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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 654 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 98 (1989), S. 203-206 
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Place conditioning ; Motivation ; Aversion ; Opioids, μ-, δ- and κ-receptors ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The role of central versus peripheral opioid receptors in mediating the aversive effects of opioids was examined by use of an unbiased place preference conditioning procedure in rats. The non-selective opioid antagonist naloxone (NLX) produced conditioned aversions for the drug-associated place after subcutaneous (SC) as well as intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration. Place aversions were also observed in response to the ICV administration of the selective μ-antagonist CTOP. In contrast, the selective δ-antagonist ICI 174,864 and the selective κ-antagonist norbinaltorphimine (nor-BNI) (ICV) were without effect. Place aversions were also produced by central applications of the selective κ-agonist U50,488H and the dynorphin derivative E-2078. For those opioid ligands tested, the doses required to produce place aversions were substantially lower following ICV as compared to SC administration. These data confirm that κ-agonists and opioid antagonists produce aversive states in the drug-naive animal and demonstrate that this effect is centrally mediated. Furthermore, the ability of NLX and CTOP, in contrast to both ICI 174,864 and nor-BNI, to produce place aversions suggests that the aversive effects of opioid antagonists result from the blockade of μ-receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 338 (1988), S. 392-396 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: β-Endorphin-(1-27) ; Opioids ; Place conditioning ; β-Endorphin ; μ-, δ-, κ-, ε-Receptors ; Motivation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A place preference conditioning procedure was used to characterize the motivational effects of β-endorphin-(1-27), a naturally occurring fragment of β-endorphin (β-EP). The intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of β-EP, selective μ-(DAGO) or δ-(DPDPE) opioid receptor agonists to rats produced marked preferences for the drug-associated place, whereas the selective κ-opioid receptor agonist, U-50488H produced conditioned aversions. ICV injections of the β-EP-(1-27) (5–20 μg), however, resulted in no preference for either the drug- or vehicle-associated place. Pretreatment with β-EP-(1-27) (10 μg) eliminated the place preference produced by β-EP. It abolished the place preferences induced by both DAGO and DPDPE but did not modify the effects of either U-50488H or the psychostimulant d-amphetamine. These data demonstrate that β-EP-(1-27) selectively antagonizes the motivational effects of μ- and β-opioid agonists and suggest that this fragment may function as an endogenous antagonist of the reinforcing effects of opioid agonists in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Place conditioning ; SCH-23390 ; A-69024 ; D-1 receptor ; N. accumbens ; Mesolimbic system ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An unbiased place preference conditioning procedure was used to examine the secondary reinforcing effects of selective D-1 dopamine (DA) receptor antagonists and the neuroanatomical substrates mediating these effects. Systemic administration of SCH-23390 or the non-benzazepine D-1 receptor antagonist A-69024 produced dose-related conditioned aversions for the drug-associated place. In contrast, the D-2 antagonists spiperone and (−)sulpiride were without effect. SCH-23390-induced place aversions were also observed after intracerebroventricular administration. The minimum dose producing this effect was significantly lower than that after systemic injection. Aversive effects were also observed after microinjection of SCH-23390 into the n. accumbens. In contrast, microinjections of this antagonist into the ventral tegmental area, caudate putamen or medial prefrontal cortex were without effect. These data confirm that the blockade of D-1 but not D-2 DA receptors induces aversive states. Furthermore, they suggest that D-1 receptors in the n. accumbens may play an important role in the regulation of non-drug induced affective states.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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