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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Steric course of the reactions catalyzed by 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase, chorismate mutase, and anthranilate synthase (1985)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 107 (1985), S. 4314-4320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00300a040
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Hyperosmolality on Na, K-ATPase Gene Expression in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (1998)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 162 (1998), S. 233-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Key words: glucose — mannitol — urea — protein kinase C — tyrosine kinase — hypertonicity-response elements
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract. Cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from rat thoracic aortas were exposed to hyperosmotic media to determine the effects on Na, K-ATPase α1- and β1-mRNA expression. Hyperosmotic media (500 mOsm/kgH2O) supplemented with glucose or mannitol increased α1-mRNA levels threefold at 24 hr and β1-mRNA levels sevenfold at 12 hr. In sharp contrast, hyperosmotic urea medium had no effect at any time. Both the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide and the RNA transcription inhibitor actinomycin D reduced α1- and β1-mRNA upregulation induced by hyperosmotic glucose or mannitol media. Protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors (staurosporine A or calphostin C) or tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitors (genistein or herbimycin A) had no effect on the α1-mRNA upregulation induced by hyperosmotic glucose or mannitol media. Hyperosmotic glucose or mannitol media (500 mOsm/kgH2O) significantly increased α1- and β1-subunit protein levels and Na, K-ATPase activity, whereas hyperosmotic urea medium had no effect. Transfection experiments with the 5′-flanking sequences of the α1- or β1-subunit genes linked to the luciferase reporter gene revealed that hyperosmolar glucose medium increased luciferase activity 2.9- and 3.7-fold, respectively. Similarly, hyperosmotic mannitol medium increased such activity 2.7- and 3.4-fold, respectively. These results demonstrate that: (i) hyperosmolality induced by the poorly permeating solutes (glucose and mannitol) stimulates α1- and β1-mRNA accumulation, α1- and β1-subunit protein accumulation, and Na, K-ATPase activity, whereas the rapidly permeating solute (urea) has no effect; (ii) the upregulation of α1- and β1-mRNA in response to hyperosmotic glucose or mannitol media requires, at least in part, de novo synthesis of intermediate regulatory proteins; (iii) the hyperosmolality-induced α1-mRNA upregulation occurs through PKC- and TK-independent mechanisms, whereas the hyperosmolality-induced β1-mRNA upregulation occurs through activation of PKC and TK; and (iv) hyperosmolality induced by glucose or mannitol increases promoter activities of the α1- and β1-subunit genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002329900361
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermostable phenylalanine dehydrogenase from a mesophilic Microbacterium sp. strain DM 86-1 (1998)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 169 (1998), S. 220-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key words Phenylalanine dehydrogenase ; Microbacterium sp. strain DM 86-1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Bacteria that produced NAD+-dependent phenylalanine dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.20) were selected among l-methionine utilizers isolated from soil. A bacterial strain showing phenylalanine dehydrogenase activity was chosen and classified in the genus Microbacterium. Phenylalanine dehydrogenase was purified from the crude extract of Microbacterium sp. strain DM 86-1 (TPU 3592) to homogeneity as judged by SDS-polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. The enzyme has an isoelectric point of 5.8 and a relative molecular weight (M r) of approximately 330,000. The enzyme is composed of eight identical subunits with an M r of approximately 41,000. The apparent K m values for l-phenylalanine and NAD+ were calculated to be 0.10 mM and 0.20 mM, respectively. No loss of the enzyme activity was observed upon incubation at 55° C for 10 min.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050564
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    3-Methylaspartate ammonia-lyase as a marker enzyme of the mesaconate pathway for (S)-glutamate fermentation in Enterobacteriaceae (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 168 (1997), S. 457-463 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key words 3-Methylaspartase ; Glutamate mutase ; (S)-citramalate hydrolyase ; Enterobacteriaceae ; Citrobacter ; Morganella ; (S)-glutamate fermentation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The enzyme 3-methylaspartase (3-methylaspartate ammonia-lyase, EC 4.3.1.2) was found in the cells of enteric bacteria, especially in the genera Citrobacter and Morganella, that were grown under anoxic and oxygen-limited conditions. The enzymes were purified to homogeneity from the cell-free extracts of 18 active strains and had similar enzymological properties such as action on columns, specific activity, molecular weight, subunit structure, and N-terminal amino acid sequence similarity. The production of the enzyme was dependent on the limitation of oxygen during growth and was arrested by aeration. The addition of external electron acceptors such as dimethylsulfoxide could support cell growth and production of the enzyme. Activities of glutamate mutase (EC 5.4.99.1) and (S)-citramalate hydrolyase (EC 4.2.1.34), key enzymes of the mesaconate pathway of (S)-glutamate fermentation in the genus Clostridium, were detected in the cells of the active strains grown under oxygen-limited conditions. Based on the results, the mesaconate pathway is proposed to explain the (S)-glutamate fermentation process observed in Enterobacteriaceae, and 3-methylaspartase could be a marker enzyme for this pathway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050522
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and characterization of a bacterium possessing a novel aldoxime-dehydration activity and nitrile-degrading enzymes (1998)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 170 (1998), S. 85-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key words Aldoxime dehydration ; Synthesis ; Aldoxime ; Nitrile ; Rhodococcus sp.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A bacterial strain capable of utilizing E-pyridine-3-aldoxime as a nitrogen source was isolated from soil after a 4-month acclimation period and was identified as Rhodococcus sp. The strain contained a novel aldoxime dehydration activity that catalyzed a stoichiometric dehydration of E-pyridine-3-aldoxime to form 3-cyanopyridine. The enzyme activity was induced by various aldoximes and nitriles. The strain metabolized the aldoxime as follows: E-pyridine-3-aldoxime was dehydrated to form 3-cyanopyridine, which was converted to nicotinamide by a nitrile hydratase, and the nicotinamide was successively hydrolyzed to nicotinic acid by an amidase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050618
