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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Prostacyclin infusion ; Peripheral vascular disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twelve patients (age 33–77 years, mean age 68.4 years) with peripheral vascular disease (PVD) stage III–IV received continuous intravenous infusions of 5 ng prostacyclin (PGI2)/kg/min and physiological saline for 7 days. The administration was randomized and double-blind with an interval of 7 days between the infusions. During PGI2 infusion systolic blood pressure fell significantly from 147.8±4.8 mm Hg to 140.6±4.0 mm Hg (P〈0.01) and returned to 144.5±4.9 mm Hg post infusion. Transcutaneous p 2 O (tcp 2 O ) measured on the instep of the affected limb increased significantly by 8.9±3.8 Torr during PGI2 infusion and remained elevated during the subsequent week. A significant reduction of pain was observed from the 5th day of PGI2 infusion, lasting for at least the following observation period. Platelet cAMP increased from 18.8±1.5 pmol/108 platelets to 24.7±1.6 pmol/108 platelets on the 3rd day of PGI2 infusion (P〈0.01). Spontaneous platelet aggregation was also significantly reduced during PGI2 infusion. However, 7 days after the infusion thromboxane B2 (TXB2) in plasma and spontaneous platelet aggregation significantly increased in comparison with the preinfusion values, indicating a rebound phenomenon. The clinical outcome was favorable in 9 of 12 patients, was unchanged in two patients, while progressing to limb amputation in one patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 55 (1977), S. 489-493 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Anticoagulants ; Reocclusion of arterial vessels ; Smoking abstinence ; Streptokinase treatment ; Vascular status evaluation ; Streptokinasebehandlung ; Antikoagulantien ; Reokklusion in Arterien ; Rauchkarenz ; Gefäßstatus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 67 Patienten mit 68 durch Streptokinasebehandlung eröffneten Arterien wurden bis zu sechs Jahren später nachuntersucht. In zehn der 68 Fälle (=15%) war ein Reverschluß noch während des stationären Aufenthaltes aufgetreten. Das verbleibende Patientenkollektiv mit definitiv eröffneten Gefäßen gliederte sich in drei Gruppen: Patienten, bei denen eine Beurteilung der Gefäßverhältnisse möglich war (A), Patienten, die in der Zwischenzeit verstorben waren (B) und Patienten, bei denen aus technischen Gründen eine Ermittlung des Gefäßstatus ausgeschlossen war (C). Folgende Ergebnisse wurden in der Gruppe A ermittelt: 1 In den ersten Jahren nach der Streptokinasebehandlung stieg die Reverschlußrate stetig bis auf 21% an und schwankte bis zum 6 Jahr um diesen Wert. 2 Die A. iliaca schnitt als eröffnetes Gefäßsegment am besten ab. Ihre Reverschlußtendenz war minimal und lag über die 6 Jahre Beobachtungszeit hinweg um 0 bis 14%. 3 Die A. femoralis erreichte eine Reverschlußinzidenz von 4/15 (=27%) nach 1 Jahr, von 2/11 (=18%) nach 2 Jahren, von 2/6 (=33%) nach 3 Jahren und von 3/6 (=50%) nach 5 und 6 Jahren. 4 Die Reverschlußtendenz der Aorta bewegte sich zahlenmäßig zwischen den für die A. iliaca und A. femoralis ermittelten Raten. 5 Die konsequente und therapeutisch gut eingestellte orale Antikoagulantienbehandlung setzte die Reverschlußrate signifikant herab. Die Rauchkarenz wirkte tendenziell in gleicher Richtung, ohne allerdings das Signifikanzniveau zu erreichen.
