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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) ; Medulloblastoma ; Retinoblastoma ; Pineocytoma (-blastoma)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Previously, immunoreactive rod-opsin and S-antigen (arrestin), two highly characteristic markers of retinal photoreceptors and pinealocytes, were shown to be present in certain medulloblastoma cells. It, thus, has been suggested that such cells differentiate along the photoreceptor lineage. This is corroborated in the present immunocytochemical investigation using antibodies against another photoreceptor-cell marker, the interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP). As shown in preparations of human retina and pineal organ, IRBP can be successfully demonstrated in formalinfixed and paraffin-embedded tissue: the IRBP immunoreaction is located to the outer and inner segments of retinal photoreceptor cells and to perikarya of certain pinealocytes. Examination of formalin-fixed, paraffinembedded biopsy specimens of 66 cerebellar medulloblastomas revealed varying numbers of IRBP-immunoreactive tumor cells in 19 cases that were formerly shown to contain rod-opsin and S-antigen immunoreaction. IRBP-immunoreactive tumor cells were also found in a retinoblastoma and a pineocytoma, but not in neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, glioblastoma, oligodendroglioma and astrocytoma. The results indicate: (1) cerebellar medulloblastomas are heterogeneous in their differentiation potential; (2) one type of medulloblastoma displays photoreceptor characteristics; (3) this type appears to be closely related to retinoblastoma and pineal cell tumors; and (4) all three types of tumors may display additional common features to be explored in future studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 24 (1975), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 22 (1974), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 21 (1973), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: —The accumulation of [3H]cortisol by the embryonic chick neural retina was studied at a time of rapid biochemical differentiation. In retinal cultures, uptake of steroid was decreased by inhibitors of energy metabolism and of sulphhydryl groups but not by inhibitors of macromolecular synthesis. The retention of steroid was inhibited by dinitrophenol and N-ethyl maleimide (NEM) over a 3 h incubation period. This inhibition may be due, in part, to the effect of NEM on the binding of steroid to intraretinal receptor as can be demonstrated by gel filtration. Neuraminidase had no effect on [3H]cortisol uptake or retention but markedly inhibited the induction of glutamine synthetase by the steroid. Uptake and retention of steroid at 37° was greater in the retinal nuclear pellet than in the cytosol fraction; the reverse was true at 4°. After treatment with NEM, [3H]cortisol accumulation in the nuclear pellet was drastically decreased, with approximately the same level of uptake as that seen at 4°. A temperature-dependent, sulphhydryl-sensitive process of steroid translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus may thus be indicated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 23 (1974), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 29 (1977), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— With sucrose density gradient analysis, bovine retinal cytosol demonstrates 2S and 7S retinol-binding species; binding in pigment epithelial cytosol is predominantly to a 2S species. Binding of retinol to the 2S component in retina is unaffected by retinoic acid or retinyl palmitate whereas the ester effectively competes for 2S binding in pigment epithelium. Specific retinol binding can also be demonstrated by gel filtration on Sepharose 4B; no high molecular weight (〉 100–200,000) retinol binding species are observed by this technique. Both the 2S and 7S binding species in retinal cytosol are protein in nature and differentially susceptible to proteolysis. The 2S and 7S species appear to be separate and distinct since chaotropic agents such as sodium thiocyanate or KCl and CaCl2 do not seem to convert the 7S species into 2S subunits. Scatchard plot analysis indicates high affinity retinol binding to the 2S receptor. Computer analysis of the binding data yields Ka=3 × 108, n = 1, a molecular size of 16,200 and ΔG0=−9.5 kcal/mol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 307 (1984), S. 471-473 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Monolayers of Y-79 cells were obtained in dishes precoated with poly-D-lysine and fibronectin and kept in both serum-supplemented and serum-free defined media12. N6,O12-dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (dbcAMP) was added to some dishes with serum-supplemented media12. Cells growing in ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 280 (1979), S. 62-64 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 a, Photoreceptor layer from a 13 -d-old normal Irish setter. Photoreceptor outer segments have begun to elongate and contain well organised stacks of outer segment (OS) lamellar disks. Some of these seem to have been engulfed (arrow) by the pigment epithelium (PE). b, Photoreceptor layer ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 298 (1982), S. 848-849 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A technique in which sub-retinal fluid is collected by washing the inner photoreceptor space of the detached retina and by irrigating the apical surface of the RPE and the sub-choroidal space has made possible the study of biochemical parameters involved in the dynamic interaction of these ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 118 (1984), S. 262-266 
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Embryonic chick pigment epithelial cells in culture require glucose as their major energy source for long-term growth, pigment formation, and colony organization. Cell number increases with glucose concentration at least up to 5.0 mM. Cells can be grown with glutamine as the major energy source but produce comparable cell numbers for only the first 3 days in culture, after which they cease growing. However, they are able to metabolize glutamine at a two to sixfoid higher rate than cells grown in the presence of glucose as measured by CO2 release and by incorporation into protein. In cells grown in the presence of both glucose and glutamine, basal ATP levels were 31.1 nmoles/mg protein; P-creatine averaged 15.2 nmoles/mg protein and showed marked variability between experimental groups. During starvation, P-creatine levels fell while ATP levels remained relatively constant. Glucose was required for the recovery of P-creatine to prestarvation levels when measured 5 min after refeeding. Because of these marked changes in P-creatine concentration as a function of nutritional status, the ATP/P-creatine ratio becomes a useful measure of the energy state of the cell.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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