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  • 1
    ISSN: 0162-0134
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 36 (1989), S. 167 
    ISSN: 0162-0134
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 50 (1961), S. 99-106 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Several polymers emit light when heated in the presence of oxygen. Experimental observations are made concerning the light from polypropylene. The portion of light detectable with a RCA-5819 photomultiplier tube is blue-violet in color. When polypropylene is at 180°C. the wavelengths of the light are between 3000 and 5150 A. The intensity of the light is determined by the temperature of the polymer, the concentration of oxygen in contact with the polymer surface, and the concentration and type of antioxidants present. For every photon of light emitted by polypropylene about 104 carbonyl groups are formed. The behavior of antioxidants in polypropylene, including concentration and synergistic effects, are illustrated by measurement of this light.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 2 (1962), S. 161-163 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: It was observed that light is emitted upon polymer oxidation; intensity of light is proportional to oxygen concentration on the surface and presence of an antioxidant effects the emission of light. A linear relationship was found to exist between integrated light intensity and the number of carbonyl atoms formed. In addition concentration of antioxidants present and their synergistic effects can be measured by this method.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 6 (1968), S. 743-754 
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Crystalline titanium dichloride, in the absence of organometallic cocatalyst, is a very poor catalyst for the polymerization of ethylene. It is transformed into a very active catalyst through mechanical activation (ball-milling). This catalyst is active in the absence not only of organometallic cocatalysts, but also metals and compounds (such as aluminium and AlCl3) capable of forming organometallic compounds in situ (i.e., with ethylene, before polymerization starts). Ball-milling causes not only the expected increase in surface area but also disproportionation of Ti++ to Ti+++ and metallic titanium, as well as a crystal phase change to a structure not previously identified with those of TiCl2 or TiCl3. Catalyst activity (polymerization rate) is shown to be proportional to surface area and a direct function of Ti++ content of the catalyst; an empirical equation relates catalyst activity to surface area and to Ti++ lost through disproportionation. Titanium trichloride was found to be inactive in the absence of organometallic cocatalyst, even after ball-milling. The difference in structure of the catalytically active species in the conventional Ziegler (organometallic cocatalyst) and in the titanium dichloride catalyst are discussed. The mechanism of polymerization is compared with that of the supported (CrO3 on SiO2/Al2O3 and MoO3 on Al2O3) catalyst systems.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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