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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of CD69 on T-cells from HIV-1-infected children and adolescents increases with increasing viral load (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 158 (1999), S. 638-644 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words HIV-1 ; T-cells ; CD69 ; Activation ; Children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We evaluated the use of a whole-blood assay that measures spontaneous and activation-induced CD69 expression on peripheral blood T-cells in vitro for assessment of T-cell function in HIV-1-infected paediatric patients. Heparinized venous blood from 28 HIV-1 positive children and adolescents and 23 healthy controls was incubated for 4 h with or without 5 μg/ml phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). Thereafter, analysis of CD69 expression on CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells was done by flow cytometry; simultaneously we determined CD4+ T-cell counts and plasma HIV-1 viral load. Neither spontaneous nor PHA-induced CD69 expression differed significantly between HIV-1 positive patients and healthy controls. However, T-cells from HIV-1 positive patients with plasma HIV-1 viral load levels above 70 × 103 copies/ml showed a higher spontaneous CD69 expression than T-cells from patients with lower plasma viral load levels in different stages of the disease. Antiretroviral treatment in four patients reduced spontaneous CD69 expression in CD4+ T-cells and PHA-induced CD69 expression in CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells significantly after 8 weeks of therapy. Conclusion Spontaneous and activation-induced expression of the early (activation) antigen CD69 on peripheral blood T-cells does not distinguish HIV-1 positive patients from HIV-1 negative healthy controls and is not correlated with peripheral blood CD4+ T-cell counts. This test may not be a reliable marker for functional T-cell deficiency during early stages of HIV disease. Increased spontaneous as well as PHA-induced CD69 expression on T-cells from HIV-1-infected children and adolescents in vitro may rather reflect HIV-induced pre-activation of T-cells in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004310051167
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Haemorheological changes in uraemic children in response to erythropoietin treatment (1993)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 7 (1993), S. 777-777 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01213358
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aktuelle Empfehlungen zur antiretroviralen Therapie bei HIV-infizierten Kindern Konsensus-Statement¶der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Kinderheilkunde und Jugendmedizin,¶der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Infektiologie und¶der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Pädiatrische Immunologie (1998)
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 146 (1998), S. 1081-1091 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In den letzten 2 Jahren wurden bei der Therapie der HIV-Infektion bei Erwachsenen und Kindern dramatische Fortschritte erzielt, so daß die Erkrankung inzwischen behandelbar erscheint. Entscheidend dabei ist, daß die zur Verfügung stehenden Substanzen im Rahmen einer klaren Strategie eingesetzt werden. Die Autoren haben einen von amerikanischen Experten für die USA erarbeiteten Konsens ausführlich diskutiert und eigene Empfehlungen entwickelt, die den verantwortlichen Fachgesellschaften zur Begutachtung vorgelegt wurden. Nach diesem Konsens wird eine antiretrovirale Therapie primär entsprechend der Anzahl der HIV-Kopien im Plasma eingeleitet, sekundär entsprechend immunologischen und klinischen Kriterien. Zusätzlich müssen altersspezifische Grenzwerte für den Einsatz der Therapie berücksichtigt werden. Kriterien für die Effektivität der Therapie werden definiert und für den Fall des Scheiterns der Behandlung Alternativen aufgezeigt. Zahlreiche Medikamenteninteraktionen müssen bei der Durchführung einer antiretroviralen Therapie berücksichtigt werden. Schließlich wird aus pädiatrischer Sicht eine Empfehlung zur Reduktion der vertikalen Transmission gegeben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001120050370
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The quality of life in end stage renal disease care (1998)
    Springer
    Transplant international 11 (1998), S. S42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Key words End-stage renal ; disease ; Hemodialysis ; Kidney transplantation ; Peritoneal dialysis ; Quality of life
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The improved prognosis and survival statistics of both renal transplantation and dialysis have focused attention on the quality of life offered by these treatments. Using a standardized questionnaire, we assessed the quality of life of 612 patients undergoing renal replacement therapy at our center. Of these patients, 359 had been transplanted and 253 patients were on dialysis. Concerning the sociodemographic data, only the time on specific treatment was longer in dialysis patients than in transplanted patients (49.2 versus 55.6 months, P 〈 0.05). Most complaints were more common in dialysis patients than in transplanted patients. Only the side effects of medication were seen more in transplanted patients (P 〈 0.005). Life satisfaction was higher in transplanted patients than in dialysis patients. Dialysis patients were more anxious (P 〈 0.05) and more depressed (P 〈 0.001) than transplanted patients. Transplanted patients also felt that they had more social support than did dialysis patients. Overall life quality was almost equal between patients on hemodialysis and patients on peritoneal dialysis, and between patients on the waiting list for transplantation and those not on the waiting list. Despite a significantly better quality of life after renal transplantation, the percentage of patients working remained unchanged. (57.5 % versus 57.8 %, P = n.s.). We conclude that despite an improved quality of life after renal transplantation, these patients are economically not more productive than patients on dialysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001470050423
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prognostic value of the Banff classification (2000)
    Springer
    Transplant international 13 (2000), S. S106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Key words Banff classification ; Graft survival ; Prognostic value ; Rejection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We evaluated whether classification of renal allograft biopsies according to the Banff schema is a predictive parameter for graft survival. All patients who received renal transplants between 1980 and 1994 at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (n = 1141) were included. Patients who had undergone a renal biopsy (n = 306) were divided into groups according to the Banff classification. We observed a correlation (P 〈 0.05) between biopsy findings and the following patient characteristics: donor/recipient age, donor/recipient gender, panel reactive antibodies, maintenance immunosuppression, and primary renal disease. Compared to patients who did not undergo renal biopsy (55.9 %), 5-year graft survival was reduced in patients with moderate acute rejection defined by tubulitis (20.6 %, P = 0.03) or arteritis (0 %; P 〈 0.0001) and in patients with severe acute rejection (24.4 %, P 〈 0.0001). Conclusions: (1). The Banff classification is a predictive parameter for renal allograft survival. (2). Certain characteristics predispose patients to certain biopsy findings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001470050291
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FTY 720A mediates reduction of lymphocyte counts in human renal allograft recipients by an apoptosis-independent mechanism (2000)
    Springer
    Transplant international 13 (2000), S. S311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Key words FTY 720A ; Transplantation ; Immunosuppression ; Lymphopenia ; Apoptosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The novel immunosuppressive compound FTY 720A posseses a mode of action which is different from all other immunosuppressive drugs. The most prominent feature is a reversible decrease in peripheral lymphocyte counts observed in animal experiments. We investigated in the first human trial (phase 1) whether FTY 720A induces apoptosis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in stable renal allograft recipients. Monitoring of lymphocyte counts revealed a significant and dose-dependent decrease within 6 h post-FTY 720A dose: placebo 5.1 %; 0.25 mg 36.4 %; 0.5 mg 40.8 %; 0.75 mg 39.4 %; 1 mg 45.8 %; 2 mg 67.2 %; 3.5 mg 64.9 %. PBMC apoptosis rates did not change, as determined before intake of FTY 720A and 2 h, 6 h, 24 h and 96 h post-FTY 720A dose. We detected no significant difference in apoptosis rates between patients who received placebo or FTY 720A. However, in vitro experiments showed that high concentrations of FTY 720 A induced apoptosis in human PBMC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001470050350
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