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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Cerebral toxoplasmosis ; Homosexual
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A homosexual man with a history of sexually transmitted infections including recent giardiasis and high cytomegalovirus (CMV) titer was admitted with generalized weakness, headache, and depression. He rapidly became comatose and developed signs of increased intracranial pressure. CT scan revealed a right cerebral lesion. Pathologic examination disclosed an acute necrotizing granulomatous toxoplasmosis involving the cerebrum. This case represents an example of an opportunistic infection in a male homosexual associated with fulminant clinical course, probably on the basis of immune deficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 142 (2000), S. 33-37 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Carotid cave; intracranial aneurysms; surgical approach; contralateral approach.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary ¶ Background. To evaluate the surgical approach and clipping of aneurysms located at the carotid cave region.  Method. Between 1980 and 1998 we have adopted the well known ipsilateral approach for exposure and securing of carotid cave aneurysms. In four patients, we had the opportunity to use a contralateral approach to carotid cave aneurysms, with easier dissection and application of a simple aneurysmal clip. The visual acuity of the patients did not deteriorate from the pre-operative level.  Finding and Interpretation. Aneurysms located at the carotid cave region may be approached easily and safely through a contralateral craniotomy with application of the aneurysm clip from an angle medial and inferior to the optic nerve.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 22 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 44 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aims : To report three cases of primary carcinoma of the neck arising in multilocular thymic cysts (MTC).Methods and results : The patients were three men aged 47, 50 and 52 years who presented with a painless neck mass of several weeks' duration. The patients had no history of previous surgical procedures or of malignancy elsewhere. The tumours in all three patients were located on the right lateral side of the neck; all patients underwent complete surgical resection of the mass. Grossly, the tumours were cystic and measured between 20 and 30 mm in greatest diameter. Histologically, the tumours showed cyst walls lined by squamous epithelium. The cyst walls contained prominent germinal centres with lymphoid hyperplasia, cholesterol cleft granulomas, and scattered keratinized structures reminiscent of Hassall's corpuscles. In addition, a neoplastic cellular proliferation composed of round to oval cells arranged in sheets and originating from the lining of the cystic structures was present. The neoplastic cells showed moderate amounts of eosinophilic cytoplasm, round nuclei, and, in some areas, prominent nucleoli. Mitotic figures were easily found, and cellular pleomorphism was present in several areas. In two cases the tumours showed features of basaloid carcinoma of the thymus, while in one case the pattern was that of squamous cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemical studies for keratin showed a strong positive reaction in the tumour cells, while leucocyte common antigen strongly stained the lymphoid background. Follow-up information obtained in two patients showed them to be alive 6 months after initial diagnosis. One patient was lost to follow-up.Conclusion : The cases described here represent an unusual variant of carcinoma arising in multilocular thymic cyst in the neck region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 134 (1985), S. 37-62 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Sechs Substrate, unbehandelte Baumwolle (Substrat I), alkalibehandelte Baum-wolle (Substrat II) und cyanoethylierte Baumwolle, die 0,12% N (Substrat III), 0,55% N (Sustrat IV), 0,77% N (Substrat V) und 1,24% N (Substrat VI) enthielten, wurden pfropfcopolymerisiert, entweder mit Acrylsäure oder Styrol mit unterschiedlichen Monomerkonzentrationen und Bestrahlungsdosen. Der Einfluß unterschiedlicher Anteile Wasser/Methanol im Reaktionsmedium