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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 633 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 260 (1976), S. 54-56 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 One of two pairs of axons (arrowed) seen in transverse section through the base of the antenna at the level indicated in the inset. At 105 h of embryonic life at 30 C. Scale: 1.25 µm. Before it rotates round the egg at blastokinesis8 the locust embryo consists of a segmented band of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 3 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In a double-blind parallel-group study, 98 patients with symptomatic duodenal ulcer received omeprazole 20 mg o.m. and 91 cimetidine 800 mg nocte for 2 or, if then not healed, 4 weeks. After 2 weeks the healing rates on an intention-to-treat basis were: for omeprazole 62% and for cimetidine 33% (P 〈 0.001), and at 4 weeks 85% and 61%, respectively (P 〈 0.001). The proportions symptom-free at 2 weeks were 83% of the omeprazole and 63% of the cimetidine-group (P 〈 0.01) and at 4 weeks 84% and 72% (P= 0.01). Patients receiving omeprazole took fewer antacid tablets than those receiving cimetidine. Patient tolerance of both drugs was similar and good. In the treatment of duodenal ulcer, omeprazole 20 mg o.m. gives faster symptom relief than cimetidine 800 mg nocte, as well as healing a greater proportion of ulcers within 2 and 4 weeks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This study was designed to establish whether 40 mg omeprazole once daily exhibits sufficient additional efficacy over that of 20 mg omeprazole once daily in patients with symptomatic reflux oesophagitis requiring more than an initial 4-week course of 20 mg omeprazole once daily (o.m.) to warrant routine use of the higher dose. Three hundred and thirteen patients were randomized to receive either 20 mg omeprazole (4 weeks) then 20 mg (second 4 weeks if not both healed and symptom-free after 4 weeks), or 20 mg omeprazole (4 weeks) then 40 mg omeprazole o.m. (second 4 weeks). One hundred and twenty-seven patients were healed and symptom-free after 4 weeks and left the study at that point. Taking the second treatment period in isolation, the healing rate (64%vs. 45%, P 〈 0.02) and relief of heartburn (72%vs. 60%, P 〈 0.002) were greater among patients receiving 40 mg omeprazole o.m., demonstrating the existence of a dose–response relationship for omeprazole. However, on completion, there were no significant differences between the patients randomized to the 20/20 mg (healed 65%, asymptomatic 69%) or the 20/40 mg (healed 74%, asymptomatic 74%: both not significant differences compared with 20/20 mg) regimens. The magnitude of the difference in efficacy between 20 and 40 mg omeprazole in symptomatic reflux oesophagitis is insufficient to warrant the routine use of 40 mg in patients requiring more than 4 weeks' treatment with 20 mg omeprazole o.m.; continued treatment with 20 mg omeprazole for 4–8 weeks is the preferred option.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: As many as 50% of patients with reflux symptoms have no endoscopic evidence of oesophagitis. This multicentre study was designed to assess symptom relief after omeprazole 20 mg once daily in patients with symptoms typical of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease but without endoscopic evidence of oesophagitis. Methods: Patients (n=209) were randomized in a double-blind study to receive either omeprazole 20 mg once daily (n=98) or placebo (n=111) for 4 weeks. Symptoms were assessed at clinic visits and using daily diary cards, with patient-completed questionnaires providing additional data on symptoms and on psychological disturbance. Results: On completion, symptom relief favoured omeprazole: 57% of patients on omeprazole were free of heartburn (vs. 19% on placebo), 75% were free of regurgitation (47%) and 43% were completely asymptomatic (14%), each with P〈0.0001. Fewer patients in the omeprazole group required alginate/antacid relief medication (P〈0.05). Symptom relief (time to first heartburn-free day) was more rapid with omeprazole (2 vs. 5 days on placebo; P〈0.01). A greater reduction in anxiety occurred in the omeprazole group (P〈0.05). Conclusion: Omeprazole 20 mg once daily is effective in providing relief of the symptoms typical of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in patients with essentially normal oesophageal mucosa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aims: To compare the efficacy, safety and tolerability of an omeprazole/amoxycillin (OA) dual therapy Helicobacter pylori eradication regimen with an omeprazole/amoxycillin/metronidazole (OAM) triple therapy regimen. Methods: In this double-blind trial, conducted in 19 hospitals, 119 patients with symptomatic duodenal ulcer disease were randomized to receive either 14 days treatment with omeprazole 40 mg daily, amoxycillin 500 mg t.d.s. and placebo followed by a further 14 days’treatment with omeprazole 20 mg daily (n= 59) or 14 days treatment with omeprazole 40 mg daily, amoxycillin 500 mg t.d.s., and metronidazole 400 mg t.d.s., followed by a further 14 days’treatment with omeprazole 20 mg daily (n= 60). H. pylori status was assessed by 13C-urea breath test at entry and at 4 weeks post-treatment. Results: H. pylori infection was eradicated in 46% of the OA treated patients and in 92% of the OAM treated patients, a mean difference of 46% (P 〈 0.0001, 95% CI for the difference: + 30 to + 62). In only one patient was the duodenal ulcer not endoscopically healed after 4 weeks of treatment (OA 100%; OAM 98% healed). There were no significant differences in speed of symptom relief or improvement in symptoms between the two groups. Both regimens were well tolerated, with 96% of patients completing the course, and only one patient withdrawing due to an adverse event. The only side-effect with a significantly higher incidence in the OAM group was diarrhoea, which occurred in 36% of patients