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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Analytica Chimica Acta 117 (1980), S. 91-98 
    ISSN: 0003-2670
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Analytica Chimica Acta 112 (1979), S. 45-54 
    ISSN: 0003-2670
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0003-2670
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0168-9002
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: beneficial arthropods ; entomopathogenic fungi ; natural enemies ; parasitoids ; predators ; side effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The side effect of 10 insecticides, 5 fungicides and 5 herbicides on 24 different species of beneficial organisms was tested by members of the Working Group ‘Pesticides and Beneficial Organisms’ of the International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC), West Palaearctic Regional Section (WPRS). The tests were conducted by 32 members in 12 countries according to internationally approved guidelines. The microbial insecticides Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Delfin), B. thuringiensis var. tenebrionis (Novodor) and Verticillium lecanii (Micro Germin), the fungicides cyproconazol (Alto), difenoconazol (Score), lecithin (Bioblatt Mehltau) and penconazol (Omnex), and the herbicides ethofumesat (Tramat), fluroxypyr (Starane), haloxyfop (Gallant), isoproturon (Arelon) and metamitron (Goltix) were harmless to nearly all the beneficial arthropods. The benzoylurea's teflubenzuron (Nomolt) and flufenoxuron (Cascade) affected predators such as anthocorids, earwigs, coccinellids and lacewings. The remaining preparations were more toxic and should therefore be further tested in semi-field and field experiments on relevant organisms. Most tested fungicides were toxic for the entomopathogenic fungi.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1433-044X
    Keywords: Key words PLLA • Biofix • Ankle fracture • Sterile sinus ; Schlüsselwörter PLLA • Biofix • Knöchelfraktur • Sterile Knochenhöhle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde eine randomisierte klinische Prospektivstudie durchgeführt, um den Einsatz von selbstverstärkten absorbierbaren Verbindungen (Biofix) zur Fixierung von Knöchelfrakturen zu bewerten. Mit dieser Studie sollte nachgewiesen werden, daß bei der Fixierung mit Biofix-Stäben und Schrauben die gleichen Ergebnisse erzielt werden wie bei der standardmäßigen AO-Fixierung. Die Biofix-Stäbe und Schrauben bieten folgende Vorteile: Kostensenkung, da keine Nachoperation erforderlich ist, Verhinderung von Spannungsabschirmung und dadurch Reduzierung des Risikos von Knochenporosität. Im Rahmen der Studie wurden Patienten im Alter zwischen 16 und 75 Jahren mit geschlossenen Nichtsplitterfrakturen des Malleolus lateralis und/oder medialis und Luxation der Frakturfragmente von über 2 mm untersucht; 22 Patienten wurden mit Biofix-Stäben und Schrauben behandelt, während die 19 Patienten umfassende Kontrollgruppe mit einer Standardtechnik behandelt wurde. Nach 3, 6 und 12 Monaten wurden Röntgenaufnahmen gemacht. Gleichzeitig erfolgte eine Bewertung der funktionellen Ergebnisse gemäß den Kriterien nach Olerud und Molander. 2 Patienten wurden aus nichtmedizinischen Gründen aus der Testgruppe herausgenommen; 22 vor 2 oder mehr Jahren operierte Patienten (12 aus der Biofix-Gruppe, 10 aus der AO-Gruppe) wurden kontaktiert, um festzustellen, ob sich seit der letzten Untersuchung Komplikationen ergeben haben. In 4 Fällen brach während des Einsetzens eine Biofix-Schraube kurz hinter dem Kopf ab. Das hatte keine negativen Auswirkungen auf die Fixierung der Fraktur. Es traten keine frühen postoperativen Komplikationen auf. Die funktionellen und radiologischen Ergebnisse waren in beiden Gruppen gleich. In 3 Fällen entwickelte sich eine sterile Knochenhöhle auf der Seite, auf der die Schrauben eingesetzt wurden. Biofix-Stäbe und Schrauben aus Polymilchsäure stellen eine gute Alternative für die Fixierung von Knöchelfrakturen dar. Die Verwendung von resorbierbarem Frakturfixierungsmaterial bietet den Vorteil, daß keine Nachoperation zur Entfernung des osteosynthetischen Materials erforderlich ist. Die Langzeitergebnisse sind gut. Es besteht jedoch die Möglichkeit, daß sich eine Gewebereaktion auf das resorbierbare Material entwickelt.
