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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 71 (2000), S. 477-483 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 68.35.Ja; 78.47.+p; 82.65.-i
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. One of the major goals in physical chemistry is to obtain a microscopic understanding of chemical reactions. Recent developments in femtosecond laser techniques provide the opportunity to resolve the timescale of elementary steps of chemical reactions at surfaces. This is exemplified for the femtosecond laser-induced oxidation of CO on Ru(001). Among other adsorbate-specific probes vibrational sum-frequency generation spectroscopy offers the possibility to monitor adsorbates or reaction intermediates directly at the surface. Recently, we have employed this technique to investigate the dynamics of the CO-stretch vibration of CO adsorbed on Ru(001) after optical excitation leading to CO desorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 112 (2000), S. 9888-9897 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Irradiation of a Ru(001) surface covered with CO using intense femtosecond laser pulses (800 nm, 130 fs) leads to desorption of CO with a nonlinear dependence of the yield on the absorbed fluence (100–380 J/m2). Two-pulse correlation measurements reveal a response time of 20 ps (FWHM). The lack of an isotope effect together with the strong rise of the phonon temperature (2500 K) and the specific electronic structure of the adsorbate–substrate system strongly indicate that coupling to phonons is dominant. The experimental findings can be well reproduced within a friction-coupled heat bath model. Yet, pronounced dynamical cooling in desorption, found in the fluence-dependence of the translational energy, and in a non-Arrhenius behavior of the desorption probability reflect pronounced deviations from thermal equilibrium during desorption taking place on such a short time scale. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  Routine infusions of factor VIII to prevent bleeding, known as prophylaxis, and other intensive therapies are being more broadly applied to patients with haemophilia. These therapies differ widely in replacement product usage, cost, frequency of venous access and parental effort. In order to address residual issues relating to recommendations, implementation, and evaluations of prophylaxis therapy in persons with haemophila, a multinational working group was formed and called the International Prophylaxis Study Group (IPSG). The group was comprised of haemophilia treaters actively involved in studies of prophylaxis from North America and Europe. Two expert committees, the Physical Therapy (PT) Working Group and the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Working Group were organized to critically assess existing tools for assessment of joint outcome. These two committees independently concluded that the WFH Physical Examination Scale (WFH PE Scale) and the WFH X-ray Scale (WFH XR Scale) were inadequately sensitive to detect early changes in joints. New scales were developed based on suggested modifications of the existing scales and called the Haemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS) and the International MRI Scales. The new scales were piloted. Concordance was measured by the intra-class correlation coefficient of variation. Reliability of the HJHS was excellent with an inter-observer co-efficient of 0.83 and a test-retest value of 0.89. The MRI study was conducted using both Denver and European scoring approaches; inter-reader reliability using the two approaches was 0.88 and 0.87; test-retest reliability was 0.92 and 0.93. These new PT and MRI scales promise to improve outcome assessment in children on early preventive treatment regimens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of chemical information and modeling 19 (1979), S. 94-98 
    ISSN: 1520-5142
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology 19 (1987), S. S49 
    ISSN: 0022-2828
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
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    Berlin : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Orientalistische Literaturzeitung. 15 (1912) 77 
    ISSN: 0030-5383
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Ethnic Sciences , History
    Notes: Besprechungen
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 28 (1977), S. 757-763 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Polarization of sand soils in cathodic protectionDuring the measurement of pipeline potentials to verify cathodic protection, the observation was made that direct current voltage persists in high-resistivity sand soil when the cathodic protection system is switched off. This observation is conformed by laboratory tests and is not in agreement with current theory and previous measurements. The polarization of heterogenous electrolytes was studied by tests made with cleaned fine gravel and sand; in some tests, de-ionized water, sodium chloride, colloidal silicon dioxide or clay were added. Tests showed that polarization is essentially restricted to pure silica sand granules. This would mean that polarization will only occur in high-resistivity sand (containing practically no salt) which will no cause corrosion.
    Notes: Bei der Potentialmessung an Rohrleitungen zur Beurteilung des kathodischen Korrosionsschutzes wurde beobachtet, daß in Sandböden hohen elektrischen Widerstandes auch nach Abschalten des Schutzstromes elektrische Gleichspannungen bestehen bleiben. Diese Erscheinung wird durch Laboruntersuchungen bestätigt und steht im Widerspruch zu bisherigen theoretischen Annahmen und praktischen Messungen. Die polarisierbarkeit heterogener Elektrolytmedien wird an chemisch gereinigtem Feinkies bzw. Sand ermittelt, auch unter Zusatz von entionisiertem Wasser, Natriumchlorid, lolloidalem Siliziumdioxid und Ton. Die Untersuchungen zeigen, daß die Polarisierbarkeit im wesentlichen auf reine Quarzkörner begrenzt ist. Danach ist eine Polarisation nur für hochohmige, nahezu salzfreie Sandböden zu erwarten, in denen keine Korrosionsgefährdung besteht.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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