compared to 16% of patients in the OA group (P 〈 0.05). Conclusions: A regimen consisting of omeprazole 40 mg daily, amoxycillin 500 mg t.d.s. and metronidazole 400 mg t.d.s. for 14 days gives an appreciably higher H. pylori eradication rate than omeprazole and amoxycillin alone, with acceptable tolerability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Previous studies have demonstrated greater efficacy for omeprazole compared with cimetidine in patients with endoscopically verified oesophagitis, but excluded the substantial group of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients with reflux symptoms but without endoscopic abnormality. This prospective, randomized, double-blind study compared omeprazole and cimetidine in the treatment of GERD-associated heartburn both in patients with symptomatic non-ulcerative oesophagitis and in those with heartburn but without oesophagitis. Methods: A total of 221 patients with heartburn and oesophageal mucosa grade 0 (normal, n = 51), 1 (no macroscopic erosions, n = 52), 2 (isolated erosions, n = 97) or 3 (confluent erosions, n = 21) were randomized to receive double-blind either omeprazole 20 mg daily or cimetidine 400 mg q.d.s. for a period of 4 weeks. Those still symptomatic after 4 weeks of treatment received omeprazole 20 mg daily for a further 4 weeks. Results: There was no correlation between severity of heartburn and endoscopic grade at entry (correlation coefficient = 0.196). After 4 weeks of treatment, the proportion of patients in whom heartburn was controlled (no more than mild symptoms on no more than 1 day in the previous 7) on omeprazole (66%; 74/112) was more than double that on cimetidine (31%; 34/109) (P 〈 0.0001). There was no significant difference between the relief of heartburn in the 47% of patients without unequivocal oesophagitis (endoscopic grade 0 or 1) and in the 53% of patients with erosive oesophagitis (grade 2 or 3) (P = 0.31). Only treatment with omeprazole (P 〈 0.0001) and lower severity of heartburn at entry (P 〈 0.01) were significant in predicting heartburn relief. Amongst those patients requiring an additional 4 weeks of treatment with omeprazole, 67% (54/81) reported that their heartburn was controlled after 8 weeks of treatment. Conclusion: We conclude that omeprazole is superior to cimetidine for the relief of all grades of heartburn in GERD, whether or not the patient has unequivocal endoscopic oesophagitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aim: To determine the effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication with omeprazole and amoxycillin, with or without metronidazole, on the 12-month course of duodenal ulcer disease. Methods: In a randomized, double-blind study, conducted in 19 hospitals, 105 H. pylori positive duodenal ulcer patients were healed and symptom-free following either omeprazole dual therapy (omeprazole 40 mg o.m.+amoxycillin 500 mg t.d.s., OA, eradication rate 46%, n=52) or omeprazole triple therapy (omeprazole 40 mg o.m.+amoxycillin 500 mg t.d.s.+metronidazole 400 mg t.d.s., OAM, eradication rate 92%, n=53) for 2 weeks, followed by 2 weeks of omeprazole 20 mg o.m. and a 12-month untreated follow-up period, after which time all patients were endoscoped. Endoscopic and symptomatic relapse rates, and effect on H. pylori status measured using 13C-urea breath test, were determined. Results: During the 12-month untreated follow-up period, the life-table endoscopic relapse rates were 12% (95% CI: 2–22%) and 2% (95% CI: 0–6%) for OA and OAM patients, respectively. By 12 months, life-table symptomatic relapse rates were 22% (95% CI: 13–37%) and 19% (95% CI: 8–30%) for OA and OAM, respectively. In the 12 months untreated follow-up period, 2/69 (3%, 95% CI: 0–7%) patients rendered H. pylori negative had an endoscopic relapse at the end of the 12-month follow-up period, compared with 5/31 (16%, 95% CI: 3–29%) patients remaining H. pylori positive (P=0.03 between H. pylori positive and negative groups). Twelve of 69 (17%, 95% CI: 8–26%) patients rendered H. pylori negative relapsed symptomatically, compared with 9/31 (29%, 95% CI: 13–45%) patients remaining H. pylori positive (P= N.S. between groups). There was a significant improvement in epigastric pain (P=0.0001), nausea and vomiting (P〈0.05) between entry to the study and 1, 6 and 12 months post-treatment for both treatment groups. Conclusions: OAM eradicates H. pylori in significantly more patients than OA, but successful H. pylori eradication with either OAM or OA predisposes to low endoscopic and symptomatic relapse rates for duodenal ulcer patients when followed up for 12 months.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Eight of 36 children receiving maintenance chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma had liver biopsies on the basis of clinical abnormalities and/or elevated serum enzyme levels. Six biopsies were abnormal, including one in a boy with spider naevi who showed micronodular cirrhosis; he appeared to retain methotrexate in the blood for a prolonged period and his SGOT level did not return to normal for 19 months after maintenance chemotherapy was discontinued. The five other abnormal biopsies showed minor changes in the portal tracts. The six children with abnormal liver histology showed a wide variation in their early handling of an oral methotrexate dose. There was a statistically significant rise in mean SGOT and alkaline phosphatase during treatment, but the wide scatter in values precluded their use as accurate indicators of liver damage in these children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 32 (1976), S. 451-452 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The axons of motorneurons in rotated cockroach ganglia grow into the limb opposite the one they normally innervate and appear to synapse with appropriate muscles. Apparently the classification of motorneurons is duplicated about the mid-line.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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