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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 18 (1980), S. 516-517 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 18 (1980), S. 349-349 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 12 (1976), S. 145-148 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin ; secretin ; intraduodenal acid ; enteroinsular axis ; vagus ; pancreas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Immunoreactive secretin (IRS) and immunoreactive insulin (IRI) levels were measured in humans and dogs following the intraduodenal instillation of hydrochloric acid. IRS levels rose after acid in both instances, but a concomitant rise in peripheral IRI levels was not noted. Premedication of the humans with Scopolamine prevented a rise of IRS in the human subjects. It is concluded that the endogenous release of IRS alone does not result in increased IRI levels in peripheral blood and that IRS release may be under vagal control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 15 (1978), S. 73-74 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 11 (1975), S. 89-92 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Gastrin ; insulin ; immunoassay ; oral protein ; oral glucose ; antrectomy ; Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Gastrin and insulin levels following protein ingestion were measured in control subjects, in patients with vagotomy and pyloroplasty and in patients with vagotomy, antrectorny and gastroenterostomy. Peak gastrin levels preceded peak insulin levels, but no relationship between gastrin output and insulin output was found. The insulin response in patients with impaired gastrin release was similar to that seen in patients with normal gastrin release. Insulin levels after oral glucose in patients with malignant Zollinger-Ellison syndrome were similar to those in patients after gastrectomy, in spite of marked differences in gastrin level. These studies do not suggest that gastrin stimulates insulin release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: HDL-cholesterol ; triglyceride ; glucose tolerance ; dietary therapy ; weight loss ; Type 2 diabetes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Intensive dietary therapy in 57 newly diagnosed Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients led to an increase, compared with pre-treatment levels, in serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and the HDL/total cholesterol ratio after 3 and 6 months (0.05〈p〈0.1). The increase in HDL cholesterol was related to the degree of weight loss achieved. In 28 patients whose weight decreased by ⩾ 10% average body weight during the 6 months, HDL cholesterol rose from 1.22±0.06 to 1.36±0.06 mmol/1 (p〈0.001), whereas patients who lost less weight showed no significant increase in HDL cholesterol. The increase in mean serum HDL-cholesterol levels in female patients was associated with a mean weight reduction of 12.1% average body weight. Patients who were obese at diagnosis lost more weight during the study than non-obese patients (mean 13.2 versus 5.6% average body weight), and showed a significant increase in serum HDL-cholesterol levels. We conclude that intensive dietary therapy may lead to a less atherogenic lipid profile in Type 2 diabetes, particularly in patients who achieve a major weight reduction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 9 (1973), S. 174-177 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin ; clearance ; perfusion ; radioimmunoassay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Hepatic insulin clearance was studied in normal male and female Wistar rats using the isolated liver perfusion technique and the dextran coated charcoal radioimmunoassay for insulin. The following results were obtained: — 1. In male rats there was a progressive increase in clearance with increasing body weight, liver weight and age. — 2. In adult female rats clearance was significantly greater than in comparable males, but no relationship between liver weight and clearance was observed. — 3. With each increase in insulin concentration there was an apparent decrease in clearance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Type I diabetes ; Type II diabetes ; euglycaemia ; hyperinsulinaemia ; gastric emptying.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Hyperglycaemia slows gastric emptying in both normal subjects and patients with diabetes mellitus. The mechanisms mediating this effect, particularly the potential role of insulin, are uncertain. Hyperinsulinaemia has been reported to slow gastric emptying in normal subjects during euglycaemia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemia on gastric emptying in Type I (insulin-dependent) and Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. In six patients with uncomplicated Type I and eight patients with uncomplicated Type II diabetes mellitus, measurements of gastric emptying were done on 2 separate days. No patients had gastrointestinal symptoms or cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. The insulin infusion rate was 40 mU · m–2· min–1 on one day and 80 mU · m–2· min–1 on the other. Gastric emptying and intragastric meal distribution were measured using