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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gel permeation chromatography of poly(N-vinyl-3,6-dibromocarbazole). Universal calibration, nonexclusion effects, and incompatibility (1985)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 18 (1985), S. 2572-2579 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00154a036
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surgical Findings in Idiopathic Trigeminal Neuropathy Mimicking a Trigeminal Neurinoma (1999)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 141 (1999), S. 269-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Trigeminal neuropathy; schwannoma; magnetic resonance.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary  Idiopathic trigeminal neuropathy is a benign disorder where the main clinical feature is facial numbness limited to the territory of one or more divisions of the trigeminal nerve, persisting for a few weeks to several years and in which no underlying disease can be identified. The case of a 37-year-old man with a brief history of sensory and motor trigeminal symptoms who showed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings consistent with a small trigeminal neurinoma is reported. The patient was operated on but no tumour could be found during surgery and a biopsy was taken from the portio major. Pathological diagnosis was chronic non granulomatous inflammatory reaction with areas of coagulation necrosis. Control MRI showed complete resolution of the trigeminal abnormalities. It is concluded that in patients with MRI findings suggestive of a small trigeminal schwannoma, benign idiopathic trigeminal neuropathy should also be considered in the differential diagnosis. A conservative approach with sequential MRI studies may avoid an unnecessary surgical exploration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050297
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Risk Factors Predicting Recurrence in Patients Operated on for Intracranial Meningioma. A Multivariate Analysis (1999)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 141 (1999), S. 921-932 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Meningioma; recurrence; radiotherapy; computed tomography.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary  The authors undertook a follow-up study of 286 patients who underwent surgical treatment for intracranial meningioma between 1973 and 1994, in order to analyse clinical, radiological, topographic, histopathological and therapeutic factors significantly influencing tumour recurrence.  All patients were followed by using either computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance from 3 months to 17 years since first surgery (mean follow-up: 4.1 years). Forty-four (15.4%) recurrences were detected during this time period. Overall recurrence rates were 14%, 37% and 61% at 5, 10 and 15 years, respectively.  Factors significantly associated with tumour relapse in bivariate analysis were: tumour location at petroclival and parasagittal (middle third) regions, incomplete surgical resection (assessed by Simpson's classification), atypical and malignant histological types (WHO classification), presence of nucleolar prominence, presence of more than 2 mitosis per 10 high-power fields, and heterogeneous tumour contrast enhancement on the CT scan.  The multivariate analysis using the Cox's proportional hazards model identified the following risk factors for recurrence: incomplete surgical resection (Relative risk: 2.2; 95% Confidence interval: 1.33–3.64), non conventional histological type (RR: 2.13; 95%CI: 1–4.53), heterogeneous contrast enhancement on the CT scan (RR: 2.25; 95%CI: 1.1–4.72) and presence of more than 2 mitosis per 10 high-power fields (RR: 2.28; 95%CI: 0.99–5.27). Patients without any of these features showed low recurrence rates (4% and 18% at 5 and 10 years), and thus, they need less clinical and radiological controls through the follow-up than patients with some of these risk factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050398
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Age and Outcome After Severe Head Injury (2000)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 142 (2000), S. 373-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Age; prognosis; severe head injury; logistic regression.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary ¶ The authors analyzed the relationship between patient age and the final outcome in a series of 810 patients aged 14 years or older who were consecutively admitted between 1987 and 1996 after suffering a severe closed head injury.  The most relevant clinico-radiological variables were prospectively collected in a Data Bank. Stratified and logistic regression analyses were performed in order to assess the influence of age on adverse outcome and the interaction between patient age and other prognostic indicators.  Our results reaffirm that the adverse outcome rate increases steadily with age in severe head injured patients and that age effect on outcome is independent of other prognostic variables. The odds of having an adverse outcome increases significantly over 35 years of age being 10 times higher in patients older than 65 years as compared to those aged 15–25 years (reference age group). The adverse influence of an advanced age on the final outcome has not yet been satisfactorily explained but an older brain may have an impaired ability to recover after a pathological insult as compared to a younger one.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050445
