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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Status of the Brookhaven National Laboratory high current electron beam ion source test stand : The 8th international conference on ion sources (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 893-895 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: As part of a new, compact heavy ion injector for the AGS/RHIC complex at Brookhaven National Laboratory we are developing an electron beam ion source (EBIS) that would satisfy present and future requirements. Such a source should be capable of producing intensities of, e.g., Au35+ ions of about 3×109 particles/pulse or U45+ of about 2×109 particles/pulse. To achieve this, the required e-beam intensity is 10 A, at a pulse length of 100 ms. An EBIS test stand has been constructed, designed for the full electron beam power and having close to 1/2 of the trap length of an EBIS for RHIC. Initial electron beam tests have resulted in a 50 μs, 13 A electron beam. Ion production and extraction has been shown with a 3.1 A, 50 ms electron beam, achieving an ion yield of 19 nC/pulse (neutralization degree of 61%); fast extraction trials have yielded extracted ion pulses of 1 mA peak current and 18 μs at FWHM. Details of the test stand construction, results of the electron beam studies, and properties of the extracted ion pulse are presented. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1150324
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultranarrow conducting channels defined in GaAs-AlGaAs by low-energy ion damage (1987)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 51 (1987), S. 2133-2135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have laterally patterned the narrowest conducting wires of two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) material reported to date. The depletion induced by low-energy ion etching of GaAs-AlGaAs 2DEG structures was used to define narrow conducting channels. We employed high voltage electron beam lithography to create a range of channel geometries with widths as small as 75 nm. Using ion beam assisted etching by Cl2 gas and Ar ions with energies as low as 150 eV, conducting channels were defined by etching only through the thin GaAs cap layer. This slight etching is sufficient to entirely deplete the underlying material without necessitating exposure of the sidewalls that results in long lateral depletion lengths. At 4.2 K, without illumination, our narrowest wires retain a carrier density and mobility at least as high as that of the bulk 2DEG and exhibit quantized Hall effects. Aharonov–Bohm oscillations are seen in rings defined by this controlled etch-damage patterning. This patterning technique holds promise for creating one-dimensional conducting wires of even smaller sizes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.98970
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vacuum separation of the ionization volume from the cryostat insulating volume in the Stockholm cryogenic electron-beam ion source : Proceedings of 5th international conference on ion sources (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 1061-1062 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The main goal of this project was to increase the reliability of CRYSIS by separating the ionization region from the insulating volume which contains vacuum seals at the cryostat. These volumes are separated with two bellow units installed between the cryostat and both ends of the vacuum vessel. The bellow units contain drift tubes with different fixed temperatures, heat shields, feedthroughs for drift tubes, and a gas delivery tube for gas injection. Preliminary results of tests after CRYSIS vacuum separation are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145062
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased ion intensity and reliability of the Stockholm electron beam ion source (abstract)a) : Proceedings of 5th international conference on ion sources (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 1132-1132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The electron beam ion source, CRYSIS, produces highly charged ions for injection into the heavy ion storage ring—CRYRING at MSL, as well as low energy atomic physics experiments and the Stockholm–Mainz Penning trap recently installed at MSL. CRYSIS has produced ions up to Ar18+ and 136Xe52+. Pulsed beams of Ar13+ ions 60 μs in duration have been injected into CRYRING via an RFQ and ions of charge up to 136Xe44+ have been used in atomic physics experiments with pulse duration 10–250 ms. A vacuum separation of the cryostat and ionization volumes has been made. Temperature control and measurement of internal electrodes have increased the gas injection efficiency and reduced the memory effect associated with a cryogenic EBIS. External ion injection has been added as an alternative to neutral gas injection for introducing the species to be ionized to high charge states. Monitoring of the radio frequency noise signal with a spectrum analyzer has aided in the propagation of quiet, high current (450 mA) dc electron beams. These quiet electron beams have been used to produce extracted ion pulses of higher intensities than in previous operation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145035
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of an electron-beam ion source for a relativistic heavy-ion collider preinjector : Proceedings of the 6th international conference on ion sources (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 878-880 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: At Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), an electron-beam ion source (EBIS) is operational as a test bed for development of a high current EBIS for relativistic heavy-ion collider (RHIC). Previously, the goal of most EBIS research has been to produce bare or nearly bare nuclei. At BNL, the EBIS is required to produce only medium charge states of heavy ions, e.g., Au35+, since there is further stripping at higher energies. The BNL effort is directed at reaching intensities of interest to RHIC, approximately 3×109 particles/pulse, which will require an EBIS electron beam on the order of 10 A. Initial tests using a 1 mm LaB6 cathode have produced electron beam currents up to the design value of 110 mA. A 2 mm LaB6 cathode has been installed and in a first run has produced currents up to 350 mA. This source has so far produced charge states up to Ar16+ using neutral gas injection, and up to Tl50+ using external ion injection. Results of these studies and ion injection trials are presented. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146827
