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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The effect of Cr2O3 on the electrical properties of the multicomponent ZnO varistors was investigated using voltage-current curves and impedance spectroscopy. The structure and morphological modifications were analysed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. It was observed in samples with addition 0.1 mol % Cr2O3 that there was an improvement in the electrical properties of the varistors, but the increase in concentration had a deleterious effect on the potential barrier at the grain boundary. The excess Cr2O3 segregates at the grain-boundary region and increases the donor concentration, leading to a higher leakage current.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1572-9001
    Keywords: Oligoaniline band gap ; AMI ; chloride counterion ; asymmetric structures ; charge distribution ; energy levels
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract We present some semiempirical quantum chemistry calculations, geometric structures, charge distribution, gap energy, and enthalpy of formation (δH f ) for aniline oligomers in the different oxidation states using the AM1 method. A linear relationship between calculated optical transition values and the experimental reported ones was found. The effect of the interaction between the chloride counterion and these molecules was analyzed and indicates a decrease both in δH f of the aniline oligomers in the radical cation state and in δE(SOMO-LUMO). The withdrawal of one electron from the reduced aniline tetramer to form a radical cation in the presence of chloride (Cl−) yields to the radical cation band, similar to the polaron band in the polyaniline case. Contrary to the expected results, our calculations show that Cl− was able to transfer about 80% of its charge to the oligomers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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