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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 34 (1962), S. 1276-1280 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes ; therapy ; diet ; insulin therapy ; sulphonyl-urea ; biguanide ; epidemiology ; body weight ; fasting plasma glucose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A multi-centre, prospective randomised study of the therapy of maturity-onset diabetes has been started, and we report progress of the first 286 patients with 1-year followup. Newly presenting patients (aged 25–65 years inclusive) were initially treated by diet and divided into three categories. (1) Forty-one patients (14%) were ‘primary diet failure’ in that they continued to have symptoms or their fasting plasma glucose remained 〉15 mmol/l. Their therapy was allocated randomly to insulin, chlorpropamide or glibenclamide, and doses adjusted to try to maintain a fasting plasma glucose 〈6 mmol/l. Insulin produced a similar decrease in fasting plasma glucose to sulphonylurea therapy (median fasting plasma glucose fell from 15.4 to 8.0 mmol/l and from 15.5 to 8.6 mmol/l, respectively). (2) After 3–4 months diet, 161 patients (56%) were asymptomatic but had a fasting plasma glucose 〉6 mmol/l. In the ‘main randomisation’ their therapy was allocated to diet only, or diet plus chlorpropamide, glibenclamide or a basal insulin supplement from ultralente insulin. On diet alone, fasting plasma glucose remained constant over 1-year follow-up (from 7.7 to 7.6 mmol/l), whereas it was reduced significantly by insulin (from 8.0 to 6.4 mmol/l), chlorpropamide (8.6 to 6.1 mmol/l) and glibenclamide (7.8 to 6.5 mmol/l). On diet alone, weight remained unchanged over 1 year but increased significantly on insulin, chlorpropamide or glibenclamide (median change ideal body weight +3.5%, +4% and +4%, respectively). Obese patients (〉20% over ideal weight) did not differ from normal weight diabetic subjects in either fasting plasma glucose or weight changes. Insulin therapy was associated with few hypoglycaemic episodes, with 8% of patients on ultralente insulin alone reporting an episode compared with 7% on chlorpropamide. Fifty-one patients (86%) randomised to insulin remain on it lyear later. (3) After 3–4 months on diet, 84 patients (30%) after dieting had a fasting plasma glucose 〈6 mmol/l. During the following year on diet alone 34 patients were less well controlled with a fasting plasma glucose 〉6 mmol/l and were included in a ‘delayed randomisation’. Thus 83% of all patients entered into the study had their therapy randomised by 1 year. Insulin and sulphonylurea therapy are equally effective in reducing glycaemia, and the study is being extended to determine if either therapy will prevent the complications of diabetes or have untoward long-term side effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 1 (1965), S. 121-124 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le rapport standardisé entre les hommes et les femmes (M/F) atteints d'un diabète récemment diagnostiqué, âgés de 35 à 49 ans, s'est transformé de 0,65 au cours de la période de 1945 à 1949 en 1,78 pour les années 1960 à 1963. Un changement semblable mais moins spectaculaire s'est produit dans les groupes de diabétiques plus âgés et le rapport standardisé des diabétiques récemment diagnostiqués est en définitive, pour les deux sexes, égal maintenant à l'unité. L'attention est attirée sur le fait que dans le siècle passé le diabète a toujours été considéré comme étant plus répandu chez les hommes que chez les femmes. La mortalité parmi les diabétiques l'a également démontré, et la mortalité des femmes n'a pas dépassé celle des hommes jusqu'à environ 1920. La modification récente apparente dans le sens de celle qui avait été observée au cours du dix-neuvième siècle n'apparaît pas être le résultat d'une différence dans le type de patient diabétique examiné, et aucune explication satisfaisante se présente pour expliquer ce phénomène.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Bei frisch entdeckten Diabetikern zwischen 35 und 49 Jahren hat sich das Standardverhältnis von Männern zu Frauen (M/F) von 0.65 in den Jahren 1945–1949 auf 1.78 in den Jahren 1960–1963 verändert. Bei Diabetikern höheren Alters ist es zu einer ähnlichen, doch weniger starken Änderung gekommen. Für alle Altersgruppen ist das standardisierte Geschlechtsverhältnis der frisch entdeckten Diabetiker jetzt einheitlich. Beachtung verdient die Tatsache, daß man im letzten Jahrhundert das Vorkommen des Diabetes bei Männern für häufiger hielt als bei Frauen. Das zeigte auch die Mortalitätsrate der Diabetiker. Die Mortalität der Frauen überstieg die der Männer erst etwa 1920. Die jetzige offensichtliche Rückkehr zum Verteilungsmodus des 19. Jahrhunderts scheint nicht auf einer Änderung des Diabetikertyps zu beruhen. Eine befriedigende Erklärung kann dafür nicht gegeben werden.
