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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Pharmacology 8 (1968), S. 319-336 
    ISSN: 0362-1642
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Nutrition 10 (1990), S. 397-414 
    ISSN: 0199-9885
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Physiology 29 (1967), S. 349-372 
    ISSN: 0066-4278
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Postmenopausal women — Chronic — Steroid — Estrogen — Osteoporosis — Predictors.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Chronic steroid use results in osteoporosis, and postmenopausal women are believed to be at a high risk for steroid-induced bone loss. The purpose of this study was to determine predictors of bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women on both chronic steroid and hormone replacement therapy. Seventy-six postmenopausal women (≥3 years postmenopausal, ≥2 years of steroid treatment of ≥5 mg/day of prednisone, and ≥1 year of hormone replacement therapy) were recruited into this study. Measurements of BMD of the lumbar spine and femoral neck were obtained in all subjects. Risk factors for osteoporosis were obtained by questionnaire. Discriminant analysis was performed to determine predictors of BMD. Osteoporosis, defined by a T score of 〈−2.5, was present in the lumbar spine or femoral neck in 34 of the 76 subjects. Based on these criteria, women with osteoporosis were significantly older, were more years postmenopausal, and had a lower body mass index (BMI) than women who did not have osteoporosis. Predictors of osteoporosis for both the femoral neck and spine included a low BMI (P 〈 0.05), more years postmenopausal (P 〈 0.01), and more years on steroids (P 〈 0.01). Low BMI was the only significant predictor of osteoporosis in the lumbar spine (P 〈 0.05), whereas for the femoral neck both years on steroids (P 〈 0.05) and BMI (P 〈 0.05) were significant predictors of low BMD. In summary, not all postmenopausal women on chronic steroid and hormone replacement therapy are osteoporotic but a low BMI, more years on steroids, and more years postmenopausal were significant predictors of osteoporosis in these subjects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Keywords: Key words:Bone alkaline phosphatase – Bone mineral density – Deoxypyridinoline – Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis – Osteocalcin – Parathyroid hormone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The purpose of this study was to test the ability of early changes in markers of bone turnover to predict subsequent changes in bone mineral density (BMD) induced by parathyroid hormone fragment, PTH (1–34), in postmenopausal osteoporotic women treated with estrogen and glucocorticoids. Forty-nine postmenopausal women with chronic, inflammatory diseases and BMD T-scores ≤–2.5 at the lumbar spine or femoral neck who were concurrently treated with estrogen ≥ 1 year and prednisone 5–20 mg/day for ≥ 1 year participated. Subjects were randomized to treatment with human PTH (1–34) 400 IU/day or to a control group for 1 year and followed for an additional year. Serum and urine were collected at baseline and 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months for measurement of bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), osteocalcin (OC) and deoxypyridinoline (DPD). We constructed an Uncoupling Index (UI) from all three markers (UI = [Z BAP+Z OC]/2 –Z DPD, where the Z-score for each marker in each subject was calculated from the mean and standard deviation of the study population at baseline). BMD of the lumbar spine and hip was measured at baseline and every 6 months thereafter by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and annually by quantitative computed tomography (QCT; spine only). BMD of the spine, but not hip (total, femoral neck or trochanter), and levels of all three markers increased significantly as a result of PTH treatment (p〈0.01 compared with controls). The resorption response lagged behind that of formation as evidenced by a significant increase (p〈0.05) in the UI for the first 9 months of treatment. The UI values and changes from baseline to 1, 3 and 6 months in BAP, OC and DPD were correlated with the 12- and 24-month changes in spine BMD measured both with QCT and with DXA (Spearman’s rank coefficients ≤0.76; p〈0.05). Most PTH-treated subjects could be identified as biochemical responders by least significant change analysis. Following 1 month of therapy, BAP and OC identified 65% and 81% as responders, respectively. The responder rates were 79%, 79% and 75% for BAP, OC and DPD, respectively by 6 months. Responders exhibited a high level of diagnostic accuracy for predicting a gain in BMD (areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves exceeding 0.79 for QCT and 0.70 for DXA), but not the magnitude of the gain. These data suggest that serial bone marker measurements may be useful in identifying skeletal responders to an anabolic therapy, such as PTH, in estrogen-replete postmenopausal women with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Osteoporosis international 3 (1993), S. 37-39 
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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