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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    How a ponerine ant acquired the most evolved mode of colony foundation (1998)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 45 (1998), S. 343-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Key words: Ponerinae, Discothyrea oculata, semi-claustral foundation, spider predation.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary: Founding queens of the ponerine ant Discothyrea oculata always install themselves in spider nests where both shelter and ample food permit their entire first brood to develop, while other Ponerinae repeatedly forage for prey. This evolved mode of founding colonies is nevertheless different from that of subfamilies with claustral colony founding (first generation nanitic workers developing from larvae fed from the queen's reserves) as the first workers, developing from larvae fed on spider eggs, are of a similar size as those of mature colonies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000400050093
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Étude éco-éthologique de la prédation chez les fourmis du genreSmithistruma (Formicidae, Myrmicinae, Dacetini) IV. Le polyéthisme chezS. truncatidens (1985)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 32 (1985), S. 389-402 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Foragers (huntresses) of the predaceous antSmithistruma truncatidens develop behaviorally from guard ants, which in turn originate from one or the other of two pathways: some serve first as nurses, others become directly guards. These stages behave differently towards the principal preys (Isotomid collembolans), as follows: flight or no reaction in young individuals; avoidance or backward movement in nurses; direct attack followed by stinging in guards; pause followed by approach and antennating, then seizure by appendage and stinging in huntress workers. Under experimental conditions, huntress workers acquire pausing behavior generally between the 16th and the 19th day after their first going outside the nest.
    Notes: Resume Une étude sur le polyéthisme montre que chezS. truncatidens les ouvrières pourvoyeuses sont issues des gardiennes ayant elles-mêmes une double ascendance. Une partie provient d'ouvrières inactives, l'autre, de nourrices. Lorsqu'on place des ouvrières des différents status sociaux en présence de proies essentielles (Collemboles Isotomidae) nous observons les réactions suivantes: fuite ou absence de réaction chez les néonates, évitement ou recul chez les nourrices, attaque directe et piqûre chez les gardiennes et immobilisations (arrêt) suivie d'une approche lente et d'une palpation antennaire bien marquée précédant la saisie d'un appendice et la piqûre chez les pourvoyeuses. L'acquisition de la phase d'arrêt chez les pourvoyeuses dans les conditions de nos expériences a lieu le plus souvent entre le 16e et le 19e jour suivant la première sortie.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02224016
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Étude du comportement de prédation dans le genreStrumigenys (Formicidae-Myrmicinae) (1986)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 33 (1986), S. 388-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The analysis of the possibilities of localization of prey by foraging workers shows that the maximal distance is 3 mm.eThe whole behaviour sequence includes the following phases: detection, localization, approach, antennation, attack with abrupt mandible closure, lifting, stinging and transport. A sequential analysis establishes that antennation is more emphasized when the prey is immobilized or is anaesthetized with CO2. In this last case, the prey is seized by a slow closure of the mandibles of the ant which is followed by transport to the nest. The lifting and stinging phases are more frequent when the living prey is larger. In this case, the attack is insufficient to kill or to knock out the prey which struggles to pull away. After a failure during an attempt of capture the ant presents a new behaviour allowing a quick localization of the prey.
    Notes: Resume L'analyse des possibilités de localisation des proies par les ouvrières pourvoyeuses montre que la distance maximale est de 3 mm. La séquence comportementale la plus riche, lors de la capture de la proie, comprend les phases suivantes: détection, localisation, approche, palpation antennaire, attaque avec fermeture brusque des mandibules, soulèvement, piqûre et transport. Une analyse séquentielle montre que la palpation est la plus intense quand la proie s'immobilise ou est anesthésiée au CO2. Dans ce dernier cas, la proie est saisie à la suite d'une fermeture lente des mandibules suivie aussitôt du transport vers le nid. Les phases de soulèvement et de piqûre sont d'autant plus fréquentes que la proie vivante est plus grosse. En effet, dans ce cas, l'impact de l'attaque est insuffisant pour tuer ou étourdir la proie qui se débat afin de se dégager. A la suite d'un échec au cours d'une tentative de capture, un comportement particulier permet aux fourmis de retrouver leur proie.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02223947
