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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional Consequences of Interactions between Human Neutrophils and ATP, ATPγS, and Adenosine (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 603 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb37665.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antigen Induced Release of Histamine and SRS-A from Human Lung passively sensitized with Reaginic Serum (1967)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 216 (1967), S. 283-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fresh specimens of macroscopically normal human lung were obtained after surgery for carcinoma of the lung. The specimens were transported to the laboratory in ice-cold oxygenated Tyrode solution. The primary bronchi and blood vessels were dissected out and about 12 g of lung parenchyma was chopped ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/216283a0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variability of bioassays with metsulfuron-methyl in soil (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 35 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A total of 74 independently run bioassays with soil incorporated metsulfuron-methyl from 12 different laboratories was analysed by a logistic dose-response curve to assess the precision of regression parameters and relate ED50 to soil properties. The potency in terms of ED50 of metsulfuron-methyl in Brassica rapa L., which was used by all laboratories, varied between 0.05 and 3.9 g a.i. ha-1. ED50 was negatively correlated with pH and positively correlated with organic matter. The majority of laboratories had ED50 within the interval 0.1-1.0 g a.i. ha-1. At one laboratory using three test species, the most sensitive species was Beta vulgaris L. followed by Brassica rapa L. and Lepidium sativum L. The coefficients of variation were smallest for the ED50 and ED90 response levels and largest for the ED10. The slope of the response curves had considerably lower coefficients of variation than the EDs. The results are discussed in relation to a previous collaborative bioassay study. Finally it is suggested that standardization of bioassays with herbicides could be achieved in the same way as standardization of chemical analyses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1995.tb01784.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions between barban and protectants on maize, oats and barley (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 18 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In glasshouse experiments 1,8-naphthalic anhydride (NA) as a seed dressing, and N,N-diallyl-2,2-dichloroacetamide (R25788), either as a seed dressing or mixed in the spray tank with the herbicide, protected maize (Zea mays L.) from subsequent barban damage. When applied after maize emergence, R25788 was not effective through the foliage but had to reach the soil to provide protection. Soil drench treatments of R25788 countered barban damage successfully if applied up to 7 days prior to spraying or up to one day after. Delay of application to 2 or 3 days after barban resulted in only partial protection.Neither NA nor R25788 completely protected barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) or oats (Avena saliva L.) from a subsequent barban spray. Interactions entre le barbane et des produils protecteurs sur le maïs, l'avoine el l'orgeDans des expériences faites en serre, I'anhydride 1,8-naphtalique (AN) employé pour l'enrobage des semences et le N,N-dial-lyl-2,2-dichloroacetamide (R 25788) egalement en enrobage oumélangé dans le réservoir du pulvérisateur avec I'herbicide, ont protégé le maïs (Zea mays L.) des dommages résultant d'un traitement au barbane. Lorsqu'il a été appliqué après la levée du maïs, le R 25788 ne s'est pas montré efficace par voie foliaire: il doit atteindre le sol pour assurer une protection. Les traitements du sol en pluie abondante avec le R 25788 ont supprime efficacement les dégCts du barbane s'ils ont été effectues au plus 7 jours avant le traitement ou 1 jour au plus apres. Lorsque l'applicationa été faite 2 ou 3 jours apres le traitement au barbane, la protection n'a été que partielle.Ni l'AN ni le R 25788 n'ont complètement protégé I'orge (Hordeum vulgare L.) ou I'avoine (Avena sativa L.) d'un traitement ultériéur avec le barbane. Interaktionen zwischen Barban und Schutzstoffen (Antidote) bei Mais. Hafer und Gerste In Gewächshausversuchen wurde Mais (Zea mays L.) vor einer Schädigung durch Barban geschützt, wenn 1,8-Naphthylsäure-anhydrid (NA) als Saatgutbeize und N,N-Diallyl-2,2-dichlor-acetamid (R 25788) entweder als Saatgutbeize oder als Tankmischung mit dem Herbizid angewendet wurden. Wenn R 25788 nach dem Auflaufen des Maises appliziert wurde, musste es um wirksam zu werden, auf den Boden gelangen; eine Wir-kung über die Blätter konnte nicht festgestellt werden. Durch die Anwendung von R 25788 im Giessverfahren trat kein Barbanschaden auf, vorausgesetzt, dass die Anwendung bis zu 7 Tage vor oder bis zu einen Tag nach der Spritzung erfolgte. Wurde die Applikation erst 2 oder 3 Tage nach der Barbansprit-zung durchgeführt, dann wurde nur ein teilweiser Schutz erzielt. Gerste (Hordeum vulgare L.) und Hafer (Avena saliva L.) wurden weder durch NA noch durch R 25788 völlig vor der schädigenden Wirkung einer darauffolgenden Barbanspritzung geschützt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1978.tb01139.