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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and characterization of Frankia from nodules of actinorhizal plants of Pakistan (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 70 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Frankia strains have been isolated from actinorhizal nodules of Alnus (2 strains), Casuarina (5 strains), Coriaria (1 strain), Datisca (3 strains), Elaeagnus (1 strain) and Hippophae (1 strain). The isolates were characterized for their growth on various carbon and nitrogen sources, nitrogen-fining ability in culture and nodulation of seedlings of the original host plant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1987.tb06141.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen-fixing root nodules inDatisca Cannabina L. (1979)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 51 (1979), S. 163-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Acetylene reduction ; Actinomycete symbioses ; Datisca cannabina ; Nitrogen fixation ; Root nodules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The occurrence of root nodules inDatisca cannabina is reported. The nodules are typically of the Alnus type, forming dichotomously-branched coralloid clusters. The enlarged cortical cells contain vesicle clusters of the endophyte. The nodules reduced acetylene to ethylene at a rate of 5.5 μmoles ethylene per g fresh wt of nodules per hour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02205938
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations on the ultrastructure ofFrankia sp. in root nodules ofDatisca cannabina L. (1984)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 79 (1984), S. 383-402 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Actinorhizae ; Datisca cannabina ; Frankia ; Nitrogen fixation ; Root nodules ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The fine structures of the microsymbiont inside the root nodules ofDatisca cannabina have been studied by light, by transmission- and by scanning-electron microscopy. The endophyte is prokaryotic and actinomycetal in nature. The hyphae are septate and branched, diameter 0.3–0.5 μm. The tips of hyphae are swollen to form electron-dense, clubshaped to filamentous vesicles, ranging in diameter: 0.4–1.4 μm. The endophyte penetrates through walls of the cortial cells. The infected zone is kidney shaped and confined to one side of the acentric stele. The orientation of infection is reversed from other actinorhizae exceptCoriaria. The hyphae are near the host cell wall and vesicles are directed towards the central vacuole. Vesicles are aseptate and no collapsing of the vesicle cell wall (void area) has been observed. Vesicle clusters structures are globular with an opening at one side of the cluster. The host cell is multinucleate or contains a lobed nucleus. Groups of mitochondria are located in between the hyphae, suggesting a strong association between the host and the endophyte for energy supply and amino acid production. The consequences of the inability to separate the mitochondria from the vesicle clusters in nodule homogenates in physiological studies have been discussed. Isolated vesicles clusters showed dehydrogenase activity, indicated by the presence of formazan crystals, after incubation with NADH and NBT. Strongest reducing activity was found within the vesicles. The possible role of filamentous vesicles in nitrogen fixation has been discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02184330
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physiological studies on N2-fixing root nodules ofDatisca cannabina L. andAlnus nitida Endl. from Himalaya region in Pakistan (1984)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 78 (1984), S. 129-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Actinorhizas ; Alnus nitida ; Amino acid composition ; Datisca cannabina ; Hydrogen uptake ; Inoculation ; Nitrogen fixation ; Root nodules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The nodulation and the morphology and physiology of the nodules were studied onDatisca cannabina, a perennial herb from northern Pakistan andAlnus nitida, a nodulated tree in the same locality. Both species bear coralloid clusters of actinorhizal nodules. The main free amino acid inD. cannabina nodules was arginine while the predominant free amino acid inA. nitida nodules was citrulline. The infectivity of crushed nodules of both types of plants on their respective host was about 106 infective particles per gram of nodule fresh wt. In cross-inoculation experiments crushed nodule inoculum fromA. nitida failed to induce nodulation onD. cannabina seedlings but the crushed nodule inoculum fromD. cannabina caused low nodulation on seedlings ofA. nitida (103 infective particles. g. nodule fresh wt.). The activity of nitrogenase, hydrogenase and respiration (O2 uptake) were measured in detached nodules, nodule homogenates and the 20 μm residue and 20 μm filtrate preparations from the nodules of both species. Both species showed similar patterns of activities except that only the nodule homogenate and 20 μm residue preparations fromD. cannabina showed pronounced enhancement of the O2 uptake by succinate which was further stimulated by ADP. This has in part been explained by the presence of mitochondria in close connection with the endophyte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02277845
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Actinomycetous root nodules in angiosperms of Pakistan (1981)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 60 (1981), S. 341-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Actinomycetous nodules ; Actinomycete symbiosis ; Actinorhizal plants ; Alnus ; Elaeagnus ; Hippophaë ; Casuarina ; Coriaria ; Datisca ; Rubus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In a survey, out of the nineteen genera of non-leguminous angiosperms that are already reported to bear actinomycete-induced nitrogen-fixing root nodules from various parts of the world, the species of seven genera (Alnus, Elaeagnus, Hippophaë, Coriaria, Datisca, Rubus and Casuarina) have been located in Pakistan and checked for nodulation. All the investigated species of the these genera, except those of Rubus and some of the introduced species of Casuarina, were found to bear nodules. In all 12 species belonging to six genera of five families have been recorded to bear actinorhizal nodules in Pakistan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02149630
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology, physiology and infectivity of twoFrankia isolates An 1 and An 2 from root nodules ofAlnus nitida (1984)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 78 (1984), S. 45-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Actinorhizae ; Alnus nitrida ; Frankia ; Host-specificity ; Nitrogen fixation ; Root nodules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Two different strains, An 1 and An 2, were obtained from root nodules ofAlnus nitida Endl., collected from one locality in the area of its natural habitat near Bahrin, District Swat, Pakistan. The light and electron microscopy of the isolates revealed the occurrence of septate and branched hyphae bearing sporangia and vesicles. The strains differed in their growth requirements, nitrogen-fixing ability and production of extracellular pigments, thus indicating the existence of more than oneFrankia strain in the same locality. In the absence of combined nitrogen in the medium strain An 1 formed vesicles and fixed N2 (up to 200 nmol C2H4. mg protein−1.h−1), while strain An 2 under the experimental conditions formed only few vesicles and fixed N2 at a very low rate (ca 10 nmol C2H4. mg protein−1 .h−1). The nitrogenase activity of strain An 1 was strongly affected by the O2 concentration.Frankia An 1 and An 2 were infective and effective onA. nitida andA. glutinosa but not onDatisca cannabina andElaeagnus umbellata. Both An 1 and An 2 strains were more infective and effective onA. glutinosa thanFrankia strains AvcIl and CpI1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02277839
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