Library

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Islet cell antibodies ; Type 1 diabetes mellitus ; mumps infection ; virus infections ; autoimmunity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Islet cell antibodies were investigated in 127 non-diabetic children after mumps infection and in four out of seven children who developed diabetes mellitus shortly after active mumps vaccination. Twenty-one of the children who had mumps and all four vaccinated children who were tested had islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies. In contrast, islet cell surface antibodies were detected in 43 out of 68 patients with mumps infection and in 32 out of 44 patients with other viral diseases. All but one mumps-infected child and all the other viral infected patients investigated did not develop diabetes mellitus. The mumps-infected ICA positive children did not show those HLA-frequencies associated with Type 1 diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Diabetic retinopathy ; rat model ; aminoguanidine ; glycation ; retinal basement membrane.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have previously shown that long-term administration of aminoguanidine, an inhibitor of advanced glycosylation product formation, reduces the extent of experimental diabetic retinopathy in the rat by 85 %. In order to determine whether the residual retinopathy that developed despite aminoguanidine was attributable to advanced glycation endproduct formation, a time-course study was performed in three different groups of male Wistar rats: non-diabetic controls (NC), streptozotocin-diabetic controls (DC) and streptozotocin-diabetic rats treated with aminoguanidine HCL, 50 mg/100 ml drinking water (D-AG). Eyes were obtained at 24, 32, 44 and 56 weeks of diabetes/treatment duration and morphologic evaluation was done on retinal digest preparations. At 56 weeks, retinal basement membrane thickness was additionally measured. After 24 weeks of diabetes, the number of acellular capillaries was significantly elevated in DC (44.6 ± 5.7/mm2 of retinal area, NC 19.6 ± 4.9; p 〈 0.001) and increased continuously over time (DC 56 weeks 87.4 ± 15.1; p 〈 0.001 vs DC 24 weeks). In contrast, acellular capillaries in D-AG increased over the first 24 weeks and then remained constant for the rest of the study (D-AG 24 weeks 35.7 ± 5.18; p 〈 0.01 vs NC 24 weeks and NS vs DC 24 weeks; D-AG 56 weeks 42.0 ± 6.20; p NS vs D-AG 24 weeks). Diabetes-associated pericyte loss (DC 24 weeks 2310 ± 170/mm2 of capillary area; NC 24 weeks 3120 ± 190; p 〈 0.001; DC 56 weeks 1570 ± 230; NC 56 weeks 2960 ± 50; p 〈 0.001) was significantly prevented by aminoguanidine after diabetic-like changes over the initial 24 weeks (D-AG 24 weeks 2450 ± 75; p NS vs DC 24 weeks; D-AG 56 weeks 2350 ± 90; p 〈 0.001 vs DC 56 weeks). At 56 weeks, aminoguanidine treatment was associated with a 67.4 % reduction in retinal basement membrane thickening. This time-course study demonstrates that aminoguanidine prevents the progression of experimental diabetic retinopathy, and suggests that non AG-inhibitable mechanisms are involved in the initial phase of diabetic retinopathy. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 269–273]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: B-cells ; insulin ; immunohistology ; freezedrying ; formol fixation ; insulin secretion ; in vivo-in vitro stimulation ; sulphonylureas ; insulin-antibodies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Nous avons comparé trois techniques histoimmunologiques différentes chez le rat sur les cellules bêta du pancréas: les coupes après congélation de tissus frais, la méthode de congélation-dessiccation et la méthode avec du matériel fixé à la formaline. La méthode des coupes après congélation de tissus trouve une limitation dans la difficulté d' obtenir de bonnes préparations cytologiques. La méthode de congélation-dessiccation offre de nombreux avantages, p.ex. l'immobilisation instantanée et définitive des constituants des tissus et le fait que les changements chimiques dans les tissus sont réduits au minimum, mais elle exige beaucoup de temps. — Nous avons montré l'effet de la tolbutamide et de la glibenclamide sur les cellules bêta avec la méthode de fixation à la formaline. In vivo, l'administration intra-veineuse de glucose (10 g/kg) ne produisait pas de dégranulation des cellules B après 2, 4 et 24 h. En utilisant une seule injection de tolbutamide (500 mg/kg) et de glibenclamide (1 mg/kg) il n'y avait pas de diminution de la fluorescence pendant les premières 6 h. Par contre, après 8 h, nous avons remarqué une faible diminution de la fluorescence qui s'accentuait pendant les 12 et 24 h suivantes. Après 24 h les îlots de Langerhans présentaient un centre complètement dégranulé et seulement quelques cellules halopériphériques réagissaient aux anticorps anti-insuline marqués à la fluorescéine. Inversement l'administration intraveineuse d'anticorps anti-insuline produisait une dégranulation complète après 5 h.