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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords N-acetylcysteine ; glutathione ; tumour necrosis factor α ; diabetic neuropathy ; motor nerve conduction velocity.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a precursor of glutathione (GSH) synthesis, a free radical scavenger and an inhibitor of tumour necrosis factor α (TNF). Because these functions might be beneficial in diabetic complications, in this study we examined whether NAC inhibits peripheral neuropathy. Motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) was significantly decreased in streptozotocin-induced-diabetic Wistar rats compared to control rats. Oral administration of NAC reduced the decline of MNCV in diabetic rats. Structural analysis of the sural nerve disclosed significant reduction of fibres undergoing myelin wrinkling and inhibition of myelinated fibre atrophy in NAC-treated diabetic rats. NAC treatment had no effect on blood glucose levels or on the nerve glucose, sorbitol and cAMP contents, whereas it corrected the decreased GSH levels in erythrocytes, the increased lipid peroxide levels in plasma and the increased lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF activity in sera of diabetic rats. Thus, NAC inhibited the development of functional and structural abnormalities of the peripheral nerve in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. [Diabetologia (1996) 39: 263–269]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: N-acetylcysteine ; glutathione ; tumour necrosis factor α ; diabetic neuropathy ; motor nerve conduction velocity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a precursor of glutathione (GSH) synthesis, a free radical scavenger and an inhibitor of tumour necrosis factor α (TNF). Because these functions might be beneficial in diabetic complications, in this study we examined whether NAC inhibits peripheral neuropathy. Motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) was significantly decreased in streptozotocin-induced-diabetic Wistar rats compared to control rats. Oral administration of NAC reduced the decline of MNCV in diabetic rats. Structural analysis of the sural nerve disclosed significant reduction of fibres undergoing myelin wrinkling and inhibition of myelinated fibre atrophy in NAC-treated diabetic rats. NAC treatment had no effect on blood glucose levels or on the nerve glucose, sorbitol and cAMP contents, whereas it corrected the decreased GSH levels in erythrocytes, the increased lipid peroxide levels in plasma and the increased lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF activity in sera of diabetic rats. Thus, NAC inhibited the development of functional and structural abnormalities of the peripheral nerve in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Troglitazone ; diabetic neuropathy ; free radical scavenger ; tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) ; motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV).
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Free-radical scavengers and inhibitors of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) such as N-acetylcysteine and pentoxifylline have been shown to inhibit the development of peripheral neuropathy in streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. In this study we examined the effect of troglitazone, an anti-diabetic thiazolidinedione, on diabetic neuropathy, since it also is a free-radical scavenger and a TNF-α inhibitor. Rats were fed powder chow mixed with troglitazone at 0.5 % and 0.125 % ad libitum. Although blood glucose concentrations were remarkably higher and body weight lower in diabetic than in nondiabetic rats, troglitazone had no effect on these throughout the 24-week experiment. Serum lipoperoxide concentrations, tibial nerve lipoperoxide content and serum TNF-α activity induced by lipopolysaccharide was increased in diabetic rats, but inhibited in troglitazone-treated rats. Motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) of the tibial nerve slowed in diabetic rats, compared with that in nondiabetic rats. On the other hand, the slowed MNCV was (p 〈 0.05–0.01) inhibited after weeks 12 and 16 of the experiment in diabetic rats treated with high and low doses of troglitazone, respectively. Morphometric analysis showed that troglitazone suppressed the decrease of the myelinated fibre area (p 〈 0.05), axon/myelin ratio (p 〈 0.01) and fascicular area (p 〈 0.05) and suppressed the increase of myelinated fibre density (p 〈 0.001) in diabetic rats. These results indicate that troglitazone has a beneficial effect on peripheral neuropathy in STZ-induced diabetic rats irrespective of blood glucose concentrations. [Diabetologia (1998) 41: 1321–1326]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Experimental Cell Research 204 (1993), S. 61-72 
    ISSN: 0014-4827
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1437-7772
    Keywords: Key words Cachexia ; Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist ; Interleukin-6 ; Colorectal cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. The mechanisms leading to the development of cancer cachexia are still not well understood. Some important factors, including cytokines and growth factors, are involved, and recently, cytokines such as interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 have been reported to be involved as mediators of this disorder. Methods. In patients with colorectal cancer, serum concentrations of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and analyzed in relation to the patient's nutrition (in terms of albumin concentration [percentage of total protein] in the serum) and the tumor load. Results. The concentration of IL-1ra was significantly increased in cachectic patients compared with that in healthy volunteers and in the non-cachectic patients, and the concentration was correlated to the serum concentration of IL-6 and inversely correlated to the concentration of albumin (%). These concentrations, however, did not correlate to levels of tumor markers tested, ie, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen (CA)19-9. Conclusion. It was shown that the serum concentration of IL-1ra was a useful indicator for cancer cachexia and hypoalbuminemia; IL-1ra seems to be produced by immune-regulating host cells rather than by neoplastic cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 13 (1999), S. 824-826 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Common bile duct stone — Laparoscopic surgery — Choledocholithiasis — Papilla balloon dilatation — Transcystic approach — Gallbladder
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The laparoscopic transcystic common bile duct (CBD) approach is becoming increasingly more refined as an ideal technique to deal with gallbladder stones (GBS) and common bile duct stones (CBDS) during a single operation. Our method, transcystic CBD exploration and papilla balloon dilatation (PBD), is an easier, safer, and less invasive technique than the transcystic approaches that have previously been reported. With our method, a sheath is introduced through the cystic duct into the CBD in order to allow catheter exchange, and the CBDS is flushed out through the papilla into the duodenum after PBD. We applied our new technique, without complication, to a patient with GBS and CBDS. Our technique is one of the safest, easiest, and least invasive methods for the treatment of patients with GBS and CBDS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Indirect immunoperoxidase staining ; Tissue section ; Fungi ; Immunohistochemistry ; Polyclonal antibody
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study was performed to identify pathological fungi of eight species [Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Torulopsis (Candida) glabrata, Cryptococcus neoformans, Fusarium anthophilum, Rhizopus oryzae, Sporothrix schenckii and Trichosporon beigelii] in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections by indirect immunoperoxidase staining. Mature albino rabbits were immunized with formalin-killed organisms. Antibodies were prepared by precipitation. Immunoperoxidase staining was applied to the paraffin-embedded tissue sections of experimentally infected mice and human autopsy and surgical specimens. Although the cell walls of each fungus stained clearly, many cross-reactivities appeared. However, it was possible to obtain specificity for the eight species by absorption and dilution of the antisera.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 12 (1998), S. 54-56 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery — Thoracoscopy — Anterior mediastinal masses — Teratoma — Resections
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. This report describes a case of anterior mediastinal teratoma in a 10-year-old girl, which was successfully resected thoracoscopically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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