auf die Pfropfcopolymerisation wurde untersucht. Ferner wurden Feuchtigkeitsrückhaltevermögen und Färbbarkeit der Substrate vor und nach der Copolymerisation geprüft. Es zeigte sich, daß die Pfropfausbeute mit zunehmender Monomerkonzentration und Bestrahlungsdosis ansteigt, unabhängig von dem verwendeten Monomeren oder Substrat. Die Verwendung von Wasser/Methanol-Gemischen als Polymerisationsmedium war beim Pfropfen von Styrol vorteilhaft. Für gegebene Polymerisationsbedingungen zeigt die Pfropfausbeute folgende Reihe: Substrat VI 〉 Substrat V 〉 Substrat IV 〉 Substrat III 〉 Substrat II 〉 Substrat I, was darauf hinweist, daß die Anwensenheit der Cyanoethylgruppe in der Molekülstruktur der Baumwollcellulose zusätzliche Stellen zur Pfropfcopolymerisation benötigt. Polyacrylsäure-cyanoethylierte Baumwollpfropfcopolymere zeigten ein viel höheres Feuchtigkeitsrückhaltevermögen als cyanoethylierte Baumwolle, insbesondere wenn die Carboxylgruppen beim Pfropfen in der Form des Natriumsalzes vorlagen.Das Gegenteil war der Fall für Polystyrol-cyanoethylierte Baumwollcopolymere, die ein viel geringeres Feuchtigkeitsrückhaltevermögen zeigen im Vergleich mit cyanoethylierter Baumwolle.Die Farbtiefe der cyanoethylierten Baumwolle, die mit Direkt- oder Reaktivfarbstoffen gefärbt wurde, nimmt deutlich nach der Copolymerisation mit Polyacrylsäure vor dem Färben ab. Andererseits verbessert die Copolymerisation die Affinität der cyanoethylierten Baumwolle für den basischen Farbstoff und wirkt sich merklich auf den Farbton aus.In bezug auf Polystyrol-cyanoethylierte Baumwoll-Pfropfcopolymere erlangen sie eine höhere Farbtiefe als die cyanoethylierten Baumwollen, wenn sie mit Direkt-, Dispersions- und basischen Farbstoffen, jedoch geringere Farbtiefe, wenn sie mit Reaktivfarbstoffen gefärbt wurden. Zum Vergleich wird über das Feuchtigkeitsrückhaltevermögen und Färbbarkeit von unbehandelter und alkalibehandelter Baumwolle vor und nach der Copolymerisation mit Acrylsäure oder Styrol berichtet.
    Notes: Six substrates, untreated cotton (substrate I), alkali-treated cotton (substrate II), and cyanoethylated cottons having 0.12% N (substrate III), 0.55% N (substrate IV), 0.77% N (substrate V) and 1.24% N (substrate VI) were graft copolymerized with either acrylic acid or styrene at different monomer concentrations and radiation dosages. The effect of using water/methanol mixtures at different ratios as polymerization media for graft copolymerization of the six substrates with styrene on the graft yield was also investigated. Furthermore, moisture regain and dyeability of the six substrates before and after copolymerization were examined. It was found that the graft yield increases by increasing monomer concentration and radiation dose irrespective of the monomer or substrate used. Using water/methanol mixtures as polymerization media was advantageous for grafting of styrene onto the six substrates. Nevertheless, for a given set of polymerization conditions, the graft yield follows the order: substrate VI 〉 substrate V 〉 substrate IV 〉 substrate III 〉 substrate II 〉 substrate I, indicating that presence of cyanoethyl groups in the molecular structure of cotton cellulose affords additional sites for graft polymerization. Poly(acrylic acid)-cyanoethylated cotton graft copolymers show much higher moisture regain than cyanoethylated cottons particularly when the carboxylic groups of the graft were in the sodium form. The opposite holds true for poly(styrene)-cyanoethylated cotton graft copolymers which exhibit much lower moisture regain as compared with cyanoethylated cottons. The colour strength of cyanoethylated cotton dyed with direct or reactive dyes decreases significantly after copolymerization with poly(acrylic acid) prior to dyeing. On the other hand, this copolymerization improves the affinity of cyanoethylated cottons for the basic dye and brings about perceptible shade. With respect to poly(styrene)-cyanoethylated cotton graft copolymers, they acquire higher colour strength than the cyanoethylated cottons when dyed with direct, disperse, and basic dyes but lower colour strength upon dyeing with the reactive dye. Also reported were the moisture regain and dyeability of untreated and alkali-treated cotton before and after copolymerization with acrylic acid or styrene for comparison.