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning, nucleotide sequencing, and expression of the 3-methylaspartate ammonia-lyase gene from Citrobacter amalonaticus strain YG-1002 (1998)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 50 (1998), S. 468-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The gene coding for 3-methylaspartate ammonia-lyase (3-methylaspartase, MAL, EC 4.3.1.2) from Citrobacter amalonaticus strain YG-1002 (TPU 6323) was cloned onto plasmid pBluescript II KS(+), and the nucleotide sequence of the 1239-bp open reading frame (ORF), consisting of 413 codons, was identified as the mal gene coding for MAL. The predicted polypeptide has 62.5% identity with MAL from the obligate anaerobe, Clostridiumtetanomorphum NCIMB 11547. ORF1, which showed 58.6% and 58.8% identities with subunit E of the glutamate mutases of C. tetanomorphum and Clostridiumcochlearium respectively, was found in the upstream region of the mal gene. An expression plasmid pMALCA3 (5.4 kb), in which the mal gene was expressed under control of the lac promoter on the vector, was constructed. With feeding of 1 mM isopropyl β-d-thiogalactopyranoside, the amount of the enzyme in a cell-free extract of the transformant, E. coli JM109/pMALCA3, was elevated to 51 800 units/l culture, which is about 50-fold that of C. amalonaticus strain YG-1002. It was calculated that the enzyme comprised over 40% of the total extractable cellular proteins. The enzyme produced by the E. coli transformant was purified in a crystalline form and shown to be identical to that of the wild-type strain with respect to specific activity, molecular mass, subunit structure, enzymological properties, and N-terminal amino acid sequences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051322
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of carteolol in patients with impaired renal function (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 43 (1992), S. 417-421 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Carteolol ; chronic renal failure, pharmacokinetics, hypertension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In order to determine the appropriate dosage of carteolol in renal dysfunction, the pharmacokinetics of carteolol has been examined in appropriate patients. The plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of carteolol were investigated in 15 patients with varying degrees of renal impairment during the administration of 5–20 mg carteolol hydrochloride (5 mg/tablet) for 2–45 months. Plasma carteolol levels were linearly correlated with the serum creatinine concentration (r = 0.87) and reciprocally with the creatinine clearance (r = 0.82). The urinary carteolol concentration was correlated with the urinary creatinine concentration (r = 0.69) and the urinary carteolol excretion was also correlated with the creatinine clearance (r = 0.79). These relationships become even closer when the plasma carteolol concentrations and urinary excretion rate of carteolol were factored by the administered tablets. The fractional renal excretion of carteolol was virtually constant at various degress of renal function, and it always exceeded 100%, which indicates that carteolol was actively secreted, even in patients with renal failure. The estimated tubular secretion rate of carteolol was logarithmically correlated with the fractional renal excretion of carteolol (r = 0.93). The results indicate that the dose of carteolol should be determined according to the degree of renal impairment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02220619
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pharmacokinetics of fluconazole during haemodialysis in uraemic patients (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 42 (1992), S. 667-669 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Fluconazole ; haemodialysis ; fungal infection ; Uraemia pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have studied the pharmacokinetics of fluconazole in five patients on long-term haemodialysis. The single-pass extraction rate of the dialyzer was 59 (3.5) % (n=4), and the serum concentration was reduced by haemodialysis for 3 or 4 h by 26 (3.2) % (n=5) and 39 (2.2) % (n=9) respectively. The estimated amount extracted by a dialysis of 4 h was 33 (3.2) % (n=4) of the dose. During repeated administration the serum fluconazole concentration increased, reaching a plateau at about 4 times the peak concentration after the first dose. After discontinuing administration the serum fluconazole concentration fell by 25% in every 3 h dialysis session. We conclude that fluconazole should be given in the usual dose of 100 or 200 mg at the end of every haemodialysis session.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265934
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of carteolol on renal function in healthy subjects and patients with hypertension (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 36 (1989), S. 83-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: carteolol ; hypertension ; chronic renal failure ; renal function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of short- and long-term administration of carteolol on renal function has been examined in healthy subjects and in hypertensive patients with or without renal failure. In healthy subjects neither a single dose of 10 mg carteolol nor continuous administration of 20 mg/day for 7 days had any effect on creatinine clearance and renal blood flow. In all subjects the clearance rate of carteolol was about 400 ml/min and its fractional excretion of carteolol exceeded 300%, suggesting that the drug is secreted actively from renal tubules. Twenty-three hypertensive patients with or without renal dysfunction were given carteolol 10 to 20 mg/day for more than 50 weeks in addition to their standard antihypertensive regimens, which were left changed. Laboratory results were compared with the mean values of 50 weeks before and after the addition of carteolol, and none, including plasma creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and electrolytes, were significantly changed. Neither the estimated glomerular filtration rate nor the effect of the drug on blood pressure changed significantly during this prolonged treatment. It is concluded that carteolol had no effect on renal function in healthy subjects and in hypertensive patients with or without renal failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00561030
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surgical treatment of cavernous angioma involving the brainstem and review of the literature (1991)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 113 (1991), S. 138-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Cavernous angioma ; MR imaging ; brainstem ; radical surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Five cases of symptomatic cavernous angioma involving the brainstem are reported. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is of greatest value in the diagnosis and for surgical indication. All cases were treated by radical extirpation. All of them improved postoperatively. The surgical indications for this lesion of the brainstem are briefly discussed with a review of the literature, including 28 previous cases, operated on directly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01403199
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