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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 46 (1998), S. 552-561 
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Key words: Albumin/α-fetoprotein/α-albumin/vitamin D–binding protein — Gene duplication — Sequence divergence — Evolutionary tree
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. The serum albumin gene family is composed of four members that have arisen by a series of duplications from a common ancestor. From sequence differences between members of the gene family, we infer that a gene duplication some 580 Myr ago gave rise to the vitamin D–binding protein (DBP) gene and a second lineage, which reduplicated about 295 Myr ago to give the albumin (ALB) gene and a common precursor to α-fetoprotein (AFP) and α-albumin (ALF). This precursor itself duplicated about 250 Myr ago, giving rise to the youngest family members, AFP and ALF. It should be possible to correlate these dates with the phylogenetic distribution of members of the gene family among different species. All four genes are found in mammals, but AFP and ALF are not found in amphibia, which diverged from reptiles about 360 Myr ago, before the divergence of the AFP-ALF progenitor from albumin. Although individual family members display an approximate clock-like evolution, there are significant deviations—the rates of divergence for AFP differ by a factor of 7, the rates for ALB differ by a factor of 2.1. Since the progenitor of this gene family itself arose by triplication of a smaller gene, the rates of evolution of individual domains were also calculated and were shown to vary within and between family members. The great variation in the rates of the molecular clock raises questions concerning whether it can be used to infer evolutionary time from contemporary sequence differences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 57 (1953), S. 172-178 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 37 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The function of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae REV1 gene is required for translesion replication and mutagenesis induced by a wide variety of DNA-damaging agents. We showed previously that Rev1p possesses a deoxycytidyl transferase activity, which incorporates dCMP opposite abasic sites in the DNA template, and that dCMP insertion is the major event during bypass of an abasic site in vivo. However, we now find that Rev1p function is needed for the bypass of a T–T (6–4) UV photoproduct, a process in which dCMP incorporation occurs only very rarely, indicating that Rev1p possesses a second function. In addition, we find that Rev1p function is, as expected, required for bypass of an abasic site. However, replication past this lesion was also much reduced in the G-193R rev1-1 mutant, which we find retains substantial levels of deoxycytidyl transferase activity. This mutant is, therefore, presumably deficient principally in the second, at present poorly defined, function. The bypass of an abasic site and T–T (6–4) lesion also depended on REV3 function, but neither it nor REV1 was required for replication past the T–T dimer; bypass of this lesion presumably depends on another enzyme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Key words Melanoma ; Differentiation antigens ; Melan-A ; Cytotoxic lymphocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The spontaneous cytotoxic T cell responses to melanoma differentiation antigens and influenza matrix peptide were compared in 20 HLA-A2+ melanoma patients and 17 healthy A2+ individuals. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses were determined by mixed lymphocyte peptide culture (MLPC) involving two stimulations of unfractionated peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) with peptide in vitro. CTL responses to Melan-A 9-mer (amino acids 27–35, AAGIGILTV) peptide were detected in 4 out of 16 normal individuals, but in none of the melanoma patients. CTL specific for influenza matrix peptide were frequently found in both normal individuals and melanoma patients, suggesting that generalized immuno-suppression was not responsible for this difference. No significant responses were observed in either normal individuals or melanoma patients to Melan-A 10-mer (26–35, EAAGIGILTV), two gp100 epitopes (280–288, YLEPGPVTA; 457–466, LLDGTATLRL) and two tyrosinase epitopes (1–9, MLLAVLYCL; 368–376, YMDGMSQV). Melan-A (27–35)-specific CTL cells generated by normal individuals and melanoma patients recognized both synthetic peptide-pulsed T2 cells and two HLA-A2+, Melan-A+ melanoma cell lines (ME272, LAR1) in an antigen-specific, MHC class I restricted manner. T cells generated against Melan-A 9-mer were also able to recognize Melan-A 10-mer-pulsed target cells. Spontaneous CTL responses to Melan-A 9-mer from three known responder normal individuals were further evaluated over a prolonged time course (6–11 months). All 3 subjects demonstrated specific Melan-A 9-mer responses throughout the study period, although lytic activity fluctuated over time for a given individual. We found the MLPC assay to be reliable and easy to perform for monitoring T cell responses, although it may still not be sufficiently sensitive to detect low numbers of precursor T cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 154 (1986), S. 285-323 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Self-incompatibility ; homomorphic