    Notes: Summary 67 patients in whom a total of 68 arteries had been made patent by streptokinase treatment were observed for periods of up to six years. In ten of the 68 cases (=15%) reocclusion occurred while patients were still in the hospital. The remaining case material with definitely cleared vessels was divided into three groups: (A) patients in whom evaluation of the vascular status was possible; (B) patients who had died in the meantime; and (C) patients in whom the state of the vessels could not be ascertained for technical reasons. Listed below are the results obtained in Group (A): 1 The reocclusion rate showed a steady rise of up to 21% during the first three years following streptokinase treatment, and fluctuated around that value up to the end of the sixth year. 2 The iliac artery permitted the best results among the vascular segments cleared. The reocclusion rate was very low at 0 to 14% throughout the six-year observation period. 3 The femoral artery reached a reocclusion rate of 4/15 (=27%) after 1 year, of 2/11 (=18%) after 2 years, of 2/6 (=33%) after 3 years and of 3/6 (=50%) after 4 and 5 years. 4 The aortic reocclusion figure was between the figures ascertained for the iliac and femoral arteries. 5 Regular and therapeutically effective oral treatment with anticoagulants produced a significant drop in the reocclusion rate. Abstinence from smoking showed a similar trend which, however, did not reach the significance level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 53 (1975), S. 809-814 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Blood clotting ; fibrinolysis ; streptokinase ; Blutgerinnung ; Fibrinolyse ; Streptokinase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe eines Clot-Lysis-Tests war es möglich, Streptokinasekonzentrationen in Humanplasma quantitativ zu erfassen. Das Testsystem bestand aus Rinderfibrinogen, Rinderplasminogen, Human-Euglobulin, EDTA, Humanplasma (mit unbekanntem Streptokinaseanteil) und Thrombin. Plasminogen und Fibrinogen lagen stark konzentriert vor, so daß Plasminogen und Fibrinogen des zu testenden Humanplasmas keine Rolle spielten. Ein Zusatz von EDTA verhinderte, daß Gerinnungsfaktoren und Thrombocyten des auszutestenden Humanplasmas auf die Clot-Lysis-Zeit einen Einfluß nahmen. Die Fehlerbreite der Methode für 2 E Streptokinase lag beis=±0,19 E pro ml Plasma, für 5 E Streptokinase beis=±0,47 E pro ml Plasma und für 20 E Streptokinase beis=2,50 E pro ml Plasma. Plasmen von Patienten, die sich einer fibrinolytischen Therapie unterziehen mußten, wurden auf ihren Streptokinasegehalt untersucht. Es wurden Streptokinasekonzentrationen von 0,7 E bis 15 E pro ml Plasma gemessen. Die Halbwertszeit für die Elimination der Streptokinase nach Beendigung der Infusionstherapie lag bei 18 min. Der Verfall von 5 E Streptokinase pro ml Plasma wurde über einen unterschiedlichen Zeitraum (15 und 60 min, 24 und 48 Std) und Inkubation bei Zimmertemperatur und +37° C untersucht. Es zeigte sich, daß bei Zimmertemperatur eine schnelle Verarbeitung zur Vermeidung von Aktivitätsverlusten notwendig ist. Im eingefrorenen Zustand geht keine Streptokinase verloren.
    Notes: Summary A method of a quantitative determination of plasma streptokinase concentrations in patients undergoing streptokinase infusion is described. The principle of this method is based on the clot lysis time recorded by the thromboelastograph. The test clot constituents were bovine fibrin, bovine plasminogen, human euglobulin, EDTA, human plasma (of unknown streptokinase quantity) and thrombin. As rather high concentrations (fixed excess) of plasminogen (euglobulin) and fibrinogen were present in the test coagulum, no interference with changing plasminogen and fibrinogen levels of the patient's plasma was observed. Furthermore, due to high EDTA concentrations, no interaction with platelet functions and coagulation factors took place. The standard deviation in measuring 2 u streptokinase in 1 ml human plasma was determined ass=±0.19 u/ml, of 5 u streptokinase ats=±0.47 u/ml and of 20 u streptokinase ats=±2.5 u in 1 ml of human plasma. Plasma samples of patients undergoing fibrinolytic treatment were investigated with regard to their streptokinase content. Streptokinase concentration values varied between 0.7 u and 15 u/ml plasma. The average half life of streptokinase in the organism was 18 min. The decay of streptokinase in plasma at different temperatures and over various periods of time was also determined. A considerable loss of streptokinase in the plasma during storage at room temperature could be observed. Therefore, the determination procedures should be carried out without delay.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mesozooplankton collected during five summer expeditions to the Arctic Ocean between 1987 and 1991 was analysed for regional patterns in biomass and species distribution, distinguishing between an epipelagic (0–100 m) and a deeper (0–500 m) layer. A total of 58 stations was sampled mainly in the Nansen, Amundsen and Makarov Basins of the central Arctic Ocean and in areas of the Greenland Sea, West Spitsbergen Current and Barents Sea. Results from the different expeditions were combined to create a transect extending from the Fram Strait across the Eurasian Basin into the Makarov Basin. Mesozooplankton dry mass in the upper 500 m decreased from 8.4 g m−2 in the West Spitsbergen Current to less than 2 g m−2 in the high-Arctic deep-sea basins. In the central Arctic Ocean, biomass was concentrated in the upper 100 m and was dominated by the large copepods Calanus hyperboreus and C. glacialis. In contrast, the mesozooplankton in the West Spitsbergen Current was more evenly distributed throughout the upper 500 m, with C. finmarchicus as the prevailing species. The distribution of abundant mesopelagic species reflected the hydrographic regime: the calanoid copepod Gaetanus tenuispinus and the hyperiid amphipod Themisto abyssorum were most abundant in the Atlantic inflow, while Scaphocalanus magnus was a typical component of the high-Arctic fauna. The relatively high mesozooplankton biomass and the occurrence of boreal-Atlantic species in the central Arctic Ocean are indicators for the import of organic material from allochthonous sources, especially from the northern North Atlantic. Hence, in spite of its enclosure by land masses, the Arctic Ocean is characterized by an exchange of water masses and organisms with the North Atlantic, and advection processes strongly influence the distribution of plankton species in this high-latitude ecosystem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of ornithology 65 (1917), S. 87-92 
    ISSN: 1439-0361
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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