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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Primärer Aldosteronismus ; Aldosteron ; Nebenniere ; Primary aldosteronism ; Aldosterone ; Adrenal gland
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The diagnostic validity of adrenal isotopic scanning, adrenal venous aldosterone, adrenal phlebography and computed abdominal tomography (CT) was studied in 44 patients with primary aldosteronism. In all patients the diagnosis was confirmed by surgery (unilateral adrenal adenoman=32, bilateral adrenal hyperplasian=12). Both adrenal scintiscan, adrenal venous aldosterone and CT allowed in a comparable high percentage of patients (71%) the exact classification of the adrenal lesion(s), whereas adrenal phlebography could distinguish adenoma from hyperplasia in 57%. Marked differences between the lateralization procedures, however, were observed in predicting incorrect preoperative identification: adrenal scintiscan 29%, adrenal venous aldosterone 3%, adrenal venography 6% and CT 0%. Finally, the percentage of patients in whom no differentation between the two main subgroups of primary aldosteronism could be obtained varied between 0% with adrenal isotopic scanning and 37% with adrenal phlebography (CT 29% and adrenal venous aldosterone 26%). Both scientiscan and adrenal venous aldosterone were not improved by the administration of dexamethasone. Our findings document that adrenal venous aldosterone determinations, adrenal isotopic scanning and computed tomography are equally valid in differentiating unilateral adenoma from bilateral adrenal hyperplasia in primary aldosteronism. However, adrenal scientiscan is hampered by a relative high percentage of incorrect results independant whether dexamethasone was used or not. Contrary, adrenal venous aldosterone and computed tomography seemed to have no or only a minor risk in assuming an incorrect classification of the adrenal lesion(s).
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei 44 Patienten mit primärem Aldosteronismus wurde die diagnostische Wertigkeit der seitengetrennten Aldosteronbestimmung im Nebennierenvenenblut, der Nebennierenphlebographie, der Nebennierenszintigraphie sowie der Computer-Tomographie untersucht. Bei allen Patienten wurde die Diagnose chirurgisch gesichert bzw. bestätigt (unilaterales Nebennierenrindenadenomn=32, bilaterale Nebennierenrindenhyperplasien=12). Sowohl die seitengetrennte Aldosteronbestimmung im Nebennierenvenenblut als auch die Nebennierenszintigraphie und die Computer-Tomographie erlaubten in einem vergleichbar hohen Prozentsatz (71%) die exakte Klassifizierung der Nebennierenrindenläsion(en), während die Nebennierenphlebographie in etwa 57% zwischen unilateralem Adenom und bilateraler Hyperplasie unterscheiden konnte. Deutliche Unterschiede ergaben sich jedoch in bezug auf eine inkorrekte präoperative Differenzierung: Nebennierenszintigraphie 29%, Nebennierenvenenaldosteron 3%, Nebennierenphlebographie 6% und Computer-Tomographie 0%. Der Prozentsatz der Patienten, bei denen aufgrund der Untersuchung keine Differenzierung zwischen den beiden Hauptgruppen des primären Aldosteronismus getroffen werden konnte, schwankte zwischen 0% bei Szintigraphie und 37% bei der Phlebographie (Nebennierenvenenaldosteron 26% und Computer-Tomographie 29%). Die Aussagefähigkeit sowohl der Szintigraphie als auch der Aldosteronbestimmung im Nebennierenvenenblut konnte durch die zusätzliche Gabe von Dexamethason nicht verbessert werden. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, daß beim primären Aldosteronismus die Aldosteronbestimmung im Nebennierenvenenblut, die Nebennierenszintigraphie sowie die Computer-Tomographie in ihrer diagnostischen Wertigkeit zur Differenzierung zwischen unilateralem Adenom und bilateraler Hyperplasie vergleichbar gut sind. Die Nebennierenszintigraphie ist jedoch durch einen relativ hohen Prozentsatz an falscher Klassifizierung der Nebennierenrindenläsion(en) belastet. Demgegenüber scheint sowohl die Aldosteronbestimmung im Nebennierenvenenblut als auch die Computer-Tomographie nur ein geringes Risiko an inkorrekter Differenzierung zwischen Adenom und Hyperplasie zu besitzen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear reactions
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: NUCLEAR REACTIONS
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear reactions
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Zentrale pontine Myelinolyse ; Extrapontine Myelinolysen ; Zerebrale Kernspintomographie ; Zerebrale Computertomographie ; Klinischer Verlauf ; Key words Central pontine myelinolysis ; Extrapontine myelinolyses ; Cerebral nuclear magnetic resonance tomography ; Cerebral computed tomography ; Clinical course
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Retrospective examination of 44 patients with central pontine and/or extrapontine myelinolysis leads to the conclusion that in early diagnostics cerebral NMR is superior to cCT. T2-weighted images turned out to be the most sensitive parameter. Frequent contrast-medium enhancement early in the course up to 4 weeks after clinical manifestation in 7 patients underlines the pathogenetic idea of an initial transient blood-brain barrier. According to our results, central-pontine myelinolysis (CPM) proof by NMR can be expected after 1 week. During the clinical course, cCT and NMR findings showed no regression. Also no connection was noted between the size of the pontine lesion and the favorable clinical course in 72.2% of the patients, nor was there a correlation with the extent of the neurological symptoms at the crisis of the disease. Altogether, cCT and NMR are irrelevant for the prognosis of cerebral myelinolysis.