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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 16 (1985), S. 84-86 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 12 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The stability of the formaldehyde-releaser preservative Dowicil 200 has been investigated. The studies were carried out on cosmetic emulsions preserved with different concentrations of Dowicil 200, stored in the dark at 45°C or 25°C. The degree of microbiological activity was tested with respect to S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli and A. niger using the agar diffusion and challenge tests. The chemical stability was evaluated by HPLC in the reverse phase mode. A significant preservative instability was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 16 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The aim of this work was to verify if a close relationship exists between the physical stability of an emulsion and the chemical stability of vitamin A palmitate included in it. Oil-in-water cosmetic emulsions with high viscoelastic properties were prepared, and their rheological behaviour was investigated in oscillatory conditions. The stability of each sample was verified in high-temperature stress conditions: periodical checks of physical parameters and chromatographic analysis of vitamin A were performed during storage. Results show that the chemical stability of vitamin A palmitate strictly depends on the physical stability of the formulation and in particular on the presence of a coherent gel-like structure in the external phase of the emulsion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 16 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The kinetics of decomposition of the sodium salt of dehydroacetic acid (DHA.Na) in presence of formaldehyde and formaldehyde donors was investigated. The possibility of preparing systems capable of providing the cosmetic preparation with increasing amounts of DHA.Na corresponding to portions interacted with formaldehyde was explored. Data relevant to matrices prepared from ethylcellulose and polyethylene by casting and moulding process, respectively, are reported and discussed. Experimental data demonstrate the possibility of preparing polymeric systems able to control in terms of rate and duration the relase of DHA.Na, according to time and concentration needs of a typical cosmetic formulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 7 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To assess ocular irritancy caused by chemical and cosmetic products a reliable method based on evaluation of histamine (Hm) in tears is presented. Hm is measured at picomole levels by HPLC and fluorimetric detection after fluorescamine-HM derivatization. In order to avoid any uncontrolled irritation and stimulation of the conjunctiva during sample collection, a procedure of conjunctiva lavage was developed. A balanced salt solution (50 μl) containing a known amount of Hm-fluorophore as reference standard is instilled in the conjunctiva fornix. After a few seconds 20 μl of tear fluid is collected: 10 μl are immediately analysed and 10 μl after derivatization reaction. In this way it is possible to evaluate tear dilution and to assess Hm content in less than 10 minutes.In a group of 20 normal subjects Hm has been determined in comparison with that of two volunteers after topical application of 50 μ of 0.2% and 0.4% sodium lauryl sulphate solution. A contact of 30 seconds of the cosmetic ingredient caused an immediate dose-dependent Hm release through a direct cytotoxic damage of cell membranes due to the surfactant action.Évaluation de l'irritation occulaire due aux cosmétiques par la détermination de l'histamine lacrimale
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 16 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This paper reports preliminary results of a study carried out on liquid crystal emulsions added to three different inorganic sunscreens: ultrafine zinc oxide, ultrafine titanium dioxide (inorganic-treated) and ultrafine titanium dioxide (organic-treated hydrophobically).The aim of the work was to investigate the influence of chemico-physical properties of inorganic sunscreens on the microstructure of cosmetic emulsions. The study was carried out using three different techniques: rheological measurements performed in dynamic conditions, to study the homogeneity of samples and their structural features; dispersion of powders in emulsions by optical microscopy and SEM/EDX analysis; and functionality of emulsions by UV spectroscopy, with adhesive tape as substrate.Results show that the different chemico-physical properties of the micropigments lead to different interactions with emulsion components; these interactions may affect the functionality and microstructure of the whole system, with loss of stability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 10 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The results of a chemical/microbiological comparative study on different preservative mixtures are reported. The aim of the investigation was to ascertain whether there was a correlation between chemical stability and microbiological activity.The studies were carried out directly in cosmetic emulsions preserved with different mixtures of Prevan, Bronopol, Germall 115 and Kathon CG.The degree of microbiological activity was tested with respect to E. coli, Ps. aeruginosa, Asp. niger, S. aureus using the agar diffusion test, over a period of 400 days.The chemical behaviour of the different mixtures was evaluated by HPLC in reverse phase mode. The emulsion samples were directly injected after dilution with a THF/H2O) (9/1) solvent mixture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 10 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Dehydroacetic acid sodium salt Prevan (DHANa) stability in presence of other cosmetic preservatives as Bronopol, Germall 115 and Kathon CG was investigated through a HPLC method that permits simultaneous determination of binary and ternary mixtures of the above preservatives.A new molecule coresponding to 3,7–dimethyl-1H, 9H, 10H, dipyrano (4,3-b: 3',4'-e) pyran-1, 9-dione has been discovered to be spontaneously formed between DHA and free or released formaldehyde. Its structure has been established by means of elemental analysis, NMR and mass spectrometry aswell as its chromatographic and antimicrobial behaviour.The magnesium salt present as stabilizer in the Kathon CG solution can also cause the formation of insoluble magnesium salt from DHANa.The ascertained chemical interaction among these preservatives is therefore discussed as a function of their cosmetic application.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Résumé: La stabilité de l'acide dehydroacééique de sel de sodium Prevan—(DHANa) a étéétudiée par la méthode HPLC en prééence d'autres conservateurs cosmétiques tels que le Bronopol, Germall 115 et Kathon CG, ce qui a permis une détermination simultanée des mélanges binaires et ternaires des conservateuis ci-dessus. Quelques interactions importantes ont été découvertes.Une nouvelle molécule correspondant à 3,7-dimethyl-1H, 9H, 10H, dipyrano (4,3-b: 3',4'-e)pyran-1, 9-dione a été découverte. Cette molécule se forme spontanément entre le DHA et le formaldehyde libre ou produit. Sa structure a étéétablie par des moyens d'analyse élementaires, NMR et spectrometrie de masse ainsi que grâce a son comportement chromatographique et antimicrobien.Le sel de magnésium présent en tant que stabilisateur dans les solutions de Kathon CG peut également inactiver DHANa par la formation d'un sel de magnésium insoluble.Par conséquent, la constatation des interactions chimiques parmi ces conservateurs est discutée comme étant une fonction de leur application cosmétique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 310 (1984), S. 390-395 
    ISSN: 0378-4347
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 3 (1985), S. 581-587 
    ISSN: 0731-7085
    Keywords: Kathon CG ; P. aeruginosa contamination ; direct electron impact (DEI) mass spectrometry. ; isothiazolinone preservative ; second derivative spectroscope
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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