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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for the cerebral uptake in vivo from two pools of glucose and the role of glucose-6-phosphatase in removing excess substrate from brain (1985)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 10 (1985), S. 201-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We propose the following scheme for cerebral uptake and overall metabolism of glucose in vivo: that brain selects from two pools of glucose anomers in arterial blood, that it takes up excess glucose, that glucose enters the brain tissue as glucose-6-phosphate through the actions of mutarotase and hexokinase, that some glucose-6-phosphate becomes metabolized to CO2 and some becomes incorporated into brain carbon pools, and that excess glucose-6-phosphate leaves brain through glucose-6-phosphatase and mutarotase activities. This results from our observations in arterio-venous studies for the determination of cerebral metabolism in humans in vivo that the cerebral uptake of [14C]glucose often appeared to differ from that of unlabeled glucose. With rapidly falling arterial radioactivity, unlabeled glucose uptake was more than [14C]glucose. With rising arterial radioactivity, [14C]glucose extraction extraction exceeded unlabeled glucose. Studies with [14C]glucose-6-phosphate suggested that glucose-6-phosphatase in brain removes excess substrate by dephosphorylation. However, when arterial [14C]glucose increased slowly, [14C]glucose uptake varied considerably and the data resembled human cerebral metabolism of glucose anomers. An experiment employing [13C]glucose and NMR provided further support for our proposed scheme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00964568
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of [1-11C]-α-aminoisobutyric acid for tumor detection and amino acid transport measurement: spontaneous canine tumor studies (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 10 (1985), S. 48-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB), or α-methyl alanine, is a nonmetabolized amino acid transported into cells, particularly malignant cells, predominantly by the ‘A’ amino acid transport system. Since it is not metabolized, [1-11C]-AIB can be used to quantify A-type amino acid transport into cells using a relatively simple compartmental model and quantitative imaging procedures (e.g. positron tomography). The tissue distribution of [1-11C]-AIB was determined in six dogs bearing spontaneous tumors, including lymphosarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma, mammary carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma. Quantitative imaging with tissue radioassay confirmation at necropsy showed poor to excellent tumor localization. However, in all cases the concentrations achieved appear adequate for amino acid transport measurement at known tumor locations. The observed low normal brain (due to blood-brain barrier exclusion) and high (relative to brain) tumor concentrations of [1-11C]-AIB suggest that this agent may prove effective for the early detection of human brain tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00261763
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tumor imaging with carbon-11 labeled alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) in a patient with advanced malignant melanoma (1986)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 12 (1986), S. 353-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: 11C-AIB ; Tumor imaging ; Malignant melanoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 29 year-old-man presenting with advanced metastatic malignant melanoma was successfully imaged using carbon-11 (11C) labeled alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB), a synthetic, non-metabolized amino acid transported into viable cells by the A-type, or alanine-preferring, amino acid transport system. Tumor located in the hilum of the lung was well visualized with 11C-AIB prior to chemotherapy. A gallium image with liver subtraction using 99mTc-sulfur colloid demonstrated regions of increased activity in liver which correlated with regions of increased activity on the 11C-AIB liver image.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00263819
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PET tomographic imaging of the human heart, pancreas, and liver with nitrogen-13 derived from [13N]-L-glutamate (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 8 (1983), S. 381-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The first commercial version of the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) positron camera was used to image the relative distributions of 13N (T 1/2=9.96min) in the human heart, pancreas, and liver after intravenous administration of [13N]-l-glutamate. The instrument was operated in two imaging modes. Conventional 2-dimensional (2-D) focal-plane images showed high concentrations of 13N in the heart and pancreas, and lower levels in the liver. Five PET tomographic transverse section (3-D) images were made through the heart and three through the pancreas. Our results suggest that further studies designed to gain an improved understanding of the biochemistry of [13N]-l-glutamate aided by PET imaging, especially with newer instrumentation, are worthy of further investigation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00253210
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PET tomography in studies of distributions of 7.6-min potassium 38 in the dog heart (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 9 (1984), S. 272-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Potassium 38 emits a 2.68-MeV (max) positron, followed promptly by a 2.17-MeV γ-ray in 99.8% of its disintegrations. A positron is emitted also, followed by a 3.94-MeV γ-ray, in 0.2% of the decays. The pairs of 511-keV PET±γ-quanta, which are emitted at 180±0.3° to each other, are in true coincidence with the prompt γ-rays emitted by the daughter nucleus, within the resolving time of PET instrumentation. Studies made with phantoms by means of a commercial version of the MGH PET camera demonstrated that quantitatively satisfactory images are derived, despite the presence of the prompt γ-rays. Two-dimensional (2-D) focal-plane images reveal high uptake of38K promptly in the myocardium of dogs, under barbiturate sedation. Third-dimensional (3-D) transverse section PET tomographic images, through four 1.0-cm-thick heart “slices” orthogonal to the plane of the 2-D images and with 1.4-cm sequential spacing, show38K uptake to be concentrated especially highly in the left ventricle, as expected. Peak levels of activity were observed over the myocardium at 12 s after intravenous bolus injection of ionic38K. Dynamic mode 2-D images were taken at intervals as short as 0.5 s and extending to 1 h.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00803249
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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