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Die Arbeit schildert zunächst die verschiedenen Möglichkeiten des immunhistologischen Nachweises von Insulin im Pankreas. Als optimale Methode zur Aufarbeitung des Gewebes erwies sich die Formalinfixation mit folgender Paraffineinbettung. Die Kryostattechnik liefert unbefriedigende Resultate und eignet sich nur als Screening-Verfahren. Die Gefriertrocknungstechnik mit folgender Paraffineinbettung ist zeitlich recht aufwendig und hat den Nachteil der limitierten Gewebsgröße. Sie bietet dagegen den Vorteil, daß sie die natürlichen Verhältnisse in Zelle und Gewebe am besten bewahrt. — Anschließend wird über die Auswirkungen von Stimulationsversuchen zur Insulinsekretion auf den immunhistologisch nachweisbaren Insulingehalt der Langerhans'schen Inseln bei der Ratte berichtet. Intravenös injizierte Glucose führt auch in hoher Konzentration (10 g/kg) weder nach 2, 4 noch nach 24 Std zu einer immunhistologisch nachweisbaren Abnahme des Insulingehaltes der B-Zellen. Nach einmaliger intravenöser Gabe von Tolbutamid (500 mg/kg) sowie von Glybenclamid (1 mg/kg) kam es ebenfalls in den ersten 6 Std zu keiner Verminderung der Immunfluoreszenz der BZellen. Diese zeigt sich erst nach 8 Std an einzelnen Zellen des Inselzentrums, wird deutlicher nach 12 Std in einem größeren Zellbereich und hat nach 24 Std durch Entspeicherung fast aller Zellen mit Ausnahme der Peripherie ihr Maximum erreicht. Im Gegensatz dazu tritt nach intravenöser Injektion von Insulinantikörpern eine nahezu komplette Entspeicherung von immunhistologisch nachweisbarem Insulin bereits nach 5 Std ein.
    Notes: Summary The immunohistological detection of insulin in whole pancreatic tissue and isolated islets was studied, using cryostat sections, freeze-dried material and in formalin-fixed tissue. Cryotomy produces unsatisfactory results and can only be used as a screening procedure. The freeze-drying technique followed by paraffin embedding is time consuming, but possesses an advantage in that it best guards the natural morphological relationships in cells and tissue. — The results of experiments designed to determine the immunohistologically-provable content of insulin in the islets of Langerhans of rats by means of various stimulants to insulin secretion are reported. Intravenously injected glucose in high concentration (10 g/kg) does not lead to an immunohistologicallyprovable decrease in the insulin content of the beta cells, after either 2, 4 or 24 h. During the first 6 h following a single intravenous medication of tolbutamide (500 mg/kg) or of glibenclamide (1 mg/kg) there is no decrease in the immunofluorescence of the beta cells. The decrease, apparent after 8 h, becomes more clear in a wide range of cells after 12 h, and has reached its climax after 24 h. At this time, nearly all of the cells of the islet are degranulated except those in the periphery. On the contrary, 5 h following intravenous injection of insulin antibodies, an almost total decrease in immunohistologically-provable insulin can be observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetic retinopathy ; rat model ; hypertension ; SHR ; aminoguanidine ; glycation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Arterial hypertension has been identified as a major secondary risk factor for diabetic retinopathy. However, the mechanisms by which hypertension worsens retinopathy are unknown. Inhibition of advanced glycation product formation prevents the development of experimental diabetic retinopathy in normotensive diabetic rats. In this study the effect of hypertension on the rate of diabetic retinopathy development and the formation of arteriolar thrombosis was evaluated. We also evaluated the effect of aminoguanidine, an inhibitor of advanced glycation end product formation on retinal pathology of diabetic hypertensive rats. After 26 weeks of diabetes, hypertension accelerated the development of retinopathy despite a lower mean blood glucose level than in the non-hypertensive group (diabetic spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) 16.00±6.83 mmol/l; diabetic normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) 34.9±3.64 mmol/l; p〈0.0001). Diabetic SHR had nearly twice as many acellular capillaries as diabetic WKY (SHR diabetic: 91.9±7.5 acellular capillaries per mm2 of retinal area vs WKY diabetic: 53.7±8.5 acellular capillaries per mm2 of retinal area), and a 3.8-fold increase in the number of arteriolar microthromboses (SHR diabetic 23504±5523 μm2 vs SHR non-diabetic 6228±2707 μm2). Aminoguanidine treatment of SHR diabetic rats reduced the number of acellular capillaries by 50%, and completely prevented both arteriolar deposition of PAS-positive material and abnormal microthrombus formation. These data suggest that hypertension-induced deposition of glycated proteins in the retinal vasculature plays a central role in the acceleration of diabetic retinopathy by hypertension.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetic retinopathy ; rat model ; aminoguanidine ; glycation ; retinal basement membrane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have previously shown that long-term administration of aminoguanidine, an inhibitor of advanced glycosylation product formation, reduces the extent of experimental diabetic retinopathy in the rat by 85%. In order to determine whether the residual retinopathy that developed despite aminoguanidine was attributable to advanced glycation endproduct formation, a time-course study was performed in three different groups of male Wistar rats: non-diabetic controls (NC), streptozotocin-diabetic controls (DC) and streptozotocin-diabetic rats treated with aminoguanidine HCL, 50 mg/100 ml drinking water (D-AG). Eyes were obtained at 24, 32, 44 