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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 13 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: This paper describes a model which was developed to simulate the effect of automated liming on the quality of a Welsh lake (Llyn Brianne) and its outflow river. The objective was to model the amount of lime required to dose the input streams under a variety of conditions. It was concluded that it would be feasible to install automatic-dosing equipment on the two input streams to deliver sufficient lime to ensure that the pH of the lake and water downstream was controlled at a pH value of 6.0 or greater, thus stabilizing water quality for fish and other aquatic biota.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 10 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: A programme was undertaken in order to quantify the heavy-metal contribution from domestic sources with respect to total loads entering a chosen sewage-treatment works. Input waters, household cleaning and body-care products, and wastewater from household appliances, were sampled and analysed for heavy metals. The data were combined with literature values to predict the total load of heavy metals entering the sewage-treatment works from the study catchment.This paper identifies the major domestic sources of heavy metals and quantifies them based upon a catchment model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 5 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Previous attempts to utilize ion chromatography for the analysis of sea water samples have failed through chronic interference by the major ions (na, Mg, Ca) during the preconcentration stage. As part of ongoing research into ion chromatography, a technique has been developed to overcome these interferences, using a two-stage preconcentration step, prior to separation on a cation-exchange column. This has made it possible to detect μg/l quantities of trace metals in samples containing g/l concentrations of sodium, magnesium and calcium. A modified commercially-available ion chromatographic system was used to analyse copper, nickel, zinc, cobalt and manganese in saline waters. Detection limits were typically less than 1 μg/l, with relative standard deviation of less than 10%. Hence this new method has the potential to provide an inexpensive multi-elemental sea water analysis with the minimum of handling. In addition, the simplicity and sensitivity of the technique may make it suitable for unattended use as a remote monitor of metals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 109 (1992), S. 27-33 
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: arsenic speciation ; water analysis ; hydride ; storage ; hidden arsenic ; photolysis ; interstitial waters
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The determination of arsenic species by the trapping of volatile hydrides prior to atomization in the light path of an atomic absorption spectrometer is described and its operation in the measurement of arsenic species in the marine environment are discussed. Examples are drawn from the analysis of Tamar estuary water and sediment interstitial (pore) waters and from studies of the temporal variation of dimethylarsenic in coastal waters. Improvements in both the design and operation of the technique have resulted in enhanced performance. Baseline resolution of inorganic arsenic, monomethylarsenic and dimethylarsenic is now possible and trimethylarsine is resolved. Ultraviolet photolysis of arsenobetaine and arsenocholine gives partial conversion to trimethylarsine oxide. This can be employed in the qualitative appraisal of the presence of trimethylarsenic species. Current detection limits (3 sigma) for inorganic, mono- and di-methylarsenic lie in the range 19 to 61 pg absolute, giving 19–61 ng/1 concentration detection limits for 1 ml samples. This can be improved even further by using larger sample volumes. The properties of the analysis system when presented with various arsenic species are described. A ca. 10% loss of arsenite occurs in samples stored at —20 °C and immediate freezing of samples in liquid nitrogen is recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 3 (1989), S. 509-514 
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Analysis ; arsenic ; marine ; algae ; arsenosugars ; hydride generation ; methylation ; speciation ; organoarsenic ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The analysis of ultraviolet (UV)-irradiated and untreated seawater samples has shown that the dissolved arsenic content of marine waters cannot be completely determined by hydride generation-atomic absorption spectrophotometry without sample pretreatment. Irradiation of water samples obtained during a survey of arsenic species in coastal waters during the summer of 1988 gave large increases in the measured speciation. Average increases in the measured speciation. Average increases in total arsenic, monomethylarsenic and dimethylarsenic were 0.29 μg As dm-3 (25%), 0.03 μg As dm-3 (47%) and 0.12 μg As dm-3 (79%), respectively. Overall, an average 25% increase in the concentration of dissolved arsenic was observed following irradiation.This additional arsenic may be derived from compounds related to algal arsenosugars or to their breakdown products. These do not readily yield volatile hydrides when treated with borohydride and are not therefore detected by the normal hydride generation technique. This has important repercussions as for many years this procedure, and other analytical procedures which are equally unlikely to respond to such compounds, have been accepted as giving a true representation of the dissolved arsenic speciation in estuarine and coastal waters. A gross underestimate may therefore have been made of biological involvement in arsenic cycling in the aquatic environment.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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