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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 99 (1977), S. 5780-5784 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words GABAB receptor ; CNS ; Dorsal root ganglia ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The anatomical distribution of the GABAB receptor (GBR) splice variants GBR1a and 1b in the CNS has not previously been studied. In the present study, distribution of the splice variants was mapped using immunohistochemistry. Polyclonal antibodies against splice variant unique epitopes were raised in rabbits. Affinity purified antibodies were used according to routine immunohistochemical procedures in sections from the rat CNS or dorsal root ganglia (DRG). The staining intensity was high in the cerebral cortex but lower in basal ganglia and the hippocampus. In the cerebellum, there was a marked difference in the distribution of GBR1a- and 1b-like immunoreactivity (LI). GBR1a-LI was preferentially localised in the granule cell layer whilst GBR1b-LI was mostly found in Purkinje cells and in the molecular layer. Cell bodies of the deep cerebellar nuclei stained for the GBR1a antibody while terminals surrounding the cell bodies were strongly labelled with the GBR1b antibody. A similar pre- vs postsynaptic pattern was seen in several nuclei ventral or caudal to the cerebellum (e.g. the cochlear nucleus, the facial nucleus, the spinal cord) but not in regions rostral to the cerebellum. In the spinal cord, strong labelling for both antibodies was seen in the dorsal horn. The GBR1b but not the GBR1a antibody stained tanycytes in the epithelium of the 3rd ventricle and in the central canal at the brain stem level. DRG neurons were positive for both the GBR1a and 1b antibody, but the former stained the cells much more intensely. Satellite cells were labelled with the GBR1b antibody. The most important aspect of these findings is that in some nuclei, GBR1b may mediate inhibition of transmitter release while in the same regions, GBR1a may mediate postsynaptic inhibition. Further, the observations support previous findings that GBR1b is the predominant splice variant in Purkinje cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 12 (1977), S. 311-317 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Fluoride ; single- and multiple dose kinetics ; plasma concentration ; urinary excretion ; saliva/plasma concentration ratio
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The doses of fluoride (F) recommended in the literature for caries prevention and for the treatment of osteoporosis vary. This partly reflects inadequate knowledge of F pharmacokinetics. In the present study various single and multiple oral doses of F were given to eight volunteers, who had a strictly controlled F intake in the diet. The resulting plasma and parotid saliva concentrations as well as urinary output of F were measured. The plasma data fitted a two-compartment open model with a β-slope half-life ranging between 2 and 9 h. Plasma clearance was 0.15±0.02 (SD) liter/kg/h. Data from the highest dose (10 mg) were fitted to both two- and three-compartment models, and there was no significant difference between them. Multiple doses of F 3.0 or 4.5 mg yielded steady state concentrations ranging from 54 to 145 ng/ml. About 50 per cent of the given dose was recovered in the urine, which is indicative of considerable accumulation in the body. The saliva F/plasma F concentration ratio was 0.64 with a coefficient of variation of 5%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 211-215 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: fluoride ; bioavailability ; calcium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of milk products on the gastrointestinal absorption of fluoride from sodium fluoride tablets was studied in five healthy subjects. Two different diets were tested: (1) 250 ml standardized milk (3% fat) and (2) 500 ml of milk, 3 pieces of white bread with cheese and 150 ml of yoghurt. The 100% bioavailability of sodium fluoride tablets during fasting was greatly decreased by coadministration of milk products: with Diet 1 the absolute bioavailability calculated from combined plasma and urine data was in the range 50–79% and with Diet 2 it ranged from 50–71%. It is suggested that the decreased bioavailability produced by dairy products should be taken into account when establishing fluoride dosage regimens for prophylaxis of caries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 18 (1980), S. 189-194 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: fluoride ; renal clearance ; urinary pH ; fluoride kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Five healthy subjects were each given fluoride 3.0 mg (F) as sodium fluoride tablets on two occasions — during production of acid urine, induced by giving NH4Cl, and during production of alkaline urine obtained by giving NaHCO3. Frequent plasma and urine samples were taken up to 12 h and were analyzed with a F− sensitive electrode. Control experiments without F administrations were also performed to permit calculation of net F concentration in plasma and urine. The urine F excretion was lower during acid than alkaline diuresis. Pharmacokinetic analysis of the net plasma F concentrations showed that the apparent plasma half-life of F was longer when urine was acid (4.3±0.6 h: SD; n=5) than when it was alkaline (2.4±0.4 h). This could be explained by changes in the renal clearance of F, which was always lower with an acid (61.5±8.1 ml/min) than an alkaline (97.8±10.4 ml/min) urine. The apparent extra-renal clearance, which mainly represents clearance to the bone-pool, was also significantly higher during production of alkaline (109.2±20.2 ml/min) than of acid (86.3±21.3 ml/min) urine. It is suggested, that increased reabsorption of non-ionic hydrogen fluoride (HF) is responsible for the decreased renal clearance during acidic conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Micron And Microscopica Acta 21 (1990), S. 139-143 
