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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Does conditioned nausea mediate drug-induced conditioned taste aversion? (1982)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 78 (1982), S. 277-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Conditioned taste aversion ; Scopolamine ; Prochlorperazine ; Lithium ; Amphetamine ; Morphine ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two antiemetic drugs were tested on the expression of taste aversions previously conditioned in rats with lithium, amphetamine or morphine. Neither prochlorperazine nor scopolamine administered prior to testing attenuated established aversions, although both drugs are known to have antiemetic effects in other species. Negative findings were obtained with a range of doses of prochlorperazine and scopolamine, with strong and weak aversions, with one- and two-stimulus tests, in a repeated one-stimulus extinction procedure, with between- and within-group designs and with hooded, albino, male and female rats. The results do not support the widely accepted hypothesis that conditioned nausea mediates conditioned taste aversion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00428165
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of training conditions in discrimination of central nervous system stimulants by rats (1981)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 73 (1981), S. 295-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Amphetamine ; Cocaine ; Apomorphine ; p-Hydroxyamphetamine ; Drug discrimination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Amphetamine and some related compounds were compared in rats trained to discriminate (+)-amphetamine (0.4,1.0 or 1.6 mg/kg) or cocaine (10.0 mg/kg) from the nondrug condition in a standard, two-bar procedure with food reinforcement (n=5–6). Amphetamine and cocaine were generalized completely with each other, in most cases at dose levels which did not greatly reduce the overall numbers of responses. The ED50 values for amphetamine and cocaine varied with the drug and dose used for training, and it was concluded that the stimuli produced by the two drugs were similar but may not be identical. There was an excellent correlation between ED50 values derived from indices of barselection and percentage-responding on the drug-appropriate bar. Apomorphine was generalized with amphetamine only in the rats trained with the higher doses of amphetamine, and only when administered in doses which greatly reduced the overall number of responses. Para-hydroxyamphetamine increased responding on the drug-appropriate bar only when administered in high doses to the rats trained with the lowest dose of amphetamine (0.4 mg/kg). The results strengthen the evidence that the particular drug and dose level used for training can significantly affect the outcome of generalization tests, and challenge the notion that the discriminability of drugs is an immutable property that is amenable to absolute measurement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00422421
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of some behavioural effects of amphetamine and electrical brain stimulation of the mesolimbic dopamine system in rats (1981)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 75 (1981), S. 184-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Amphetamine ; Electrical brain stimulation ; Operant behaviour ; Drug-discrimination ; Rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Separate groups of rats were trained to press a lever on either a fixed-ratio 40 or fixed-interval 1-min schedule of food reinforcement. Amphetamine increased low rates and decreased high rates of responding. In contrast, electrical stimulation of rewarding sites in the ventral tegmentum was effective only in decreasing high response rates. Stimulation of non-rewarding sites had little effect upon either low-or high-rate responding. Another group of rats was trained to discriminate between amphetamine (1.0 mg/kg) and saline in a standard two-lever procedure with food reinforcement. The internal stimulus produced by the stimulation of rewarding sites did not substitute readily for the discriminative stimulus produced by amphetamine. The results suggest that the operant response-rate decreasing property of amphetamine may be partially mediated through the mesolimbic dopamine system. However, this system may not play a prominent role in mediating either the operant response-rate increasing or discriminable properties of this drug. The idea that the abuse liability of amphetamine may be related to the ability of the drug to interact with one of the central reward systems is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00432185
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A conveyor belt task for assessing visuo-motor coordination in the marmoset (Callithrix jacchus): Effects of diazepam, chlorpromazine, pentobarbital and d-amphetamine (1985)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 86 (1985), S. 125-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Visuo-motor coordination ; d-Amphetamine ; Diazepam ; Chlorpromazine ; Pentobarbital ; Marmoset
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A conveyor belt task for assessing visuo-motor coordination in the marmoset is described. Animals are motivated by apple, a preferred food, under a state of minimal food deprivation. The apparatus used was designed to test animals within their home cages and not restrained in any way, thus avoiding possible confounding factors associated with restraint stress. Stable baseline levels of performance were reached by all animals in a median of 24 sessions. Performance was shown to be differentially sensitive to the effects of four psychoactive drugs. Moderate doses of diazepam, chlorpromazine and pentobarbital disrupted visuomotor coordination in a dose-related manner. The possibility that disruption of performance observed at higher doses may have resulted from non-specific actions of these drugs such as decreases in feeding motivation were not supported by results from ancillary experiments. Changes in performance characteristic of high dose effects were similar in nature to changes observed when the degree of task difficulty was increased. Doses of d-amphetamine up to and including those reported to produce signs of stereotypy failed to influence performance. The potential of the conveyor belf task for measuring visuo-motor coordination in both primate and rodent species is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00431696
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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