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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 23 (1998), S. 485-495 
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 23 (1998), S. 568-572 
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: MR—colonography—Virtual colonoscopy—Polyp colonoscopy.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Background: To evaluate the potential of magnetic resonance colonography (MRC) in detecting colorectal mass lesions. Methods: Twenty patients underwent MR imaging (MRI) before colonoscopy. The colon was filled with a gadolinium (0.5 mol):water mixture (1:100) under MRI control, and patients were imaged while breath-holding imaged with a three-dimensional spoiled gradient echo sequence in the prone and supine positions. Images were interactively analyzed based on the combination of multiplanar reconstruction and virtual colonoscopy by a radiologist blinded to colonoscopic findings and the patient's history. MRC interpretations were correlated with colonoscopic results. Results: Polyps smaller than 5 mm could not be identified with MRC. The sensitivity for detecting polyps of 5–10 mm was 70%, whereas mass lesions larger than 10 mm were all detected (sensitivity = 100). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for identifying polyp-positive patients including the three patients with small (〈5 mm) polyps were 64%, 89%, and 75%, respectively. Conclusion: Virtual colonoscopy based on MRI data is feasible and should be evaluated in a larger sample of patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Septic puerperal ovarian vein thrombosis (SPOVT)—Computed tomography—Magnetic resonance angiography—Ultrasound.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Septic puerperal ovarian vein thrombosis (SPOVT) is one of the underlying etiologies of puerperal fever. A correct diagnosis of this condition is important because adequate treatment requires additional administration of anticoagulants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of duplex color Doppler ultrasound (CDUS), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in the detection of SPOVT. Methods: Twenty-six patients with puerperal fever suspected to be due to SPOVT and unresponsive to broad antibiotic treatment for at least 48 h were included in a prospective study using CDUS, CT, and MR imaging including MRA. Examinations were analyzed and then correlated to a standard of reference gathered from surgical and clinical follow-up data and from results of imaging. Results: SPOVT was present in nine patients (right side n = 8, bilateral n = 1). CDUS was inconclusive due to gaseous distention of the bowel or obesity in 13 of 26 cases. After counting inconclusive findings as wrong results for statistical purposes, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for CDUS were 55.6%, 41.2%, and 46.2%, respectively. CT had a sensitivity of 77.8% with a specificity of 62.5%; accuracy was 68.0%. MRA rendered conclusive results in all evaluated patients, resulting in a sensitivity and specificity of 100%. Conclusion: MRA is recommended in all patients with inconclusive CDUS findings and persistent suspicion for SPOVT. CT has the advantage of more rapid access and lower cost and thus will probably remain a sufficiently accurate alternative.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 5 (1995), S. 36-42 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Flow quantitation ; Pedal blood flow ; Peripheral vascular occlusive disease ; Phase contrast MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study attempts to evaluate the reliability of cine phase contrast (PC) flow measurements in the assessment of normal pedal blood flow and quantitation of revascularisation-induced flow changes in patients with end-stage peripheral vascular occlusive disease (PVOD). Oblique axial cine-PC acquisitions were obtained on a 1.5 T MRI system at the level of the talotibial joints in 8 normal subjects on four separate occasions. Subsequently 8 patients with end-stage PVOD were examined before and after surgical revascularisation (bilateral, n = 2; unilateral, n = 6). Measured flow in the trifurcation vessels was highly variable among normal subjects. Total pedal flow ranged from 32 to 183 ml/min (mean 91 ml/min) and was significantly different between the subjects evaluated (P 〈 0.0001). Measurements in the same subject over time were considerably less variable (P 〈 0.005). Normal arterial flow patterns were consistently triphasic; those in patients with PVOD were either mono- or biphasic. Pedal flow measured by cine-PC in patients was reduced compared with normal subjects (mean 38.3 ml/min). Flow was slower in symptomatic limbs (26.7 ml/min) compared with asymptomatic ones (48.9 ml/min). Flow increases in revascularised limbs (mean 315%) were significantly different from those observed in non-affected limbs (P 〈 0.005). The ability to quantitate pedal blood flow and subsequent revascularisation-induced flow increases appears promising for the identification of optimal treatment options and monitoring of treatment results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 7 (1997), S. 981-989 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: 3D contrast-enhanced MR angiography ; Gadolinium ; Aorta ; Pulmonary arteries