a scintigraphic technique for 3 h after ingestion of a mixed solid/liquid meal and results compared with a range established in normal volunteers. In both Type I and Type II patients the serum insulin concentration had no effect on gastric emptying or intragastric meal distribution of solids or liquids. When gastric emptying during insulin infusion rates of 40 mU · m–2· min–1 and 80 mU · m–2· min–1 were compared the solid T50 was 137.8 ± 24.6 min vs 128.7 ± 24.3 min and liquid T50 was 36.7 ± 19.4 min vs 40.4 ± 15.7 min in the Type I patients; the solid T50 was 94.9 ± 19.1 vs 86.1 ± 10.7 min and liquid T50 was 21.8 ± 6.9 min vs 21.8 ± 5.9 min in the Type II patients. We conclude that hyperinsulinaemia during euglycaemia has no notable effect on gastric emptying in patients with uncomplicated Type I and Type II diabetes; any effect of insulin on gastric emptying in patients with diabetes is likely to be minimal. [Diabetologia (1999) 42: 365–372]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 6 (1970), S. 420-424 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Plasma insulin ; glucose tolerance test ; postgastrectomy ; carbohydrate metabolism ; lag curves
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La signification de la courbe pointue («lagcurve») c-à-d celle dans laquelle le sucre sanguin monte rapidement à partir de la valeur normale à jeun à plus de 180 mg/100 ml mais retourne à la valeur à jeun en 120 min, reste controversée. Pour étudier cela plus profondément, le taux de l'insuline plasmatique a été mesuré par dosage radio-immunologique, pendant des épreuves de tolérance au glucose orales et intraveineuses, chez trois groupes de sujets comparables en ce qui concerne l'âge et le poids. Groupe 1, 14 avec des courbes pointues inexpliquées [(lagstorage curves) caractéristique de l'absorption intestinale rapide]. Groupe 2, 14 avec des courbes pointues à la suite d'une intervention chirurgicale gastrique. Groupe 3, 14 sujets normaux. Le taux moyen d'insuline était plus élevé dans le groupe 1 que dans le groupe 3, mais le stimulus hyperglycémique était plus grand. La réponse insulinique dans le groupe 2 n'a pas différé des témoins d'une façon significative. La courbe moyenne du sucre sanguin était semblable dans les groupes 1 et 2, mais en dépit de ceci, la réponse insulinique était significativement prolongée dans le groupe 1 suggérant un degré de résistance ou d'antagonisme insulinique. Dans les épreuves intraveineuses, 2 malades de chacun des groupes 1 et 2 avaient une valeur K dans le domaine des valeurs diabétiques. La valeur moyenne de K était plus élevée dans le groupe 1 que dans le groupe 2. Les deux groupes montraient une réponse insulinique semblable mais plutôt basse.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Die Bedeutung von spitzgipfligen Blutzuckerkurven, die von normalen Nüchternspiegeln auf mehr als 180 mg% ansteigen, um in 120 min auf die Ausgangswerte zurückzukehren, bleibt strittig. — Um diese Frage weiter zu klären, wurden imnumologisch die Plasma-Insulinwerte bei 3 Gruppen von je 14 Probanden gemessen, die nach Alter und Gewicht übereinstimmten: Gruppe 1 bestand aus Probanden mit derartigen Kurven ohne ausreichende Erklärung, Gruppe 2 aus Patienten nach Magenoperationen und Gruppe 3 diente als Vergleichskollektiv. Im Teilkollektiv 1 fanden sich höhere Insulinwerte als in 3, doch bestand gleichzeitig eine stärkere Blutzuckererhöhung als Stimulans. Die Insulinausschüttung in der Gruppe 2 unterschied sich nicht signifikant vom Vergleichskollektiv. In den Gruppen 1 und 2 stimmen die Blutzuckerspiegel weitgehend überein, doch hielt die Erhöhung der Insulinkonzentration in Gruppe 1 signifikant länger an, was auf einen gewissen Grad von Insulin-Resistenz oder -Antagonismus schließen läßt. Bei der i.v. Belastung ergaben sich für je 2 Probanden der Gruppen 1 und 2k-Werte im diabetischen Bereich. In Gruppe 1 lagen die mittlerenk-Werte höher als in Gruppe 2. Beide Teilkollektive zeigten eine eher erniedrigte Insulin-Ausschüttung.
    Notes: Summary The significance of the lag curve, i.e. one in which the blood sugar rises rapidly from a normal fasting value to more than 180 mg/100 ml but returns to the fasting value within 120 min, remains controversial. In order to study this further, plasma insulin levels were measured by immunoassay during oral and intravenous glucose tolerance tests in 3 groups of age/weight matched subjects: Group 1, 14 with unexplained lag curves: Group 2, 14 with lag curves following gastric surgery and Group 3, 14 normal subjects. The mean insulin levels were higher in Group 1 than in Group 3 but the hyperglycaemic stimulus was greater. The insulin response in Group 2 did not differ significantly from the controls. The mean blood sugar curves were similar in Groups 1 and 2, but despite this the insulin response was significantly prolonged in Group 1, suggesting a degree of insulin resistance or antagonism. In the intravenous test 2 patients from each of Groups 1 and 2 had aK value in the diabetic range. The meanK value was higher in Group 1 than in Group 2. Both groups showed a similar rather low insulin response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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