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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 103 (1981), S. 5567-5568 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Troglitazone (CS-045) ; cardiomyocytes ; cell culture ; glucose transport ; protein kinase C.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Freshly isolated and primary cultured adult rat cardiomyocytes were used to elucidate the mechanism of action of the new oral antidiabetic agent (±)-5-[4-(6-hydroxy-2, 5, 7, 8-tetramethyl-chroman-2-yl-methoxy)benzyl]-2,4-thiazolidinedione (troglitazone) on the heart. Interaction with protein kinase C (PKC) and regulation of glucose transport were evaluated as possible sites of drug action. Acute treatment (30 min) of cardiomyocytes with troglitazone did not affect the phorbolester-induced membrane association of PKC-delta and PKC-epsilon, which represent the major isoforms present in these cells. However, under these conditions the phorbolester-mediated increase in membrane associated PKC activity was inhibited by 43 ± 4 % (n = 4) without affecting the basal distribution of PKC activity. In contrast to these findings, troglitazone had no acute effect on basal or insulin-stimulated glucose transport in freshly isolated cardiomyocytes; even after 120 min treatment an unaltered release of lactate was determined in the presence of the drug. After 20 h in serum-free culture troglitazone induced a dose-dependent increase in 2-deoxyglucose uptake reaching a 40-fold stimulation at 5 μmol/l. This was paralleled by a dose-dependent increase of glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1) and GLUT4 protein expression to 320 ± 80 and 156 ± 15 % of control, respectively. In addition, chronic exposure to troglitazone increased the GLUT4 abundance in a plasma membrane fraction about twofold. These data show that troglitazone exerts multiple effects on cardiomyocytes involving inhibition of PKC and regulation of glucose transporter expression and distribution. We suggest that an increased glucose supply may be beneficial for the diabetic heart and that modulation of PKC-activity could be relevant for improving insulin action in muscle tissue. [Diabetologia (1996) 39: 766–774]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Psychological research 36 (1974), S. 343-357 
    ISSN: 1430-2772
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Psychology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nach Olsons kognitiver Semantiktheorie hängt die Bedeutung von Sprache davon ab, inwieweit sie für einen Hörer/Leser einen nichtsprachlichen Kontext spezifiziert. Um die Allgemeingültigkeit dieser Theorie zu überprüfen, erhielten 36 Vpn 24 verschiedene Sätze zum unmittelbaren Behalten dargeboten, wobei von Satz zu Satz der bildhafte Kontext variierte, auf den er sich bezog: a) ein Teil der Sätze wurde ohne Bilder dargeboten. b) ein anderer Teil fungierte als Unterschrift zu einem Bild, auf dem das in dem Satz angesprochene Subjekt-Objekt eindeutig zu spezifizieren war; c) für einen weiteren Teil der Sätze schließlich war auf dem Bild nicht eindeutig zu spezifizieren, welches das in dem Satz gemeinte Subjekt/Objekt war, da mehrere Personen bzw. Gegenstände abgebildet waren. Entgegen Olsons Theorie werden die unmittelbaren Behaltensleistungen nicht durch die Eigenart der Bildsituation beeinflußt (b/c), und unterscheiden sich auch nicht von den Behaltensleistungen für Sätze ohne Bilder (a). Die Vpn erinnern sich jedoch sehr genau daran, ob die von ihnen behaltenen Sätze mit eindeutigem, mehrdeutigem bzw. ohne Bild dargeboten worden sind. Das heißt, die Satzaussage ist bei der Bildverarbeitung berücksichtigt-worden, nicht aber die Bildsituation bei der Satzverarbeitung. Abschließend wird die Frage diskutiert, wann Bilder einen Einfluß auf die Satzverarbeitung haben und wann nicht.
