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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A gene belonging to the Sm family of snRNP core proteins maps within the mouse MHC (1997)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 46 (1997), S. 427-430 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050297
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The possible role of assignment catalysts in the origin of the genetic code (1982)
    Springer
    Origins of life and evolution of the biospheres 12 (1982), S. 181-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0875
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract A model is presented for the emergence of a primitive genetic code through the selection of a family of proteins capable of executing the code and catalyzing their own formation from polynucleotide templates. These proteins are assignment catalysts capable of modulating the rate of incorporation of different amino acids at the position of different codons. The starting point of the model is a polynucleotide based polypeptide construction process which maintains colinearity between template and product, but may not maintain a coded relationship between amino acids and codons. Among the primitive proteins made are assumed to be assignment catalysts characterized by structural and functional parameters which are used to formulate the production kinetics of these catalysts from available templates. Application of the model to the simple case of two letter codon and amino acid alphabets has been analyzed in detail. As the structural, functional, and kinetic parameters are varied, the dynamics undergoes many bifurcations, allowing an initially ambiguous system of catalysts to evolve to a coded, self-reproductive system. The proposed selective pressure of this evolution is the efficiency of utilization of monomers and energy. The model also simulates the qualitative features of suppression, in which a deleterious mutation is partly corrected by the introduction of translational error.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00927144
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The origin of the genetic code (1984)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 26 (1984), S. 87-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The problem of code origin is presented in the context of increasingly complex events in the origin of life. The likely sequence of events appears to progress from abiotic synthesis of biological monomers to polymers to formation of protocells, which would be capable of competition and further evolution. We propose that rate of polymer formation was a critical controlling parameter of rate of protocell propagation. This would lead to selection of autocatalytic and mutually catalytic reactions of polymer formation. Primitive proteins would catalyze polynucleotide formation, and polynucleotides could be used as anvils of noncoded polypeptide synthesis. Proteins that could catalyze this latter reaction (assignment catalysts) would play an important role in subsequent evolution of a genetic code. Competing populations of assignment catalysts would possess very nonlinear dynamics of production of the catalysts themselves. An analysis of this dynamics shows that it has a rich family of bifurications which would provide a pathway for gradual approach to a genetic code. The selection criterion in this process would be efficiency of utilization of monomers and energy for the production of assignment catalysts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qua.560260711
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinase activity and genetic characterization of a growth related antigen of Drosophila (1991)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 12 (1991), S. 188-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Protein kinase ; serine-threonine kinase ; cDNA cloning ; gene location ; deficiency mapping ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The Drosophila developmental antigen recognized by the monoclonal antibody F7D6 is expressed in dividing embryonic and imaginal cells but is lost from all differentiating fissues except electrogenic cells of the nervous system and spontaneously contracting muscles. The 63 kDa antigen is associated with the inner surface of plasma membranes and is expressed in several classes of fumorous mutants of Drosophila. The monoclonal antibody was used for immunoprecip-itating the antigen for biochemical characterization and for screening expression vector cDNA libraries. Here we report that this oncodevelopmental antigen is a phosphoprotein and a serine-threonine specific protein kinase. A 1.6 kb cDNA isolated by immunological screening of an ovarian library hybridized to a single band on polytene chromosomes, localizing the gene to 72F on the left arm of the third chromosome. Immunofluorescence assays of deficiency stocks in the region confirmed the location of the gene and identity of the cDNA clone, and mapped the gene between the left breakpoints of Df(3L) st1100.62 and Df(3L) sti7, i.e., between 72F3-7 and 73A1-2. The biochemical and genetic properties indicate that this is a novel growth-related kinase of Drosophila.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020120303
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in protein synthetic activity in early Drosophila embryos mutat for the segmentation gene Krüppel (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 9 (1988), S. 699-713 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Krüppel embryos ; gap gene ; segmentation gene ; two-dimensional gels ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We have identified early embryo proteins related to the segmentation gene Krüppel by [35S]methionine pulse labelling and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Protein synthesis differences shared by homozygous embryos of two Krüppel alleles when compared to heterozygous and wild-type embryos are reported. The study was extended to syncytial blastoderm stages by pulse labelling and gel analysis of single embryos, using Krüppel specific proteins from gastrula stages as molecular markers for identifying homozygous Krüppel embryos. Localized expression of interesting proteins was examined in embryo fragments. The earliest differences detected at nuclear migration stages showed unregulated synthesis in mutant embryos of two proteins that have stage specific synthesis in normal embryos. At the cellular blastoderm stage one protein was not synthesized and two proteins showed apparent shifts in isoelectric point in mutant embryos. Differences observed in older embryos included additional proteins with shifted isoelectric points and a number of qualitative and quantitative changes in protein synthesis. Five of the proteins with altered rates of synthesis in mutant embryos showed localized synthesis in normal embryos. The early effects observed are consistent with the hypothesis that the Krüppel product can be a negative or positive regulator of expression of other loci, while blastoderm and gastrula stage shifts in isoelectric point indicate that a secondary effect of Krüppel function may involve post-translational modification of proteins.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020090603
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of the differentiation antigen F7D6 in tumorous tissues of Drosophila (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 8 (1987), S. 165-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: embryonic antigen ; tumor mutants ; oncodevelopmental molecule ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The 63-kDa antigen recognized by the monoclonal antibody F7D6 is present in all Drosophila embryonic cells and disappears from most tissues as each one reaches its final, differentiated state. Larval tissues lose the antigen around the time of hatching, imaginal tissues lose it during metamorphosis, and germ cells lose it during gametogenesis (Bedian et al: Devel Biol 115:105-118, 1986). The nervous system and spontaneously contracting musculature of the gut and gonads are exceptions and remain antigen positive at all stages. The F7D6 antigen appears to be associated with dividing, undifferentiated cells and electrogenic cells. This prompted us to test tumors for antigen presence. We tested four different recessive mutants that give rise to four different types of tumorous transformation: the embryonic tumor Notch, several larval melanotic tumors, the imaginal disc tumor 1(2)gl, and three alleles of the ovarian tumor otu. In all cases, tumorous tissues in homozygotes contained the F7D6 antigen. The electrophoretic mobility of the antigen appeared to be unaltered in tumorous tissues compared to normal cells, but the antigen is expressed at higher levels. The antigen is found on the cytoplasmic surface of plasma membranes and appears to be a marker of undifferentiated normal and tumorous cells. Similarities and differences between the F7D6 antigen and Drosophila c-src protein are discussed.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020080305
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