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth-related changes in predation behavior in incipient colonies of the ponerine antEctatomma tuberculatum (Olivier) (1992)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 39 (1992), S. 129-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Ants ; colony growth ; development of behavior ; predation strategy ; guarding behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We traced the development in the laboratory of 18 young colonies of the arboricolous ponerine antEctatomma tuberculatum. Colony foundation is of the partially-claustral type. During the early stages, when the colony is entirely dependent on the queen's behavior, the growth of the colony in terms of number of workers produced over time was relatively predictable. Afterwards, divergence in colony growth in function of the time increases as fast as the number of workers influences the efficiency of colony provisioning. Comparative analysis indicated clear changes in the predation behavior of foundresses and workers as colonies developed. For any stage of colony growth, all individuals provisioned the nest with dead prey or sugar-rich substances in the same way. However, prey hunting involves two different strategies. Foundresses and nanitic workers (originating from colonies with 9–15 workers) foraged actively, catching prey as the result of random encounters. Post-nanitic foragers (originating from colonies with 20–30 workers) and those from nature colonies developed an ambush strategy. Workers in these colonies gained experience at catching and handling prey during a period when they acted as nest guards, and so tended to be more efficient hunters than poorly experienced foundresses or nanitic foragers. The change in strategy was also positively correlated with an increase in the size of workers as the colony matured. A stable maximum in workers size is apparently reached only after the appearance of efficiently hunting foragers, presumably in numbers sufficient to provide adequate quantity and quality of larval food. Such a correlation between worker size and colony growth, assumed general for all ants, has not been demonstrated for Ponerinae before this work.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01249289
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adaptative properties of the chemical trail system of the African weaver antOecophylla longinoda Latreille (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Formicinae) (1992)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 39 (1992), S. 341-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Oecophylla longinoda ; orientation ; trail pheromones ; fæcal marking ; chemical communication ; tropics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Trail communication of the weaver antOecophylla longinoda is highly adapted to the African rain forests, insofar natural selection in the tropics might favour chemical trails which are durable in nature. A dry chemical trail can last over nine weeks, and over ten months when reinforced with fecal marking. The trail pheromones are resistant to rain, whether they are fresh or three months old, and whether they are reinforced or not with anal deposits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01323954
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in worker polymorphism in Myrmicaria opaciventris Emery (Formicidae, Myrmicinae) (2000)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 47 (2000), S. 50-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Key words: Colony founding, polymorphism, Myrmicinae, Myrmicaria opaciventris.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary: The colony ontogeny of Myrmicaria opaciventris was studied by comparing worker number and worker size in foundations with one queen (haplometrosis) or 2 to 6 queens (pleometrosis) and in established colonies. Measurements taken of head width related to scape length showed that the worker caste is weakly polymorphic and exhibits a unimodal size distribution. Classically, the first workers produced in both types of foundations are smaller than those emerging later. Moreover, the worker caste allometry changes with the type of foundation and the age of colony: it varies from a negative allometry for haplometrotic foundations to a stage of isometry in pleometrotic foundations and finally a positive allometry for established colonies. The number of workers produced by the queens is classically larger in pleometrotic than in haplometrotic foundations. However, two uncommon phenomena are described in this species: (1) queen association during colony founding increases their individual fecundity; and (2) the workers produced differ in size and allometry according to the type of foundation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000400050008
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dominance hierarchy in colonies of Belonogaster juncea juncea (Vespidae, Polistinae) (2000)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 47 (2000), S. 158-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Key words: Dominance hierarchy, linearity, Belonogaster, Polistinae.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary: Dominance behaviours and the structure of the dominance hierarchy in colonies of Belonogaster juncea juncea are described. The frequency of these behaviours was recorded for each individual by noting "all occurrences of rare behaviours". Among the dominance behaviours recorded, the most frequent was "grappling," which represents 69.8 % of the total number of dominance interactions observed. The overall frequency of dominance behaviours was 0.4 ± 0.36 and 2.99 ± 1.97 per hour per individual in pre- and post-emergence colonies, respectively. The data were submitted to the Appleby test, which shows the hierarchy's highly significant level of linearity. The a female showed the highest frequency of dominance interactions and initiated 81.5 % and 48.8 % of the total dominance interactions observed in pre- and post-emergence colonies, respectively. A weekly record of the frequency of dominance interactions throughout the biological cycle shows that this frequency was highest before or immediately after the disappearance of the dominant female. The most aggressive dominance behaviour (falling fights) was observed only during the weeks after the dominant's departure. This behaviour is thus involved in the establishment of the hierarchy and not in its maintenance, which is accomplished by means of less aggressive behaviours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00001695
