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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct observation of discrete layers of dislocation loops near the projected ion ranges in high-dose P+-implanted (001)Si by cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 565-567 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The formation of discrete layers of dislocation loops near the projected ion ranges (Rp loops) of 65–80 keV, high-dose (5×1015–2×1016/cm2) P+-implanted (001)Si was observed by cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM). Both the energy and dose dependence of the annealing behaviors of Rp loops provided strong evidences that they are related to P clustering. The inactivation of dopants due to precipitation, hence the appearance of Rp loops, is correlated to the sheet resistance data. The retardation of the solid phase epitaxial growth was shown to be related to the formation of Rp loops. Using Rp loops as an indicator of changes in point-defect distribution, a combined XTEM and plan-view TEM study was found to be most appropriate for the study of the precipitation process in high-dose P+-implanted silicon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.101833
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Toothache with a multifactorial etiology: a case report (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Dental traumatology 13 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0595
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A case report of orofacial pain originating from both dental and nondental conditions is presented. The spontaneous throbbing pain initiated from the left maxillary second premolar and spread throughout the entire upper part of the lace to the frontoparietal area. Root canal treatment of the maxillary second premolar did not resolve the chief complaint. Magnetic resonance imaging examination revealed hypertrophy of the left inferior turbinate and soft tissue haziness in the left maxillary sinus floor. After antrostomy, submucosal turbinectomy; and endodontic treatment, the patient was free from pain. The final diagnosis of this case, in addition to pulpitis, was maxillary sinusitis with chronic rhinitis. The multiple factors associated with the etiology made the diagnosis difficult. The mechanism of referred pain from the maxillary sinus and paranasal nuicosa to the maxillary teeth and face is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1997.tb00048.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of granulation tissue conditioned medium on the in vitro differentiation of keratinocytes (1988)
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 245 (1988), S. 325-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Cholesteatoma ; Terminal differentiation ; Transglutaminase ; Cell envelope
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The accumulation of desquamated keratinizing squamous epithelial cells appears to be a crucial factor in the pathogenesis of middle ear cholesteatomas. The accumulation of keratin debris is due to the proliferation and the terminal differentiation of basal keratinocytes. Since cholesteatomas are usually associated with inflammatory reactions in the middle ear cavity, we examined the effects of a granulation tissue conditioned medium on the terminal differentiation of basal keratinocytes in vitro. This conditioned medium stimulated the terminal differentiation of basal keratinocytes by showing: (a) increased incorporation of 3H-leucine into cell envelopes; (b) an increased number of SDS-insoluble cell envelopes; and (c) increased transglutaminase activity (as a marker for terminal cellular differentiation). Our present studies further suggest that inflammatory granulation tissue plays an important role in the clinical growth and development of the cholesteatoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00457987
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Langerhans cells in human middle ear cholesteatomas (1992)
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 249 (1992), S. 380-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Cholesteatoma ; Langerhans cells ; Basal cells ; T-lymphocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Langerhans cells have been found in cholesteatomas for many years. It is believed that they are immunocompetent cells and have the same role in cell-mediated immunologic mechanisms in cholesteatoma as well as in skin. This study used the transmission electron microscope to observe the cellular characteristics of Langerhans cells and the apposition phenomenon of Langerhans cells with lymphocyte-like cells in human middle ear cholesteatomatous tissue. These findings are evidence for cell-mediated immune responses in middle ear cholesteatomas. In vitro Langerhans cells conditioned medium prepared from Lewis rat skin was used to show its effects on protein synthesis and the differentiation of basal cells. Since the cellular behaviour of basal cells is important in the development and pathogenesis of cholesteatoma, the present study shows that Langerhans cells may have some role in the clinical formation of a cholesteatoma. Since cells extracted from rat skin may have a different response from that of cells from human middle ear cholesteatoma, further investigations are necessary to compare the biological effects of both tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00192258
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An immunocytochemical study of cytokeratin expression in human middle ear cholesteatoma (1989)
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 246 (1989), S. 37-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Cholesteatoma ; Cytokeratin ; Intermediate filaments ; Immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An indirect immunofluorescent method with monoclonal anti-cytokeratin antibodies was used to localize various cytokeratins in human middle ear cholesteatoma. The 50 K/58 K and 56.5 K/65–67 K paired cytokeratins are markers of skin type and were found in the specimens of human middle ear cholesteatomas studied. In contrast, the 40 K and 45 K cytokeratins (markers of simple epithelia), the 48 K cytokeratin (marker of hyperproliferative epidermal disease) and the 51K cytokeratin (marker of internal organ epithelia) were absent in human middle ear cholesteatoma. These findings indicate that the pattern of cytokeratins in human middle ear cholesteatoma is similar to that of skin but is different from those of simple epithelium, internal organ epithelia, and hyperproliferative epidermal disease. These findings also support the skin type epithelial origin of cholesteatoma and strongly favor the migration theory in the genesis of cholesteatomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00454132