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased ion intensity and reliability of the Stockholm electron beam ion sourcea) (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 1718-1722 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The electron beam ion source, CRYSIS, produces highly charged ions for injection into the heavy ion storage ring—CRYRING at MSL, as well as low energy atomic physics experiments and the Stockholm–Mainz Penning trap recently installed at MSL. CRYSIS has produced ions up to Ar18+ and 136Xe52+. Pulsed beams of Ar13+ ions 60 μs in duration have been injected into CRYRING via an RFQ and ions of charge up to 136Xe44+ have been used in atomic physics experiments with pulse duration 10–250 ms. A vacuum separation of the cryostat and ionization volumes has been made. Temperature control and measurement of internal electrodes have increased the gas injection efficiency and reduced the memory effect associated with a cryogenic EBIS. External ion injection has been added as an alternative to neutral gas injection for introducing the species to be ionized to high charge states. Monitoring of the radio frequency noise signal with a spectrum analyzer has aided in the propagation of quiet, high current (450 mA) dc electron beams. These quiet electron beams have been used to produce extracted ion pulses of higher intensities than in previous operation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144865
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An electron beam ion source for laboratory experiments (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 3399-3411 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The design and properties of an electron beam ion source (EBIS) capable of producing low-energy, highly charged ions such as Ar16+ and Xe30+ are described. The source, to be used in laboratory experiments in atomic and surface physics, utilizes a conventional, 0.42-T solenoid and an externally launched electron beam. Ultrahigh vacuum in the ionization region is created by a distributed sputter-ion pump. The source design is relatively simple, and the source is small and easy to operate. The concept of a saturated electron beam is introduced in order to explain the observed argon and xenon ion charge state evolution. Very high ion charge states can be produced by confining ions for times up to 1 s in an electron beam in which the degree of space-charge neutralization by ions is determined by potentials applied to the drift tubes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143743
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental results from the Brookhaven National Laboratory test electron beam ion source : Proceedings of the 7th international conference on ion sources (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 640-642 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: At Brookhaven National Laboratory, an Electron Beam Ion Source (EBIS) is operational and has produced charge states such as N7+, Ar16+, and Xe26+ using neutral gas injection. Ions such as Na7+ and Tl41+ have been produced using external ion injection. The BNL EBIS effort is directed at reaching intensities of interest to RHIC, approximately 3×109 particles/pulse which will require EBIS electron beams on the order of 10 A. Pulsed electron beams up to 1.14 A have been produced using a 3 mm LaB6 cathode. Ion yields corresponding to 50% of the maximum trap capacity for electron beams up to 0.5 A have been obtained. The goal for the TestEBIS is to produce a uranium ion charge state distribution peaked at U45+ with 50% of the trap capacity for a 1 A electron beam.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148726
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simulation of 10 A electron-beam formation and collection for a high current electron-beam ion source : Proceedings of the 7th international conference on ion sources (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 1120-1122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Presented is a report on the development of an electron-beam ion source (EBIS) for the relativistic heavy ion collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) which requires operating with a 10 A electron beam. This is approximately an order of magnitude higher current than in any existing EBIS device. A test stand is presently being designed and constructed where EBIS components will be tested. It will be reported in a separate paper at this conference. The design of the 10 A electron gun, drift tubes, and electron collector requires extensive computer simulations. Calculations have been performed at Novosibirsk and BNL using two different programs, SAM and EGUN. Results of these simulations will be presented. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148714
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brookhaven National Laboratory electron beam test stand : Proceedings of the 7th international conference on ion sources (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 697-699 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The main purpose of the electron beam test stand (EBTS) project at the Brookhaven National Laboratory is to build a versatile device to develop technologies that are relevant for a high intensity electron beam ion source (EBIS) and to study the physics of ion confinement in a trap. The EBTS will have all the main attributes of EBIS: a 1-m-long, 5 T superconducting solenoid, electron gun, drift tube structure, electron collector, vacuum system, ion injection system, appropriate control, and instrumentation. Therefore it can be considered a short prototype of an EBIS for a relativistic heavy ion collider. The drift tube structure will be mounted in a vacuum tube inside a "warm" bore of a superconducting solenoid, it will be at room temperature, and its design will employ ultrahigh vacuum technology to reach the 10−10 Torr level. The first gun to be tested will be a 10 A electron gun with high emission density and magnetic compression of the electron beam. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148465
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