    Notes: Summary The standardised male to female ratio (M/F) of newly diagnosed diabetics aged 35–49 has changed from 0.65 in 1945–1949 to 1.78 in 1960–1963. A similar but less dramatic change has occurred in the older age groups and the overall standardised sex ratio for newly diagnosed diabetes is now unity. Attention is drawn to the fact that in the last century diabetes was always regarded as being more common in men than women. Diabetic mortality rates also showed this and female mortality did not exceed the male until about 1920. The recent apparent change towards the nineteenth century pattern does not appear to be the result of any difference in the type of diabetic patient seen, and no satisfactory explanation is offered for its occurrence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We estimate the incidence of cystic fibrosis in Ireland to be at least 1 case per 1838 live births. We have analysed DNA from 44 Irish CF patients for the presence of deletion 508, using the polymerase chain reaction. The deletion was found in 76% of their chromosomes, and approximately 58% of the patients are homozygous for this deletion. Our results are not significantly different from those found in Canadian or UK patient populations, in which frequencies are higher than those found in Southern European countries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 41 (1980), S. 36-44 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Dorsal horn ; Unmyelinated (C) fibres ; Response latencies ; Spinal cord ; Laminar organization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cat dorsal horn was searched for all detectable units that responded to peripheral C fibre input. Fifty-seven such units were examined in detail. They were located in two main areas. One group was in the superficial laminae 1, 2, and possibly dorsal 3 (n = 29), and the other group was much deeper in laminae 5 and 6 (n = 24). Only four units were situated in the region of lamina 4. Differences were found in the responses to C fibre stimulation of these two groups, both in the optimum stimulus and in the timing of responses to repeated stimulation. Superficial units often did not respond to C fibre stimulation unless a train of two or more stimuli (10 ms apart) were applied, but when responses did occur they were usually very even and regular, with precise onset latencies on repeated stimulation. Deep units tended to need only one peripheral C fibre stimulus for excitation, but the responses were irregular with latencies fluctuating with each stimulus. Some superficial and deep units showed a steady increase in latency of the late C response on repeated stimulation. Increases of up to 80 ms after 30 s of stimulation at 1 Hz were observed. The results are discussed in terms of the neuronal connections in the dorsal horn.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : Nondestructive quantitation of oxygen in different types of packaged foods was performed using disposable phosphorescent oxygen sensor inserts placed in every individual sample and a fiber-optic phosphorescent phase detector. Oxygen levels and their changes over storage time are presented for vacuum-packed raw and cooked meat, smoked fish, and MAP sliced ham and bread. Damage to vacuum-packages was simulated by slitting the package film and monitoring the sensor response at different locations from the site of damage. The performance of the optical oxygen sensor in packaged foods was evaluated, and its usefulness for food research and industrial applications discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 178 (1956), S. 798-799 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The volume of nerve in the lateral rectus was calculated to be approximately 9 per cent. Four main types of ending were observed in the muscle : (1) motor end-plates, found most abundantly in the posterior and middle thirds ; (2) muscle spindles of standard type, anteriorly placed and deep to the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 174 (1954), S. 558-559 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In the first of these papers, Pitney et oL2 reported that in the assay of human serum for vitamin B1? by means of Euglena gracilis higher values were obtained after the serum had been heated (confirming an earlier observation by Ross4), and that when vitamin B12 was added to the serum not more than ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 165 (1950), S. 1004-1005 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] MALLETTE, Taylor and Cain1 have synthesized certain derivatives of 2 : 4-diaminopteridine by the condensation of a-diketones with 2:4:5: 6-tetr-aminopyrimidine bisulphite. Daniel et al.z〉* have shown that these compounds inhibit the growth of Streptococcus fcecalis, Lactobacillus casei, L. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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