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The interaction between planting depth of four winter wheat cultivars, Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. and Bromus sterilis L. and their susceptibility to post-emergence applications of isoproturon and chlorotoluron (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 31 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Seeds of four winter wheat cultivars, Slejpner, Galahad, Avalon and Penman, were sown at depths ranging from 6–75 mm in soil in pots, and isoproturon or chlorotoluron was then applied to the soil surface. For chlorotoluron-treated plants (both pre- and post-emergence) the dose required to produce a 50% effect (ED50) was unaffected by depth of planting. In contrast, for isoproturon applied pre-emergence, the ED50 for both Avalon and Slejpner was strongly affected by sowing depth. Although chlorotoluron was much more active in a second experiment when applied post-emergence to Slejpner wheat, the ED50 for both herbicides increased with greater depth of sowing. Protection of wheat from isoproturon damage by deeper planting was enhanced if the adsorption capacity of the soil was raised from Kd 0.5 to 2.0 by incorporation of activated charcoal in the soil. Isoproturon entry into plants (as measured by the effect on rate of photosynthesis) was slower in those that had been sown deeper and were growing in more adsorptive soils, but there was no obvious relationship between these observations and isoproturon distribution in the soil profile. In nutrient culture the four wheat cultivars responded similarly to a range of doses of isoproturon. The chlorotoluron-sensitive cultivars, Slejpner and Galahad, were damaged by much lower doses of chlorotoluron than were Avalon and Penman. Bromus sterilis L. responded similarly to wheat with regard to its interaction with isoproturon and planting depth. Alopecurus myosuroides Huds., however, was less damaged by isoproturon when the zone above the seed was protected from the herbicide by growing the shoot through a plastic straw.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1991.tb01768.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamics of competition between wild oats (Avena fatua L.) and winter cereals (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 31 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: This study examined the effects of competition on the growth of Avena fatua, winter wheat and winter barley. Plants were sampled at frequent intervals from replacement series experiments at two contrasting sites in the U.K. A. fatua was much slower to establish than the two cereals, but thereafter exhibited a faster rate of growth. In monoculture, it took a considerable time for A. fatua to reach a size equal to that of the cereals, but by the end of the experiments it was the largest of the three species. The change-over from cereal dominance in mixtures to A. fatua tiominance was rapid, and in three cases coincided with cereal flag leaf emergence. In the fourth case, it appeared to coincide with the art of canopy height extension. At one site the rder of competitiveness at anthesis was A. fatua= barley〉wheat, and at the other site the order was A. fatua〉wheat〉barley. In order to explain and predict differences between years and sites, more studies are required on morphological development in relation to abiotic variables.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1991.tb01759.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some studies on the sites of uptake of chlortoluron, isoproturon and metoxuron by wheat, Avena fatua and Alopecurus myosuroïdes (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 18 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Chlortoluron, isoproturon and metoxuron applied to wheat (Triticum aesitvum (L.)), A vena fatua (L.) and Alopecurus myosuroïdes (Huds) at sowing caused less damage if the herbicides were restricted to the region above the seed by an activated charcoal layer. AH three herbicides, when applied to seedlings of the same species also had their main activity through the soil, an activated charcoal layer at seed level decreasing damage from post-emergence sprays of isoproluron. Germination and/or establishment of A. myosuroïdes was better from seeds sown at or near the surface, hut the reverse was true for A. fatua, which showed weak germination and/or establishment from seed on the soil surface. Rechterches sur les sites d'absorption du chhrtoluron, de l'isoproturon et du métoxuron par le blé. A vena fatua et Alopecurus myosuroïdesLe chlortoluron, l'isoproturon et le métoxuron appliqués au semis sur du blé (Triticum avstivum (L.), Avena fatua (L.) et Alopecurus myosuroïdes (Huds.) ont causé moinsde dommages si les herbicides restaient localises dans la region située audessus des semences grâce à une couche de charbon activé. Les trois herbicides, lorsqu'ils furent appliqués aux plantules des mêmes cspèces, ont aussi exercé leur principale activitéà travers le sol; une couche de charbon active au nivcau des semences a dim inué les dommages provoques pour des traitements effectues