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nesting site selection by wasps in the Guianese rain forest (1998)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 45 (1998), S. 33-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Key words: Wasps, nesting sites, palm trees, Astrocaryum sciophilum, French Guiana.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary: In the edge of the rain forests in French Guiana, the large leaves of young Astrocaryum sciophilum, a palm tree with long thin spines (up to 9 cm) along their central vein, shelter significantly more mason as well as social wasps' nests, than leaves of other plants. Other such plants include older conspecific individuals with spines, but compound leaves, and young Bactris simplifrons, a palm tree with similar leaves but devoid of spines. The choice of these leaves is due to the association of two factors: (1) these large leaves with a concave underside offer good protection against inclement weather, and (2) the spines on which the wasps' nests are anchored serve as "acquired pedicels", offering protection against ant predation. As a consequence, the wasps' nests are found under these leaves in both inter- and intraspecific clusters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000400050066
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Étude de la ponte a basse température deTemnothorax recedens (Nyl.) et de quelques espèces du genreLeptothorax (Formicidae, Myrmicinae) (1974)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 21 (1974), S. 407-415 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary From studies in the field and in the laboratory of oviposition at low temperatures byTemnothorax recedens and 5Leptothorax all from the region of Toulouse, the following conclusions may be drawn: -T. recedens andL. rabaudi lay abundantly in winter. The queens of the former start to lay when the temperature reaches 7,5°C whereas the workers begin to lay at 10°C. Queens and workers ofL. rabaudi begin to lay at 15°C. - The queens ofL. niger are capable of laying from 7,5°C whereas the critical temperature for the workers is 15°C. Not all colonies are fecund, the nesting site seeming to be of great importance. -L. unifasciatus rarely lays in winter and when it does the number of eggs always low. -L. angustulus andL. nylanderi are not fecund in winter. The micro-climate of the biotope chosen by the colony seems very important. As the nests are near the surface,Leptothorax is subject to wide variations of temperature and the high temperatures found even during the cool season in stations in sunny sites may explain winter vitellogenesis. The origin and the distribution of the species are also important factors.
    Notes: Résumé L'étude sur le terrain et au laboratoire de l'aptitude à pondre aux basses températures deTemnothorax recedens et de 5Leptothorax de la région toulousaine permet les conclusions suivantes: -T. recedens etL. rabaudi ont une ponte abondante en hiver. Les reines de la première espèce déposent des œufs à partir de 7,5°, alors que les ouvrières pondent à partir de 10°. Reines et ouvrières deL. rabaudi pondent toutes deux à partir de 15°. -L. niger dont les reines sont capables de pondre dès 7,5°, alors que le seuil thermique est de 15° pour les ouvrières, n'est pas féconde dans toutes les sociétés. L'emplacement du nid doit jouer un grand rôle. -L. unifasciatus ne pond que rarement l'hiver et toujours un petit nombre d'œufs. -L. angustulus etL. nylanderi ne sont pas fécondes l'hiver. L'aspect micro-climatique du biotope choisi par les colonies semble très important; en raison de leur nidification très superficielle lesLeptothorax subissent d'importantes variations de températures et dans les stations très ensoleillées les fortes températures relevées même pendant la saison froide peuvent expliquer la vitellogenèse hivernale. L'origine et la répartition des espèces sont un facteur également important.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02331568
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trajets d'approvisionnement a partir d'un nid central chez la fourmiSerrastruma lujae (Formicidae: Myrmicinae) (1989)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 36 (1989), S. 51-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The movements ofS. lujae worker ants were analysed under experimental conditions approximating those of the African rain season (humidity at saturation point), using a correlated random walk model developed by one of the authors. With this model it is possible to account for random movements and to quantify the sinuosity of an animal's path in terms of an index which is affected neither by the length of the paths nor by the accuracy with which they have been recorded. Foraging workers on leaving the nest take a very sinuous path to which the random walk model can be applied. After capturing an item of prey, the ant takes a very direct path back to the nest. These findings are in agreement with a previous central place foraging model in which the ants' exploratory paths were taken to be erratic and their return paths direct.
    Notes: Resume Nous avons analysé les déplacements des ouvrières deS. lujae dans des conditions expérimentales reproduisant celles de la saison des pluies en Afrique (humidité à saturation) et en utilisant le modèle de la randonnée développé par l'un de nous. Ce modèle, qui permet de rendre compte des déplacements de type aléatoire, permet de quantifier la sinuosité d'un déplacement par un indice ne dépendant ni de la longueur des trajets ni de la précision avec laquelle ils ont été relevés. Les ouvrières chasseuses présentent dès leur sortie du nid un trajet exploratoire très sinueux auquel le modèle de la randonnée est applicable. Après capture d'une proie, le retour au nid est très direct. Ces résultats sont en accord avec un modèle d'approvisionnement autour d'un nid central dans lequel les trajets exploratoires sont erratiques et les retours directs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02225880
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