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DNA binding properties of the HrmR protein of Nostoc punctiforme responsible for transcriptional regulation of genes involved in the differentiation of hormogonia (2003)

Campbell, Elsie L. ; Wong, Francis C. Y. ; Meeks, John C.

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd

Molecular microbiology 47 (2003), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-2958

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Notes: Nostoc punctiforme is an example of a filamentous cyanobacterium that is capable of differentiating non-growing cells that constitute gliding filaments termed hormogonia. These gliding filaments serve in short distance dispersal and as infective units in establishing a symbiosis with plants, such as the bryophyte Anthoceros punctatus . Mutants of N . punctiforme exist which show elevated levels of initial infection of A . punctatus as a consequence of repeated cycles of hormogonium differentiation. Such mutations occur within the hrmA and hrmU genes. Further characterization of the hrm locus revealed several genes with an organizational and predicted protein sequence similarity to genes of heterotrophic bacteria that are involved in hexuronic acid metabolism. Genes in the N. punctiforme locus are transcribed in response to the presence of a plant extract containing hormogonium-repressing factors. A predicted transcriptional repressor encoded in the locus, HrmR , was shown herein to be a specific DNA binding protein that regulates the transcription of its own gene and that of hrmE , a nearby gene. The ability of HrmR to bind DNA was abolished upon addition of either galacturonate or lysate from specifically induced N . punctiforme cells, implying that the in vivo HrmR binding activity is modulated via an internal compound, most likely a sugar molecule.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03320.x

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The irritable bowel severity scoring system: a simple method of monitoring irritable bowel syndrome and its progress (1997)

FRANCIS, C. Y. ; MORRIS, J. ; WHORWELL, P. J.

Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science

Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 11 (1997), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-2036

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Background: The clinical assessment and investigation of irritable bowel syndrome would be greatly facilitated by the introduction of a simple, easy to use severity scoring system. Such a system, developed in our department over a number of years, has been submitted to validation in a total of 141 patients and 40 healthy controls. Methods: The system, incorporating pain, distension, bowel dysfunction and quality of life/global well-being, was assessed for its ability to reliably score patients previously classified as mild, moderate or severe. The reproducibility and sensitivity to change of the system was also assessed. Results: The maximum achievable score was 500. Mild, moderate and severe cases were indicated by scores of 75 to 175, 175 to 300 and 〉300 respectively. Controls scored below 75 and patients scoring in this range can be considered to be in remission. There was a highly significant difference between controls and patients as a whole (P=0.0001) as well as significant differences (P〈0.01) between all severity categories. Scores repeated within 24 h were very reproducible and sensitivity to change was also extremely good (P〈0.001) with a change of 50 reliably indicating improvement. Conclusion: These results suggest that this scoring system should prove to be a valuable instrument in helping to meet the many challenges offered by irritable bowel syndrome.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.1997.142318000.x

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High Prevalence of Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Patients Attending Urological Outpatient Departments (1997)

Francis, C. Y. ; Duffy, J. N. ; Whorwell, P. J. ; [et al.]

Springer

Digestive diseases and sciences 42 (1997), S. 404-407

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ISSN: 1573-2568

Keywords: IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME ; UROLOGICAL SYMPTOMS

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Abstract Irritable bowel syndrome patients often complainof urinary symptoms such as frequency, urgency, anddysuria, raising the possibility of inappropriatereferral to the urologist. To resolve this issue, the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome wascompared in patients attending urological and controlclinics (dermatology and ENT). The overall prevalence ofirritable bowel syndrome was 31.2% in the urological clinic compared with 21.2% in the controls (P〈 0.001), but striking differences emerged, dependingon presenting complaint. Irritable bowel symptoms wereparticularly common in patients presenting with loin pain (male: 40.9%, P = 0.004; female: 50%, P =0.03), dysuria (male: 43.8%, P = 0.007; female: 46.2%,P = 0.01) and frequency/urgency (male: 31.7%, P = 0.002;female: 42.4%, P = 0.006), and the male/femaleprevalence was 24% and 44%. These results suggest that inirritable bowel syndrome, urinary symptoms includingloin pain can present diagnostic dilemmas in both thegastroenterological and urological setting, underlining the importance of specialists in these fieldsworking together in order to define better ways ofmanaging such patients.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018838507545

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