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die retrospektive Untersuchung an 44 Patienten mit zentralen pontinen und/oder extrapontinen Myelinolysen läßt den Schluß zu, daß die zerebrale MRT der CCT in der Frühdiagnostik überlegen ist, wobei sich die T2-Wichtung als sensibelster Parameter erwies. Das häufige KM-Enhancement gerade in der Frühphase bis zu 4 Wochen nach klinischer Manifestation bei 7 Patienten unterstrich die pathogenetische Vorstellung einer initialen transienten Blut-Hirn-Schrankenstörung. Bei entsprechendem klinischen Verdacht ist nach unseren Ergebnissen der ZPM-Nachweis in der MRT nach 1 Woche zu erwarten. Im Verlauf kam es nur zu einer tendenziellen Regredienz der CCT- und MRT-Befunde, wobei ein Zusammenhang zwischen pontiner Läsionsgröße und dem überwiegend bei 72,7% der Patienten günstigen klinischen Verlauf ebensowenig bestand wie eine Korrelation zum Ausmaß der neurologischen Symptomatik auf dem Höhepunkt der Erkrankung. Insgesamt haben somit zerebrale Computertomographie und zerebrale Kernspintomographie bei zerebralen Myelinolysen keinen Prognosewert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 16 (1986), S. 135-139 
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Fifty-one patients aged 1 year to 56 years with metabolic bone disease underwent renal ultrasound. Medullary nephrocalcinosis was found in nine of 24 patients with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets and is considered to be iatrogenic, related to vitamin D therapy. Another three in this group of 24 with both medullary and cortical increased renal echogenicity had suffered from repeated episodes of vitamin D intoxication and had secondary hyperparathyroidism. Nephrocalcinosis was less frequent in patients with treated vitamin D-dependent rickets or hypophosphatemic bone disease where generally smaller doses of vitamin D are given. Patients with pseudohypoparathyroidism, on small doses of vitamin D, had a normal renal ultrasound. In cystinosis and Fanconi's syndrome, the kidneys are small, echodense (both the cortex and medulla) with a tendency to cyst formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 21 (1991), S. 254-257 
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Three premature infants (mean gestational age 27 weeks) ranging in age from 3 to 11 weeks, were treated for lung abscesses, with a combination of antibiotics and percutaneous needle aspiration under either ultrasound or fluoroscopic guidance. Antibiotics, to which microorganisms cultured from aspirated pus were sensitive, were continued for a further period of two weeks, with no relapse in any of the patients. The lung abscesses resolved in all cases without the need for catheter drainage or surgery. In conclusion, needle aspiration under either ultrasound or fluoroscopic guidance is a simple and effective diagnostic and therapeutic method of managing neonatal lung abscesses. Its early use allows selection of the most appropriate antibiotics and may hasten recovery, prevent further complications and obviate the need for surgery. The use of a drainage catheter does not appear to be necessary for resolution of the abscesses. The procedure appears reasonably safe, since complications arising from the procedure were benign.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 29 (1999), S. 309-315 
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. Multicystic renal dysplasia (MCDK) is a common anomaly well described in the literature, but less well described when involving only a portion of a kidney. Objective. To present the imaging spectrum, natural history and associated anomalies of six kidneys with segmental MCDK. Materials and methods. Five children with segmental MCDK (one with bilateral segmental MCDK) referred to our hospital between 1989 and 1996 were reviewed. All had at least one ultrasound examination. Four had a voiding cystogram and three had renal scintigraphy. Results. Four children had antenatal diagnosis of cystic renal abnormality. In two, with obvious duplex kidneys and associated ureteroceles, the diagnosis of upper moiety MCDK was obvious either antenatally or immediately postnatally. In the other three there were diagnostic difficulties. One patient had bilateral widespread cysts obscuring the functioning renal portions. Another presented in utero with a large ureterocele and a cystic upper pole that had involuted by birth. The fifth had a nephrectomy at 3 years for a multiloculated cystic mass. Varying degrees of involution occurred in the five kidneys seen early. Reflux was demonstrated into the ipsilateral functioning lower moiety and midpole. Conclusion. In these children as in other studies, the commonest presentation of segmental MCDK is in the upper pole of a duplex kidney associated with a ureterocele at the end of the atretic ureter. Atypical segmental MCDK may present a diagnostic dilemma and should be included in the differential diagnosis of multiloculated cystic masses and cystic kidneys.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 15 (1985), S. 56-57 
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In adults and children increased renal cortical echogenicity on ultrasound examination is now well recognized as a feature of renal parenchymal disease due to a variety of etiologies. The degree of echogenicity appears related to the severity of the renal disease, histologically. The sonographic renal pattern of the neonate and in particular, of the premature, differs generally from that of the adult in that the renal cortex of the very young may be “normally” more echogenic than in later life. Marked cortical echogenicity however, is a sign of renal parenchymal disease even in the premature, as illustrated in the case that follows with documented cytomegalovirus nephritis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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