avee de l'isoproturon en posttevée.La germination atnsi que l'etablissement d'A. myosuroïdes ont été meilleurs à partir de sentences semées en surface, ou prés de la surface mais ce fut l'inverse pour A. fatua qui montra une germination et un etablissement plus faibles lorsque le semis a été fait en surface. Untersuchungen zum Ort der Aufnahme von Chlortoluron. Isoproturon und Metoxuron bei Weizen, A vena falua und A lopecurus myosuroidesWenn Chlortoluron, Isoproturon und Metoxuron zu Weizen (Triticum aestivum (L.)), Arena fatua (L.) und Alopecurus myosuroïdes (Huds.) zum Zeitpunkt der Saat appliziert wurden, traten weniger Schäden auf. wenn die Herbizide durch eine Aktivkohlcschicht oberhalb der Samen verblieben. Auch wenn die Herbizide auf junge Pflänzchen appliziert wurden, wirkten sie hauptsachlich über den Boden Durch eine Aktivkohleschicht in der Samenzone wurde die Wirkung von Nachauflaufbehandlungen mil Isoproluron abgeschwächl. Bei A myosuroïdes war die Keimung und/oder das Wachstum besser, wenn sich die Samen auf oder nur knapp unterhalb der Bodenoberfläche befanden. Bei A. fatua was es urngekchrt, hier war die Keimung und/oder die Entwicklung nur schwach. wenn sich die Samen auf dem Boden befanden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1978.tb01178.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improvement in selectivity of perfluidone against Rottboellia exaltata in maize with herbicide protectants (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In glasshouse experiments 1,8-naphthalic anhydride (NA) and N,N-diallyl-2,2-dichloroacctamide (R 25788) were investigated in combination with perfluidone for the control of Rottboellia exaltata Linn. F. in maize. Both protectants were used as seed dressings and R 25788 also as a spray mixture with the herbicide.Surface application of the herbicide generally resulted in greater crop damage than incorporation. The protectants caused no damage than used alone. Both compounds greatly reduced crop damage from perfluidone treatments. In most experiments protection with NA was better and more reliable than with R 25788. Even when kept until flowering no adverse effect at later stages of growth were noted.Good control of R. exaltata was achieved in all trials where perfluidone was applied to the soil surface. Incorporation reduced activity. Mixtures of R 25788 with the herbicide did not significantly protect the weed.Field treatments to improve the tolerance of maize to perfluidone while controlling a wide range of weeds arc suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00377.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SELECTIVITY OF BENZENE SULPHONYL CARBAMATE HERBICIDES BETWEEN DIFFERENT GRASS SPECIES AND CLOVER (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 13 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary. In field experiments extending over the period 1964–68 wettable powder and water soluble formulations of asulam and M & B 8882 were applied to a range of grass species in summer and autumn. Phleum pratense L., Dactylis glomerata L., Holcus lanatus L., Agrostis tenuis Sibth. and Poa trivialis L. were more susceptible than Lolium perenne L., Festuca pratensis Huds. and Festuca rubra L., although effects were more persistent on H. lanatus than on the other species. Trifolium repens L. (white clover) was more resistant to M & B 8882 than to asulam, particularly in July. The pattern of selectivity was similar with summer and autumn treatment, but effects were slower to develop in the autumn.Sélectivité des herbicides a base de carbamate de benzène sulfonyle entre différentes espèces de graminées et le trèfle
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1973.tb01291.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of weather factors on the performance of herbicides to control Alopecurus myosuroides in winter wheat (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Weed research 43 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The effect of weather factors before and after spraying on the activity of the herbicides isoproturon and clodinafop-propargyl was assessed in field experiments from 1997 to 2000. The herbicides were sprayed at four rates on eight to 15 occasions between October and April and efficacy was assessed as ED50 for the surviving panicles of Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. The ED50 values (N = normal dose) varied between 0.18 N and 1.16 N for isoproturon and 0.11 N and 1.51 N for clodinafop-propargyl. The effect of weather factors was investigated using multiple regression techniques for 1 to 14 days before and after spraying. These regressions were significant (P 〈 0.001) for each of the individual years. Between 86% and 97% of the total variation in response to both herbicides was accounted for, but the factors were not consistent from year to year. However, when the 3 years were combined for each herbicide the regression was also significant (P 〈 0.001) for isoproturon (78% variation accounted for) and for clodinafop-propargyl (72% variation accounted for). The current blanket advice, that the best control results from applications to small plants, was not always correct.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3180.2003.00327.x
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