    Additional Material: 11 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 38 (1995), S. 125-139 
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: acrylic acid ; nylon-6 fabric ; radiation grafting ; cations ; water absorption ; SEM ; DSC ; hydrophilicity ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The role of certain cations as homopolymer inhibitors in the direct radiation grafting of acrylic acid to nylon-6 fabric was investigated. The grafting solution was methanol and water at a ratio of 30 : 70 vol%. The maximum graft yield was obtained at 0·08 wt% when using Fe2+ and at 0.7% for Fe3+. In addition, the graft yield obtained with the latter ion was higher than that for the former. Moreover, the presence of Na+ and K+ salts in concentrations as low as 0·1 wt% caused an increase in the graft yield. The hydrophilic properties investigated indicated that the water absorption of nylon-6 fabric after 9 days increased by 44 times after grafting with poly(acrylic acid) at 166% graft yield. This ratio became 123 times, when this graft copolymer was transformed to the sodium salt. These ratios became 105 and 490 times for the corresponding recrystallized forms, respectively. A study was made to gain a better understanding of the observed super water absorption using SEM and DSC analysis. SEM micrographs of the recrystallized copolymer indicated the formation of large pores with a dendritic structure. Moreover, DSC showed a decrease in both the heat of fusion and melting point. The grafted nylon-6 fabric showed a noticeable affinity for different dyestuffs.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 30 (1985), S. 4057-4067 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Unmodified cotton fabric, cyanoethylated cottons having 0.12, 0.55, 0.77, and 1.24% N as well as cotton treated with NaOH under conditions similar to those of cyanoethylation but in absence of acrylonitrile were exposed to gamma radiation doses (3.199-31.199 Mrads). The six substrates before and after irradiation were assessed for copper number, carboxyl content, degree of polymerization, tensile strength, and elongation at break to determine the extent of degradation of these substrates. The effect of radiation dose on the nitrogen content of cyanoethylated cottons was also examined. It was found that degradation is higher the higher the radiation dose irrespective of the substrate used. Nevertheless, the extent of degradation is determined by nature of the substrate. Introduction of cyanoethyl groups in the molecular structure of cotton cellulose impart certain resistance to radiation degradation of cotton provided that these groups are present in appreciable amounts (0.55% N and above). The cyanoethyl groups seems to impede oxidation of the cellulose hydroxyls and/or glucosidic bonds against radiolysis. On the other hand, when present in smaller amounts, the cyanoethyl groups are not able to outweigh the increased accessibility of cotton cellulose brought about by the alkaline environment of the cyanoethylation reaction. Hence, substrates containing lower cyanoethyl contents are more susceptible to degradation than the modified cotton, and in this respect they are similar to alkali-treated cotton.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 39 (1990), S. 427-446 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The changes in the mechanical and thermal properties of electron-beam-irradiated PMP of two different molecular weights (〈Mw〉 = 9.2 × 105, 〈Mw〉 = 1.8 × 106) have been studied. Electron beam (EB) irradiation was performed either in a nitrogen or air atmosphere to a maximum dosage of 40 Mrad. Stress-strain behavior of the irradiated materials show that the lower molecular weight polymer is more affected within this dose range than the higher molecular weight material. The modulus of both PMP materials (at 23°C), however, was not affected by EB. Moreover, it was observed that by increasing radiation dose up to 10 Mrad the occurrence of yielding disappeared in the case of the lower molecular weight system but was still found in the high molecular weight material up to 20 Mrad. The elongation at break of both PMP materials was systematically decreased by increasing the dose level. The rate of stress-relaxation of irradiated samples increased as dosage increased. It is believed that oxidative degradation is promoted as a result of irradiation which induces chain scission. This result was confirmed by GPC analysis which showed that, by increasing radiation dose, the molecular weight systematically decreased. DSC measurements used to investigate the changes in thermal properties showed that the melting temperature and heat of fusion decreased as the dose increased. An interesting feature of the DSC studies was the presence of an endothermic doublet in the melting behavior that transformed into a single peak following irradiation.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 44 (1992), S. 1671-1677 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Polypropylene fabric was gamma pre-irradiated at doses of 1,2 and 3 Mrads. The irradiated fabric was grafted with an aqueous solution of 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate. The graft yield was studied as a function of the different variable conditions such as storage time, monomer concentration (10-40%), reaction time, and temperature (50, 70, 100°C). The grafted polypropylene was further quaternized with dimethyl sulphate or monochloroacetic acid. The grafted and quarternized fabrics were dyed with an acid dye. The fixation properties of the dyed samples were determined by DMF extraction. The moisture regain and mechanical properties were also measured.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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