and 56 weeks of diabetes/treatment duration and morphologic evaluation was done on retinal digest preparations. At 56 weeks, retinal basement membrane thickness was additionally measured. After 24 weeks of diabetes, the number of acellular capillaries was significantly elevated in DC (44.6±5.7/mm2 of retinal area, NC 19.6±4.9; p〈0.001) and increased continuously over time (DC 56 weeks 87.4±15.1; p〈0.001 vs DC 24 weeks). In contrast, acellular capillaries in D-AG increased over the first 24 weeks and then remained constant for the rest of the study (D-AG 24 weeks 35.7±5.18; p〈0.01 vs NC 24 weeks and NS vs DC 24 weeks; D-AG 56 weeks 42.0±6.20; p NS vs D-AG 24 weeks). Diabetes-associated pericyte loss (DC 24 weeks 2310±170/mm2 of capillary area; NC 24 weeks 3120±190; p〈0.001; DC 56 weeks 1570±230; NC 56 weeks 2960±50; p〈0.001) was significantly prevented by aminoguanidine after diabetic-like changes over the initial 24 weeks (D-AG 24 weeks 2450±75; p NS vs DC 24 weeks; D-AG 56 weeks 2350±90; p〈0.001 vs DC 56 weeks). At 56 weeks, aminoguanidine treatment was associated with a 67.4% reduction in retinal basement membrane thickening. This time-course study demonstrates that aminoguanidine prevents the progression of experimental diabetic retinopathy, and suggests that non AG-inhibitable mechanisms are involved in the initial phase of diabetic retinopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetic retinopathy ; rat model ; aminoguanidine ; glycation ; secondary intervention ; islet transplantation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Primary prevention with aminoguanidine — an inhibitor of advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation — has been successfully employed to prevent diabetic retinopathy in the rat. However, it is unknown whether inhibition of AGE formation is still effective in a secondary intervention strategy. The present study addresses this question by comparing secondary intervention with aminoguanidine with syngeneic islet transplantation in the rat model. After 6 months of diabetes, one group was treated with aminoguanidine (50 mg/100 ml drinking water; D-AG) while another group received syngeneic transplantation of collagenase-ficoll isolated islets by intraportal injection (Tx). After an additional 4 months, both groups were compared to a normal (NC 10) and diabetic (DC 10) control group. Retinal autofluorescence was increased 2.5-fold after 6 months and increased 3.7-fold after 10 months of diabetes (p〈0.001). Aminoguanidine and islet Tx retarded the further accumulation of autofluorescence equally (p〈0.001 vs DC 10), although the values were higher than those observed in DC at 6 months (p〈0.001). Diabetes was associated with a 2.7-fold increase in acellular capillaries after 6 months and a 4.1-fold increase after 10 months. Treatment with aminoguanidine or islet Tx reduced but did not completely attenuate the progression of vascular occlusion (p〈0.001 vs DC 10; D-AG vs DC 6, p〈0.05; Tx vs DC 6, p〈0.01). Both treatments reduced endothelial proliferation (22.4% after 10 months; p〈0.001) and completely arrested pericyte dropout (40% after 10 months; p〈0.001). These data demonstrate that aminoguanidine is as effective as islet transplantation in retarding the progression of diabetic retinopathy in a secondary prevention setting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Population study ; 64K antibodies ; islet cell antibodies ; complement-fixing islet cell antibodies ; insulin autoantibodies ; HLA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A prospective study of a normal childhood population identified 44 islet cell antibody positive individuals. These subjects were typed for HLA DR and DQ alleles and investigated for the presence of antibodies to the Mr 64,000 (64K) islet cell antigen, complement-fixing islet cell antibodies and radiobinding insulin autoantibodies to determine their potency in detecting subjects with impaired Beta-cell function. At initial testing 64K antibodies were found in six of 44 islet cell antibody positive subjects (13.6%). The same sera were also positive for complement-fixing islet cell antibodies and five of them had insulin autoantibodies. During the follow-up at 18 months, islet cell antibodies remained detectable in 50% of the subjects studied. In all six cases who were originally positive, 64K antibodies were persistently detectable, whereas complement-fixing islet cell antibodies became negative in two of six and insulin autoantibodies in one of five individuals. HLA DR4 (p 〈 0.005) and absence of asparic acid (Asp) at position 57 of the HLA DQ β chain (p 〈 0.05) were significantly increased in subjects with 64K antibodies compared with control subjects. Of 40 individuals tested in the intravenous glucose tolerance test, three had a first phase insulin response below the first percentile of normal control subjects. Two children developed Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus after 18 and 26 months, respectively. Each of these subjects was non-Asp homozygous and had persistent islet cell and 64K antibodies. We conclude that 64K antibodies, complement-fixing islet cell antibodies and insulin autoantibodies represent sensitive serological markers in assessing high risk for a progression to Type 1 diabetes in islet cell antibody positive non-diabetic individuals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...