discrepancy suggests the presence of both portal supply and splanchnic venous drainage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900514
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of Voltage-Sensitive Dyes for Long-Term Recording of Neural Activity in the Hippocampus (1999)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 172 (1999), S. 145-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Key words: Optical recording — Voltage-sensitive dye — Dye screening — Merocyanine-rhodanine — Hippocampal slice — Long-term potentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract. We searched for an optimal voltage-sensitive dye for optical measurements of neural activity in the hippocampal slice by evaluating several merocyanine-rhodanine and oxonol dyes. The wavelength dependence (action spectra), pharmacological effects of staining, signal size, signal-to-noise ratio, and the utility of the dyes for long-term continuous recording were examined for four merocyanine-rhodanine dyes (NK2761, NK2776, NK3224 and NK3225), which had been reported to be optimal in embryonic nervous systems, and for two oxonol dyes (NK3630 (RH482) and NK3041 (RH155)), which have been among the most popular potentiometric probes for the hippocampal slice preparation. NK2761, NK3224 and NK3225 provided large signal-to-noise ratios, and proved to be useful for optical recordings lasting several hours. NK3630 was most suitable for long-term recording, although the signal-to-noise ratio was slightly inferior to that of the merocyanine-rhodanines. Using NK3630 (RH482) on the hippocampal slice preparation, we demonstrate here that long-term potentiation can be monitored stably for more than 8 hr.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002329900592
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Male-female differences in the intra-amygdaloid input to the medial amygdala (1983)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 52 (1983), S. 328-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Amygdala ; Sex difference ; Synapse ; Input ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Following lesion of the posterior cortical nucleus of the amygdala (PCAN), the number of degenerating axon terminals and alterations of synaptic pattern were studied in the molecular layer (ML) of the medial nucleus of the amygdala (MAN) of male and female rats. Semiquantitative analyses by electron microscopy indicated that, 1 and 2 days after the lesion, the number of degenerating terminals in the ventral ML of male rats was statistically greater than that of female rats. Ten days after the operation, intact synapses remaining on dendritic shafts of the medial ML and those on dendritic spines of the ventral ML of male rats significantly decreased in number, compared with unoperated controls. On the other hand, no significant reduction was noted in synapses of the lesioned female rats killed 10 days after the operation. Thus, the number of axon terminals in the male ML originating from the lesioned area was greater than that of the female ML. The number of synapses in the ML of unoperated male rats was statistically greater than that of unoperated females. However, these sex differences in synaptic number became undetectable 10 days after the operation. These findings provide morphological evidence indicating that the fibers from and/or through the PCAN participate in emergence of synaptic sexual dimorphism in the ML of the MAN.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238027
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regional difference in sexually dimorphic synaptic organization of the medial amygdala (1983)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 49 (1983), S. 462-465 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Sexual dimorphism ; Dendritic synapses ; Medial amygdala ; Sex steroids ; Sexual differentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The existence of sexual dimorphism in synaptic pattern is demonstrated in the molecular layer of the medial nucleus of the rat amygdala by semiquantitative electron microscopic analysis on synaptic density. Sex difference in synaptic number was found in dendritic shaft synapses in the medial part of the molecular layer, whereas the difference occurred in dendritic spine synapses in the ventral molecular layer. The present study also provides evidence for the involvement of sex steroids in the development of sexually dimorphic neuronal circuitry in the molecular layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238788
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator (u-PA) and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in Human Brain Tumours (1998)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 140 (1998), S. 377-386 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Plasminogen activators; plasminogen activator inhibitor I; brain tumour invasion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We investigated the role of plasminogen activators (PAs) and their inhibitor (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, PAI-1) in human brain tumours. The amounts of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA), tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and the activity of u-PA and t-PA were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and u-PA and PAI-1 were immunolocalized using monoclonal antibodies in human brain tumours and normal brain tissues. The tissues were surgically removed from 64 patients; normal brain tissue (5 cases), low-grade glioma (4 cases), high-grade glioma (17 cases), metastatic tumour (9 cases), meningioma (benign 12 cases, malignant 6 cases), acoustic schwannoma (11 cases). u-PA activity and u-PA and PAI-1 antigen levels were significantly elevated in malignant brain tumours (malignant meningiomas, high-grade gliomas, and metastatic tumours) and acoustic schwannomas but very low in benign meningiomas, low-grade gliomas and normal brain. There was no difference in t-PA antigen levels among normal and malignant tissues, however levels of t-PA activity were markedly decreased in metastastic tumours. All malignant brain tumour tissues showed positive immunostaining for u-PA and PAI-1, however, some tumour cells showed negative intensity while others showed strong intensity for these antibodies. This contrasts to the homogeneous staining pattern found in acoustic schwannoma. These findings indicate that malignancy in human brain tumours is associated with elevated levels of u-PA and PAI-1 and that an imbalance between these proteins in a micro-enviroment contributes (ascribes) to tumour cell invasion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050112
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification and partial characterization of intestinal-like alkaline phosphatase in rabbit kidney
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 284 (1991), S. 320-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-9861
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-9861(91)90302-Y
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tissue specificity of calspermin: A heat-stable M"r 32,000 calmodulin-binding protein
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 255 (1987), S. 102-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-9861
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-9861(87)90299-2
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acrosin biosynthesis in meiotic and postmelotic spermatogenic cells
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 173 (1990), S. 240-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X(05)81047-2
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