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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 20-21 (July 2007), p. 205-208 
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Water draining a waste dump at the Hartenstein site of the former uranium miningcompany SDAG Wismut is characterised by an uranium concentration between 1mg/L and 3 mg/Land a nitrate concentration from 30 mg/L to 120 mg/L. A microbiological process was developedbetween 2001 - 2003 under laboratory conditions and, after this time, the process was scaled up to atechnical plant. The water was treated continuously by a controlled microbiological process underanaerobic conditions with methanol as the sole carbon and energy source. The reduction plant is abasin filled with about 540 m³ of gravel and with a free water volume of about 200 m³. The plantwas foreseen for the treatment of a drainage water flow rate of 2 m³/h – 5 m³/h. The residence timeof the treated water in the plant comprises 40 h– 100 h according to the water flow. The continuousprocess started in 2004. The Uranium concentration decreased to values lower than 0.5 mg/L. Thearsenic concentration varied in a range from 60 to 80 .g/L after reaching stable anaerobicconditions. The plant worked also during deep temperatures in the wintertime
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The Bioshale project, involving 13 partners throughout Europe, is co-funded by theEuropean Commission under the FP6 program. The main objective of this project (which started inOctober 2004) is to identify and develop innovative biotechnological processes for ‘’eco-efficient’’exploitation of metal-rich, black shale ores. Three extensive deposits have been selected for R&Dactions. These are: (i) a site (in Talvivaara, Finland) that, at the outset of the project, had not beenexploited; (ii) a deposit (in Lubin, Poland) that is currently being actively mined, and (iii) a thirdsite (in Mansfeld, Germany) where the ore had been actively mined in the past, but which is nolonger exploited. The black shale ores contain base (e.g. copper and nickel), precious (principallysilver) and PGM metals, but also high contents of organic matter that potentially handicap metalrecovery by conventional techniques.The main technical aspects of the work plan can be summarized as: (i) evaluation of the geologicalresources and selection of metal-bearing components; (ii) selection of biological consortia to betested; (iii) assessment of bioprocessing routes, including hydrometallurgical processing; (iv)techno-economic evaluation of new processes from mining to metal recovery including social, and(v) assessing the environmental impacts of biotechnological compared to conventional processingof the ores. An overview of the main results obtained to date are presented, with special emphasison the development of bioleaching technologies for metal recovery that can be applied to multielementconcentrates and black shale ores
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 20-21 (July 2007), p. 209-212 
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Piles and dumps in mining sites of lignite and ore mines very often generate drainagewater with a low pH value. Furthermore they are contaminated with heavy metals or radionuclides.A comprehensive sustainable remediation and / or a water treatment process requires an assessmentof the water quality and the determination of the future development thereof. This, in turn, requiresprediction of the microbial processes which are responsible for the release of heavy metals andradionuclides. The paper deals with the demonstration of a suitable method for the prediction ofthese reactions and water quality
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 7 (1987), S. 413-415 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Microorganisms are able to interact with metal ions in aqueous solutions and to accumulate considerable amounts of them.The mechanism of the accumulation depends on the physiological state of the cells. In the case of resting cells the binding reaction takes place on the surface of the cell wall as a sorption process. The kinetic of the sorption processes in dependence of the physiological state of the cells, the concentration of Hg2+ and Cd2+-ions on the solution and the pH and temperature has been investigated.Beyond that possibilities for the desorption of the metals from the biomass have been tested.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 4 (1984), S. 354-354 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 5 (1985), S. 197-202 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The spectrophotometrical measurement of the diffuse reflectance in fermentation media has been proved useful for the analytical control of the microbial biosynthesis and transformation. A laboratory steril fermenter was fitted at an UV/VIS-spectrophotometer equipped with a diffuse reflectance attachment. The apparent absorbance ΔE8(328) of aromatic hydrocarbons and the reciprocal scattering E8(650) have been compared with parameters of the discontinuous fermentation of the yeast Lodderomyces elongisporus and the bacteria strain EB 10c on petroleum hydrocarbons as a substrat.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 7 (1987), S. 401-407 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Leaching processes can be classified in chemolithotrophic and organoheterotrophic mechanisms. In the case of chemolithotrophic leaching sulphide minerals, elemental sulphur, ferrous iron and a number of different reduced metals will be oxidized in a solution containing sulphuric acid of bacterial and/or chemical origin.Organoheterotrophic leaching however is connected with the accumulation of microbial metabolites such as organic acids, proteins, peptides and polysaccharides, which are capable to disintegrate ores, minerals or industrial wastes through dissolution, formation of complexes or chelates.Whereas at the present time chemolithotrophic leaching processes are in operation in industrial scale for the winning of copper, uranium and some other special metals, organoheterotrophic processes, their problems and technical applications are still under study.Therefore problems of organoheterotrophic leaching of chemical high resistant materials such as phosphorus furnace slag and zircon from the Baltic shield have been investigated with regard to possible technical applications for the winning of rare earth elements (REE) and other precious metals.Using a strain of Acetobacter methanolicus which is able to accumulate large amounts of gluconic acid on the basis of glucose or glucose containing by-products, leaching effects up to 90% of REE could be realized in the case of phosphorus furnace slag and up to 45% in the case of zircon.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 12 (1992), S. 79-85 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Fluorides and a sodium paraffin sulfonate were used as biocidial substances for blocking microbial oxidation reactions due to chemolithoautotrophic microorganisms and tested in a laboratory and pilot plan scale. A treatment of uranium containing effluents by means of a biosorption process for reducing the uranium concentration was demonstrated in a pilot plant scale too.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 2 (1982), S. 43-50 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Floc formation, especially the influence of floe diameter variations on the total velocity of the process, was investigated in aerobic growth processes of yeast on the hydrocarbons of crude oil.The experimental results show that the diameter of the flocs is a function of the rheological properties of the fluids and the flow conditions.The floc diameter varies between 0,1 mm and a few millimeters. About 90% of the total yeast cells are situated in the interior of the flocs.Since oxygen must be transferred to all yeast cells their oxygen supply was studied.Thus, the yeast cells in the floc interior were not sufficiently supplied with oxygen, if the floc diameter reached a critical value.In such cases a decrease of the biomass formation rate was observed, although the dissolved oxygen concentration of the aquaeous fermentation medium was greater than zero. Therefore, aerobic microbial growth processes in multicomponent systems must be carried out without floc formation or under such conditions as cause very small floc diameters.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 2 (1982), S. 299-302 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The empirical determined constant of 3.14 gram biomass per available electron is a good base for the calculation of minimum substrate consumption coefficients in the aerobic fermentation of paraffins by yeasts.The analysis of experimental determined specific substrate consumption coefficients and their comparison with the corresponding theoretical values show that the theoretical ones can be reached only if the substrate composition referring to carbon and hydrogen is of optimal composition for all syntheses.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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