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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Mother-to-child transmission ; HIV-1 ; IgA antibodies ; Peptide-ELISA ; Time-resolved fluoro-immunoassay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The presence of specific IgA antibodies in sera from 25 infants born to HIV-1 seropositive mothers was investigated by peptide-ELISA and peptide time-resolved fluoro-immunoassay (TR-FIA). The infants had been monitored at different times after birth for clinical signs and/or symptoms of HIV-1 infection and for detection of HIV-1 in lymphocyte cultures. Serum samples had also been tested for HIV-1 IgG antibodies by commercial ELISA and Western blot and for p24 antigen. Eleven of 25 children were then identified as infected. IgA detection was performed after rProtein G treatment to remove interfering IgG. In the infected group, IgA specific antibodies to a synthetic peptide representing a highly conserved region of the transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 (env: 594–613) were detected in 27 (73%) out of 37 serum samples (9 of 11 children) by the peptide-ELISA test. IgA specific antibodies to the same peptide were found in 30 (81%) sera (9 of 11 children) by the peptide-TR-FIA. Specific HIV-1 IgA antibodies were detected as early as 2 months of age in serum samples from five out of seven children (71% sensitivity) using peptide-ELISA and from six out of seven (86% sensitivity) by peptide-TR-FIA. Conversely, IgA specific antibodies to HIV-1 were absent in two infected children as well as in the sera of all uninfected children tested during the follow up period. Since maternal IgA does not cross the placenta, IgA detection in the serum of the infant is indicative of HIV-1 infection. Indeed, the early demonstration of HIV-1 IgA antibodies in infected infants shows that both peptide-ELISA and peptide-TR-FIA can be used for an early diagnosis of HIV-1 infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 55 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The diploid complement of the paedomorphic goby Aphia minuta ranged from 44 to 41 due to Robertsonian fusions (fundamental number=44). Data on spermatogenesis suggest that structural heterozygotes are fertile and that these chromosomal changes are not involved in a speciation process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 65 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Genetic diversity was analysed in brown trout Salmo trutta populations living in an area of central Italy using RFLP analysis of two mtDNA segments and of the nuclear locus LDH-C1*. The data indicated a genetic structure profoundly altered by repeated stockings with allochthonous material of Atlantic origin. In fact, four and 11 of the haplotypes detected were, respectively, identical or genetically very close to haplotypes found in Danish populations, the putative source of stocked brown trout. Furthermore, the LDH-C1*90 allele, typical of north-western Europe, was widespread among the samples studied. Nonetheless, four populations are characterized by a high frequency of both putative autochthonous haplotypes and the LDH-C1*100 allele, common in the Mediterranean basin. These populations, sampled in areas where S. trutta is documented historically, might represent a remnant of the species’ indigenous biodiversity, showing the scope for improving the management of brown trout in central Italy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Linkage study ; Pattern of X-inactivation ; Carrier determination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary While inherited X-linked (XL) isolated thrombocytopenia is a mild condition, the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) associates severe thrombocytopenia with an immunodeficiency component and has a poor prognosis. Whether these conditions correspond to separate genetic entities or to different mutations of the same gene(s) remains unresolved. The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome locus has been assigned to Xp 11.2 by means of RFLP studies. The X-inactivation pattern in female carriers has been found to follow a skewed pattern in the hematopoietic cells, thus allowing carrier detection. We studied a family with four members affected by XL thrombocytopenia and report the results of genetic segregation analysis, together with the X-inactivation pattern of hematopoietic cells from an obligate female carrier. Although the affected locus mapped to the same region as that of WAS, lymphocytes presented a skewed pattern of X-inactivation, whereas polymorphonuclear lymphocytes (PMN) did not. These results provide further evidence that the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome and XL thrombocytopenia are different expressions of mutations within a single locus and that the severity of the disease corresponds to distinct hematopoietic cell selections in obligate carriers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-2665
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In addition to systemic manifestations with skeletal, pulmonary, renal, and haematological signs, lysinuric protein intolerance (LPI), a membrane transport defect of cationic amino acids, is often complicated by severe life-threatening immunological manifestations. A 10-year-old boy with LPI who exhibited a severe systemic immunohaematological disease is described here. This patient showed cutaneous lesions similar to the subacute form of systemic lupus erythematosus, severe anaemia and dysproteinaemia, and a marked reduction of circulating T lymphocytes, mainly the CD4+ cells. In vitro bone marrow cell culture studies showed that addition of patient's serum induced macrophage proliferation and inhibited erythroid progenitor cell growth. Treatment with high-dose intravenous immune globulin resolved most of the clinical and laboratory abnormalities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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