SI ; heteromorphic SI ; sporophytic SI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The view put forward by some authors that flowering plant self-incompatibility mechanisms of the homomorphic sporophytic and heteromorphic sporophytic types have a close evolutionary relationship, with one form being evolved from the other, or both forms directly evolved from ancestors with homomorphic gametophytic incompatibility, is challenged. A review is provided of the various facets of each of the three main self-incompatibility systems, including a detailed summary of our current knowledge of the rejection mechanism, to demonstrate that the implicit assumption that these systems have a common S locus, and also evolutionary theories linking the systems, need to be treated with considerable caution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Eriotheca ; Bombacaceae ; Anthophoridae ; Neotropical savanna ; bee pollination ; polyembryony ; apomixis ; polyploidy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The pollination biology and breeding systems ofEriotheca pubescens andE. gracilipes have been studied. These two species occur as trees in cerrado vegetation, the neotropical savannas of Central Brazil, with partially sympatric distributions. They have similar phenology and floral structure, although the flowers ofE. pubescens are larger. Both species have nectar flowers pollinated by largeAnthophoridae bees but the main pollinators of each species differ in size. The species have markedly different breeding systems: late-acting self-incompatibility inE. gracilipes and apomixis stimulated by pollination inE. pubescens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 217 (1999), S. 43-53 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Leguminosae ; Caesalpinia ; Angiosperms ; bee-pollination ; andromonoecy ; late-acting self-incompatibility ; fruiting success
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The pollination biology, breeding system and fruiting success ofCaesalpinia calycina andC. pluviosa var.sanfranciscana were studied in caatinga vegetation in Bahia, NE Brazil. The principal pollinators for both species were carpenter bees.Caesalpinia calycina is andromonoecious but inC. pluviosa all flowers are hermaphrodite. InC. calycina all selfed flowers were abscised within 72 h despite rapid self-pollen tube growth to the ovary and ovule penetration. Prevention of selfing therefore seems to be controlled by a post-zygotic mechanism. Both species had very low fruit-set and it is suggested that this is at least in part due to geitonogamous pollinations with ovule penetration by self pollen tubes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: REV7 ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; induced mutagenesis ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The function of the REV7 gene is required for DNA damage-induced mutagenesis in budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and is therefore thought to promote replication past sites of mutagen damage in the DNA template. We have cloned this gene by complementation of the rev7-2 mutant defect, and determined its sequence. REV7 encodes a predicted protein of Mr 28 759 which is unlike any other protein in the NCBI non-redundant protein sequence data base, and which is inessential for viability. The sequence of the 3·88 kb yeast genomic fragment containing REV7 has been deposited in Genbank accession number U07228.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2022-07-19
    Description: Background We assessed the novel MACC1 gene to further stratify stage II colon cancer patients with proficient mismatch repair (pMMR). Patients and methods Four cohorts with 596 patients were analyzed: Charité 1 discovery cohort was assayed for MACC1 mRNA expression and MMR in cryo-preserved tumors. Charité 2 comparison cohort was used to translate MACC1 qRT-PCR analyses to FFPE samples. In the BIOGRID 1 training cohort MACC1 mRNA levels were related to MACC1 protein levels from immunohistochemistry in FFPE sections; also analyzed for MMR. Chemotherapy-naïve pMMR patients were stratified by MACC1 mRNA and protein expression to establish risk groups based on recurrence-free survival (RFS). Risk stratification from BIOGRID 1 was confirmed in the BIOGRID 2 validation cohort. Pooled BIOGRID datasets produced a best effect-size estimate. Results In BIOGRID 1, using qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry for MACC1 detection, pMMR/MACC1-low patients had a lower recurrence probability versus pMMR/MACC1-high patients (5-year RFS of 92% and 67% versus 100% and 68%, respectively). In BIOGRID 2, longer RFS was confirmed for pMMR/MACC1-low versus pMMR/MACC1-high patients (5-year RFS of 100% versus 90%, respectively). In the pooled dataset, 6.5% of patients were pMMR/MACC1-low with no disease recurrence, resulting in a 17% higher 5-year RFS (95% CI (12.6-21.3%)) versus pMMR/MACC1-high patients (P=0.037). Outcomes were similar for pMMR/MACC1-low and deficient MMR (dMMR) patients (5-year RFS of 100% and 96%, respectively). Conclusions MACC1 expression stratifies colon cancer patients with unfavorable pMMR status. Stage II colon cancer patients with pMMR/MACC1-low tumors have a similar favorable prognosis to those with dMMR with potential implications for the role of adjuvant therapy.
    Language: English
    Type: article , doc-type:article
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