    ISSN: 0739-6260
    Keywords: Adenovirus ; Esherichia coli ; bacterial cells ; gold ; scanning electron microscopy ; sputtering ; tungsten ; virions
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0888-7543
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5386-5395 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The hole-electron pair generation region in a semiconductor bombarded by a scanning electron beam can be modeled as a circular cylinder tangent to the semiconductor surface. A cross-sectional plane normal to the cylinder is then examined. Under conditions of high semiconductor surface recombination velocity, a conformal transformation of this plane can be made to yield a geometry in which the method of images can be used to match boundary conditions at the junction and at the semiconductor surface. Thus, a solution for the electron-beam-induced current (EBIC) problem can be found in this manner when the generation region is external to the diffused or implanted region of a finite junction depth. An infinite series of images can be used to solve the problem when the generation region is within the diffused or implanted region under conditions of low, as well as high, surface recombination velocity. Thus, expected EBIC results are presented as a function of junction depth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports 9 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0838
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Sports Science
    Notes: This prospective cohort study evaluated the incidence of acute groin injuries and estimated the distribution of differential diagnoses in male soccer players. Two senior male soccer divisions (21 teams, 326 players) were followed for 1 year. Patients with groin injuries were examined clinically as well as by herniography, sonography and by plain x-ray of the pelvic bones. Groin injuries accounted for 8% of all injuries. The incidence of groin injury was 0.8/1000 h of exposure. Thirteen (52%) of the 25 patients were clinically considered to have a muscle/tendon injury. However, when using sonography, muscle/tendon injury was only verified in 1 patient. Clinical suspicion of hernia or incipient hernia was evident in 4 (16%) of the patients, while 14 (56%) had a pathological finding at herniography. Clinical and paraclinical (i.e. diagnostic methods using imaging and other advanced techniques) diagnoses do not correspond very well in acute groin injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports 11 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0838
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Sports Science
    Notes: One hundred and thirty-two consecutive soccer players (117 males and 15 females, median age 23, range 16–39 years) underwent primary reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) with an iliotibial band (ITB) autograft. All patients were followed prospectively for a minimum of 2 years. One hundred and eighteen patients (89%) attended an independent observer follow-up after a median of 47 (24–92) months. The time before participating in soccer was a median of 7 (5–24) months. At a median of 4 years, 80 (68%) were still active soccer players, while 38 had changed activity to a lower level. Twenty-five gave up soccer playing for reasons unrelated to the knee, and 13 (11%) gave up due to problems from the reconstructed knee. The Lysholm score improved from a median of 82 (range 42–99, mean [SD] 80.5 [±11.9]) points prior to the operation to a median of 99 (range 57–100, mean [SD] 94.6 [±8.5]) at follow-up. The Tegner score improved from a median of 3.5 (0–7) preoperatively to 9 (1–10). Four patients (3%) sustained a rupture of the graft: three ruptures occurred among the 15 females (20%), and one was seen among the 117 males (0.8%) (P=0.01). Eight per cent had predominantly minor cosmetic complaints from the donor-site hernia, while 51% had temporary discomfort from the staples used for graft fixation. Using the ITB autograft for ACL reconstruction, we found excellent and good results in soccer players with ACL deficiency and high demands for optimal knee function. The failure rate in general was comparable with other methods, and the majority was still active in soccer sports at a median of 4 years after surgery. An unacceptably high rerupture rate was registered in female players.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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