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of fibronectin in human middle ear cholesteatoma (1988)
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 245 (1988), S. 160-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Fibronectin ; Basal cell ; Cholesteatoma ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fibronectin was localized in human cholesteatoma tissues by immunohistochemical methods. The avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex staining method was used with specific fibronectin antibody. Fibronectin appeared to be localized in the matrix of the cholesteatoma studied, particularly on the surface of the cell membranes and the nuclei of the basal cells and in connective tissue. Fibronectin was not seen in the granular layer or in the keratin area. Fibronectin was found on the surface of granulation tissue, mononuclear cells, fibroblasts and endothelial cells of blood vessels. These findings were confirmed by the immunofluorescent staining method. Our previous study showed that fibronectin induced a migration of keratinocytes, macrophages and fibroblasts demonstrated by the Boyden's chamber chemotaxis assay. Macrophages and fibroblasts were shown to produce collagenase, a bone resorption factor, in cholesteatomatous tissue. The present study showed the presence of fibronectin in the matrix of cholesteatoma and granulation tissue, suggesting that fibronectin might play an important role in the clinical development and invasive behavior of cholesteatoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00464019
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of irradiation on the rat middle ear mucosa (1995)
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 252 (1995), S. 244-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Irradiation ; Middle ear mucosa ; Cilia Effusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Adult Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 64) were used in this study to replicate in an animal model tissue change formed clinically during radiotherapy for the treatment of head and neck malignancy. Gamma irradiation was administered to both ears of each rat, using a cobalt-60 machine. A total dose of 30 Gy was administered, with 500 cGy/fraction given on 6 consecutive days to a time-dose fractionation value of 81. Animals were then sacrificed at sequential intervals. The tympanic bullae were removed and the mucosa was processed for scanning electron microscopy. Tissue findings indicated that irradiation might initially have no influence on the clearance activity of the middle ear. However, ultrastructural changes showed stagnation of secretion between cilia, falling off and different directions of the cilia, fused or collapsed cilia, and eustachian tube dysfunction (with mucosal edema). These findings possibly account for the occurrence of middle ear effusions in patients during and after radiotherapy for head and neck malignancy. It is our concept that insertion of a ventilation tube is necessary if abnormal mucociliary function appears, in order to clear and prevent the accumulation of any middle ear effusions and prevent further mucociliary dysfunction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00179919
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of the middle ear mucosa in patients with chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma (1996)
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 253 (1996), S. 56-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Cholesteatoma ; Middle ear mucosa ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Tympanomastoid ultrastructure ; Chronic inflammation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mucosa of the middle ear was obtained from the promontory wall in each of 20 patients during cholesteatoma surgery. Specimens were processed for both scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Non-ciliated mucosal cells were commonly found, with most being secretory cells with secretory droplets and microvilli. The patterns of distribution of microvilli on the surface of these cells were variable. The interciliary spaces were stagnated with secretion. Bacilli were present in five cases. Falloff of mucosal cells was common and intercellular spaces were widened. Compound cilia were observed sporadically. Polymorphic nuclear inflammatory cells, macrophages and fibroblasts appeared in the submucosal area. These findings indicate that although remaining adjacent mucosa after removal of cholesteatoma looks free of disease under the operating microscope, it is actually in a diseased condition with impaired mucociliary function. The cells and bacteria seen microscopically may account for postoperative inflammation, thus warranting continued postoperative antimicrobial medication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00176705
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of human papillomavirus in cholesteatomas (2000)
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 257 (2000), S. 120-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Key words Cholesteatoma ; Middle ear infections ; Human papillomavirus ; Polymerase chain reaction ; In situ hybridization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The presence of human papillomavirus DNA in cholesteatoma may have some role in the development of middle ear cholesteatoma as well as in papilloma. In the present study, polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization with human papillomavirus (HPV)-6 and ¶-11 DNA probes were used to detect the presence of HPV DNA in 32 human middle ear cholesteatomas. Only one specimen contained HPV-6 DNA. Although its occurrence may have been coincidental, it is also possible that the hyperproliferative epithelium of cholesteatomas might have some relationship with HPV infections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004050050206
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