    Notes: Summary A prospective randomized clinical trial was performed to evaluate the use of self-reinforced absorbable composites (Biofix) in the fixation of ankle fractures. The aim of this study was to demonstrate that fixation with Biofix rods and screws is as good as the standard A. O. fixation. The benefits of Biofix rods and screws are: a reduction in costs since no secondary operation is needed, prevention of stress-shielding and thereby diminishing the risk of bone porosity. Patients aged between 16 and 75 years old with closed, non-comminuted fractures of the lateral and/or medial malleolus and dislocation of the fracture fragments greater thean 2 mm were included in the study. 22 patients were treated with Biofix rods and screws and the control group of 19 patients with a standard technique. After 3, 6 and 12 months, rontgenograms were taken. At the same time functional results were evaluated following the criteria of Olerud and Molander. Two patients were withdrawn from the trial for non-medical reasons. 22 patients (12 from the Biofix group, 10 from the AO group) operated two or more years ago were contacted to see if any complications had occured since they were last seen. In 4 cases a Biofix screw broke down just beneath the head during insertion. This did not result in an insufficient fixation of the fracture. There were no early post-operative complications. The functional and rontgenological results in both groups were equal. In three cases a sterile sinus developed at the site of screw insertion. Biofix rods and screws, made of polylactic acid, are a good alternative for the fixation of fractures of the ankle. The use of resorbable fracture fixation material has the advantage that a second operation to remove osteosynthesis material is not necessary. The long term results are good. There is, however, a possibility of development of tissue reaction to the resorbable material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Quantitative methods are necessary for an objective evaluation of fracture healing. Three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) for the measurement of callus volume and density could be such a method and was investigated in an animal model. In 23 goats a closed tibial fracture was created and stabilized with a cast. The animals were killed at 2, 4 and 6 weeks for radiographical, CT and biomechanical analysis. From the CT scans a three-dimensional reconstruction of the callus was made to measure its volume and mean density. At 2 weeks the callus volume had already reached its maximum. In contrast, callus density, torsional strength and torsional stiffness increased over time (P 〈 0.0001, analysis of variance, ANOVA). Multiple regression analysis showed that the callus volume was not related to the torsional properties. However, callus density was a significant explanatory variable for both torsional strength (R 2 = 0.72, P 〈 0.0001) and torsional stiffness (R 2 = 0.82, P 〈 0.0001). Therefore, callus density as measured by three-dimensional CT is a predictor of the extent of fracture consolidation. CT with three-dimensional reconstruction of the callus seems a valid technique for the quantification of fracture healing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ein Computersystem wurde beschrieben, das sich für die Automatisierung analytischer Verfahren eignet. Programm und Arbeitsweise für Redox-Titrationen höchster Präzision (z. B. die Bestimmung von Uran) und für Bestimmungen von Fluorid und Chlorid mittels ionen-selektiver Elektroden wurden angegeben.
    Notes: Summary The computer system described is suitable for automation of many operations in a classical (wet) analytical laboratory. Programs and procedures are given for high-accuracy redox titrations (e. g. the determination of uranium) and for determination of F- and Cl-by means of ion-selective electrodes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental and applied acarology 18 (1994), S. 241-245 
    ISSN: 1572-9702
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 50 (1989), S. 47-51 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Neoseiulus barkeri (Amblyseius mckenziei) ; Amblyseius cucumeris ; Thrips tabaci ; biological control ; attack success ; prey defence ; predation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Neoseiulus barkeri (= Amblyseius mckenziei) und Amblyseius cucumeris (Acari: Phytoseiidae) werden zur Bekämpfung von Thrips tabaci (Insecta: Thripidae) in Gewächshauskulturen eingesetzt. Sowohl der Ernährungszustand der räuberischen Milben als auch die Grösse der Thripslarven haben Einfluss auf das Ausmass der Beutenahme. Die Prädatoren sind erfolgreicher, wenn sie eine Zeitlang ohne Nahrung gehalten wurden. Beim Zusammentreffen mit einer ausgehungerten Raubmilbe besteht für Thripslarven des zweiten Stadiums ein geringeres Risiko erbeutet und gefressen zu werden als für Larven des ersten Stadiums. T. tabaci Larven mindern den Angriffserfolg der Prädatoren durch kräftiges Hin- und Herschlagen des Abdomens und durch Abgabe eines Tropfens Rektalflüssigkeit. Wird dieses Abwehrverhalten der Larven durch Anaästhesie mit CO2 verhindert, erhöht sich der Angriffserfolg der Prädatoren. Anästhesie nivelliert jedoch nicht das für beide Larvenstadien unterschiedlich hohe Risiko erbeutet zu werden. Mögliche Ursachen für diesen Unterschied werden diskutiert. Die Verfügbarkeit geeigneter Beutetiere hängt ab von der zeitlichen Entwicklung der Altersstruktur ihrer Population. Das Angebot an wirklich geeigneten Beutetieren kan also unter Umständen geringer sein, als dies die Gesamtthripsdichte zunächst vermuten lässt. Ist das der Fall, dürften alternative Nahrungsquellen für die Ernährung der Prädatorenpopulation wichtig sein.
    Notes: Abstract Neoseiulus barkeri (= Amblyseius mckenziei) and Amblyseius cucumeris (Acari:Phytoseiidae) are used as control agents of Thrips tabaci (Insecta:Thripidae) in greenhouse crops. Their success in capturing prey larval stages is related to both the feeding state of the predators and to the size of the larvae. When starved, predators are more successful in seizing larvae. Upon contact with a starved predator second stage prey larvae incur a lower death risk than first stage larvae. The larvae of T. tabaci reduce the attack success of their predators by jerking the abdomen and by producing a drop of rectal fluid. When this defensive behaviour is prevented by anaesthetising the larvae with CO2, predator attack success increases. Anaesthesia does not, however, level out the difference in death risk of the two larval stages. Conceivable causes for this discrepancy are discussed. Availability of suitable prey is dependent on the dynamics of the age structure of the prey population and, hence, may be lower than total thrips density suggests. If so, alternative food sources may be important to maintain the predator population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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