    Notes: Summary Olson's Cognitive Theory conceives meaning as specification of a (non-verbal) context for the listener. In order to test the generality of this theory, 36 Ss learned 24 sentences for immediate recall. The sentences were presented in various contexts: a) no context (no picture accompanying the sentence). b) sentence acting as legend of a picture unequivocally specifying the subject or object of the sentence. c) sentence acting as legend of a picture not unequivocally specifying the subject or object of the sentence. Contrary to expectations based upon Olson's theory, immediate recall scores for the sentences are not determined by the features of the accompanying pictures (b/c); neither do they differ from the recall scores for the sentences presented without pictures (a). Subjects do remember very precisely, however, whether the sentences were accompanied by unequivocal or equivocal pictures or by no picture at all. It seems that in this experiment, sentence content determines the cognitive processing of the picture, but not vice versa. This leads to a discussion of the conditions under which pictorial context exerts any influence upon sentence processing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 29 (1951), S. 745-753 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Lung 58 (1924), S. 124-130 
    ISSN: 1432-1750
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 143 (1957), S. 480-489 
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die chemotherapeutische Wirkung von Isatin-thiosemicarbazon wurde an verschiedenartigen experimentellen Pocken-Infektionen der Maus untersucht. Es konnte dabei festgestellt werden, daß eine Beeinflussung der Vaccine-Infektion unter gewissen Bedingungen möglich ist. Die besten Ergebnisse wurden mit dem virulenten neurotropen Vaccine-Stamm WR nach intracerebraler Infektion erzielt. In Versuchen mit Ei-adaptierten Vaccine-Stämmen, die nur schwache Infektionen der Mäuse verursachten, erschien die Wirkung der Verbindungen geringer, war aber doch noch nachweisbar. Dagegen war bei der Infektion der Maus mit dem Mäusepocken-(Ektromelie)-Virus, das dem Vaccine-Virus nahe verwandt ist, weder nach intracerebraler, intranasaler oder intraplantarer Infektion eine Beeinflussung des Krankheitsverlaufes festzustellen. Auch bei einem weiteren Vertreter der Pockengruppe, dem Kikuth-Golubschen Kanarienpocken-Virus, war eine chemotherapeutische Wirkung nicht nachzuweisen. Es scheint daher nur eine relativ geringe, ausschließlich gegen das Vaccine-Virus gerichtete Wirkung der Thiosemicarbazon-Verbindungen zu bestehen, Über deren Zustandekommen noch keine Klarheit herrscht.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance angiography ; Arteriovenous malformations ; Radiosurgery ; Image correlation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In this methodological paper the authors report the stereotactic correlation of different magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques [MR-angiography (MRA), MRI, blood bolus tagging (STAR), and functional MRI] in 10 patients with ce rebral arteriovenous malformations (AVM) and its application in precision radiotherapy planning. The patient's head was fixed in a stereotactic localization system that is usable at the MR and the linear accelerator installations. Byphantom measurements different materials (steel, aluminium, titanium, plastic, wood, ceramics) used for the stereotactic system were tested for mechanical stability and geometrical MR image distortion. All metallic stereotactic rings (closed rings made of massive metal) led to a more or less dramatic geometrical distortion and signal cancellation in the MR images. The best properties —nearly no distortion and high mechanical stability are provided by a ceramic ring. If necessary, the re-maining geometrical MR image distortion can be “corrected” reducing displacements to the size of a pixel) by cal culations based on modelling the distortion as a fourth-order two-dimensional polynomial. Using this method multimodality matching can be performed automatically as long as all images are acquired ill the same examination and the patient is sufficiently immobilized. Precise definition ol the target volume could be performed by the radiotherapist either directly in MR images or in calculated projecon MR angiograms obtained by a maximum-intensity projection algorithm. As a result, information about the hemodynamics of the AVM was provided by a three-dimensional (3D) phase-contrast flow measurement and a dynamic MRA with the STAR technique leading to an improved definition of the size of the nidus, the origin of the feeding arteries, and the pattern of the venous drainage. In addition functional MRI was performed in patients wit lesions close to the primary motor cortex area leading to an improved definition of structures at risk for high-dose application in radiosurgery. The differnet imaging techniques of MR provide a sensitive, noninvasive, 3D method for de fining target volume, critical structures, and for calculating dose distributions for radiosurgery of cerebral arteriovenous malformations, because dose calculation of radiosurgery at sufficient accuracy can be based on 3D MR data of the geometrical conformation of the patient's head.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words     X-linked lymphoproliferative disease ; Inherited immunodeficiency ; Epstein-Barr virus infection ; Carrier status ; Haplotype analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract      Three families with X-linked lymphoproliferative disease were studied. Affected males clinically presented with severe or fatal infectious mononucleosis, acquired hypogammaglobulinaemia, hypergammaglobulinaemia M, and malignant lymphoma including Hodgkin disease. Haplotype analysis using various DNA markers from Xq25-q27 allowed the prediction of the carrier status in females and identification of the XLP status in asymptomatic males.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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