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) has become a useful non-invasive imaging technique for the assessment of vascular disease. Due to limitations such as respiratory motion artefacts, saturations problems, and long acquisition times, applications of MRA in the thorax have largely been restricted to imaging of the aorta. The recent introduction of breath-hold three-dimensional (3D) contrast-enhanced MRA promises not only to enhance conventional MR protocols for aortic imaging, but to extend the clinical indications of MRI to diseases affecting other vascular structures of the thorax, most notably the pulmonary arteries. This article describes the technical aspects of contrast-enhanced 3D MRA and reviews existing and potential future clinical applications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 6 (1996), S. S5 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Breast MRI ; Mammography ; Breast neoplasm ; Contrast-enhanced MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of conventional mammography and dynamic contrast-enhanced fast 3D gradient-echo (GRE) MRI regarding the detection and characterization of breast lesions relative to histopathologic analysis and to assess the results of a combined evaluation of both methods. fifty consecutive patients with 63 histopathologically verified breast lesions underwent dynamic contrast-enhanced GRE MRI in addition to routine conventional mammography. All lesions were classified by both methods on a five-point scale as benign or malignant, and the results were correlated to histopathology. Conventional mammography and dynamic MRI yielded a sensitivity and specificity of 82 and 64 %, and 92 and 76 %, respectively. The difference between the results was statistically not significant (p 〉 0.05) with areas under the receiver-operating-characteristics curves of 0.807 for mammography and 0.906 for MR imaging. Combination of the results of both methods slightly increased the sensitivity for detection of breast cancer to 95 % but decreased specificity to 52 %. In this selected patient subset, including only patients referred for excisional biopsy, contrast-enhanced dynamic MRI proved more sensitive and specific than conventional mammography regarding the detection of malignancy. While a combination of both methods yields a slightly improved sensitivity, specificity is vastly reduced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 8 (1998), S. 371-376 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: MR mammography ; Breast ; Implants ; Augmentation ; Complications
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Mammographic evaluation of the augmented breast is challenging, since breast implants obscure significant amount of breast tissue while diminishing the effect of compression. Posttherapeutic scarring can make mammographic interpretation even more difficult. MRI has thus evolved into the modality of choice for diagnosing implant complications as well as detection of primary or recurrent breast cancer in these patient population. The present article attemps to give an overview of the MR findings of different breast augmentation and reconstruction techniques, i. e. prosthetic breast implants, breast reconstruction with autogenous tissue, free silicone injections and fat grafts, and their complications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: 3D MR imaging ; Oral contrast agents ; Gastric tumors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of MR gastrography, based on 3D MRI following the oral administration of Gd-DOTA-enriched blueberry juice, in order to depict alterations of the gastric wall. The stomachs of three volunteers and three patients were examined on a 1.5-T MR system. Following ingestion of 400 ml of blueberry juice spiked with 2 ml of Gd-DOTA, each subject underwent 3D MR imaging in three positions: 45 ° left lateral decubitus, supine, and 45 ° right lateral decubitus. In each position, a coronal 3D SPGR acquisition consisting of 60 continuous 2-mm slices was acquired over a 35-s breathhold (TR/TE = 4.0/1.8 ms, 40 ° flip angle, 0.5 excitations, voxel size of 1.25 × 1.66 × 2.00 mm). Multiplanar reformats (MPR), maximum intensity projections (MIP), surface shaded displays (SSD), and virtual intraluminal endoscopic views (VIE) were calculated. Magnetic resonance gastroscopy was tolerated well by all subjects without adverse effects. Based on the 3D MRI data sets acquired in various patient positions, all regions of the stomach and the proximal duodenum were visualized to good advantage. Whereas MPR and MIP provided a morphologic overview, SSD and VIE images permitted analysis of the gastric mucosa. Normal mucosa could be differentiated from the course and irregular pattern characterizing carcinomatous infiltration. The 3D SPGR data sets acquired following ingestion of oral Gd-DOTA-spiked blueberry juice permits exoscopic and virtual endoscopic viewing of the stomach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 8 (1998), S. 528-539 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: MRA ; time-of-flight ; MRA ; contrast-enhanced ; Vascular disease ; diagnosis ; Blood flow ; velocity ; MRI ; function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Initially, time-of-flight angiography found its way into clinical routine for imaging vascular morphology. In conjunction with phase-contrast imaging, functional and morphological assessment of vascular pathology became possible. The flow dependence and associated artifacts inherent to these techniques have restricted the clinical use of these magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) techniques to the extra- and intracranial arterial, as well as the systemic and portal, venous systems. With the advent of high-performance gradient systems a new, promising MRA strategy has been developed: contrast-enhanced 3D MR angiography. It is based on the combination of rapid 3D imaging and the T1-shortening effect of intravenously infused paramagnetic contrast. This review provides a technical overview and critically discusses the clinical application for the different MRA techniques regarding morphological as well as functional assessment of the vascular system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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