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  • 1
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: Key words Smooth muscle cells – proliferation – cyclooxygenase-2 – PGI2– PGE1– iloprost – prostacyclin receptors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Vasodilatory prostaglandins (PGI2, PGE2, PGE1) are known inhibitors of proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) after stimulation with mitogenic factors. However, endogenous prostaglandins do not prevent SMC proliferation subsequent to vessel injury in vivo. Since vascular cells produce large amounts of antiproliferative prostaglandins, especially subsequent to COX-2 expression, insufficient vascular PGI2 formation is not likely to explain the failure of endogenous prostaglandins to prevent excessive SMC growth. In this paper we demonstrate a rapid development of tolerance to PGI2 in SMC, resulting in diminished antiproliferative activity. These findings may not only be relevant for the control of SMC growth by endogenously synthesized prostaglandins but also for clinical use of PGI2 mimetics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1165
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract: Batch sorption experiments have been carried out using two explosives, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and 1,3-dinitrobenze (DNB), and six clays of natural origin with very low fractions of organic carbon (fox). Results of these studies are depicted as Langmuir- and Henry-adsorption isotherms. The K d values of the clays show a positive relation to their exchangeable K+ content and their specific surface area. This is in good accordance with literature data which state electron donor-acceptor complexation (EDA) of nitroaromatic compounds to homoionized monomineralic clays as the driving force of adsorption. Hence this sorption mechanism yet described for homogeneous systems of clay adsorbents only can be applied to natural and thus more complex clay mineralogical systems. The K d values of TNT are about a factor of 1,6 greater than those of DNB and cover a range between 0,4–1,8.
    Notes: Kurzfassung: In Batchversuchen wurden sechs Tone sehr geringen C org -Gehaltes und drei Sande mit 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluol- (TNT) und 1,3-Dinitrobenzollösungen (DNB) unterschiedlicher Konzentrationen versetzt und geschüttelt. Anhand der Ergebnisse dieser Versuche wurden Henry- und Langmuir-Adsorptionsisothermen erstellt. Bei den Tonen ergeben sich durchschnittlich um den Faktor 1,6 höhere K d -Werte für TNT (0,4–1,8) gegenüber DNB (0,2–1,3). Die Sande zeigen diesen Effekt der stärkeren Adsorption von TNT aufgrund ihrer geringeren reaktiven Oberfläche und zum Teil durch den Einfluß hydrophober Adsorption nicht. Die K d -Werte der Tone weisen eine positive Abhängigkeit von der K + -Ionenkonzentration und der spezifischen Oberfläche auf. Diese Ergebnsise stehen mit der in der Literatur beschriebenen Adsorption von Nitroaromaten an homoionisch belegten, monomineralischen Tonen via Elektronen-Donator-Akzeptor-Komplexierung (EDA) in Einklang. Dieser bisher nur an homogenen Systemen beschriebene Sorptionsmechanismus kann folglich auch auf differenziert beladene und tonmineralogisch komplexere Systeme angewendet werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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