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequential computerized tomography changes and related final outcome in severe head injury patients (1997)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 139 (1997), S. 385-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Head injury ; computerized tomography ; intracranial haematoma ; intracranial pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The authors analysed the serial computerized tomography (CT) findings in a large series of severely head injured patients in order to assess the variability in gross intracranial pathology through the acute posttraumatic period and determine the most common patterns of CT change. A second aim was to compare the prognostic significance of the different CT diagnostic categories used in the study (Traumatic Coma Data Bank CT pathological classification) when gleaned either from the initial (postadmission) or the control CT scans, and determine the extent to which having a second CT scan provides more prognostic information than only one scan. 92 patients (13.3% of the total population) died soon after injury. Of the 587 who survived long enough to have at least one control CT scan 23.6% developed new diffuse brain swelling, and 20.9% new focal mass lesions most of which had to be evacuated. The relative risk for requiring a delayed operation as related to the diagnostic category established by using the initial CT scans was by decreasing order: diffuse injury IV (30.7%), diffuse injury III (30.5%), non evacuated mass (20%), evacuated mass (20.2%), diffuse injury II (12.1%), and diffuse injury I (8.6%). Overall, 51.2% of the patients developed significant CT changes (for worse or better) occurring either spontaneously or following surgery, and their final outcomes were more closely related to the control than to the initial CT diagnoses. In fact, the final outcome was more accurately predicted by using the control CT scans (81.2% of the cases) than by using the initial CT scans (71.5% of the cases only). Since the majority of relevant CT changes developed within 48 hours after injury a pathological categorization made by using an early control CT scan seems to be most useful for prognostic purposes. Prognosis associated with the CT pathological categories used in the study was similar independently of the moment of the acute posttraumatic period at which diagnoses were made.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01808871
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brain oedema in patients with intracranial meningioma (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 138 (1996), S. 485-494 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Brain oedema ; computerized tomography ; intracranial hypertension ; intracranial meningioma ; seizures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The authors analysed the correlation between different clinical, radiological, and pathological variables and the presence and intensity of brain oedema associated to intracranial meningioma in 400 consecutive patients studied by computerized tomography (CT). The following factors did not show significant correlation with brain oedema development: the age and sex of the patient, the occurrence of focal deficits, the presence of skull changes (endostosis, exostosis, osteolysis), the occurrence of tumour calcification, the density of the tumour on plain CT scan, the presence of a cystic component, the pathological subtype of meningioma (both conventional and non-conventional), and the presence of histological features of tumour aggressiveness, such as an increased vascularization, high cellularity, high mitotic index, pleomorphism, necrosis, and brain infiltration. Factors showing a statistically significant correlation with the presence and intensity of brain oedema at the bivariate analysis were: the presence of symptoms (p 〈 0.001), the duration of the clinical history (p 〈 0.05), the location and size of the tumour (p 〈 0.001), the type (heterogeneous vs homogeneous), and intensity of tumour contrast enhancement (p 〈 0.001), the presence of irregular tumour margins (p 〈 0.001), and the existence of focal low density intratumoural areas (p 〈 0.001). The multivariate analysis using only clinical parameters showed that the group of variables with the highest power for predicting the presence of brain oedema (concordance level of 76.8%) included: the presence of symptoms, the occurrence of seizures (focal or generalized), the presence of an intracranial hypertension syndrome, and the age of the patient. The multivariate analysis using only anatomico-radiological parameters showed that the model which included the size of the tumour, the intensity of contrast enhancement, the tumour margins, and meningioma location, predicted the presence of brain oedema in 80.8% of the cases. Though the results of the present study do not definitively support any of the major physiopathological theories proposed to explain brain oedema formation in patients with intracranial meningioma, some findings could favour the so-called hydrodynamic theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01411166
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CSF rhinorrhea from a transclivai meningocele demonstrated by MR (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 138 (1996), S. 595-596 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01411183
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Giant intrasacral schwannomas: Report of six cases (1997)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 139 (1997), S. 954-960 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Cauda equina ; magnetic resonance ; sacrum ; schwannoma ; spinal tumour
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Only 4 of the 30 previously reported cases of giant sacral schwannomas have been studied with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). We are reporting 6 more cases, 5 of which had MRI studies. There were 5 women and 1 man (average age 45 years) with long lasting symptoms consisting of lumbosacral and radicular pain accompanied by urinary disturbances and dysaesthetic sensations in the lower limbs. CT clearly defined sacral bone involvement but poorly demonstrated intraspinal tumour extension which was more evident in MRI studies. MRI also clearly showed the intrapelvic extension of the tumour, its relationship with the neighbouring structures and the dumbell growth pattern due to tumour extension through sacral foramina which are important data for making a properative diagnosis and surgical planning. Surgical treatment consisted of piecemeal tumour resection through a posterior approach in four cases. Two patients underwent operation through an abdominal transperitoneal approach followed by a sacral laminectomy. Total intracapsular resection was apparently achieved in 5 cases. Through an average follow-up period of 9.2 years and despite a rather conservative approach, the recurrence rate has been very low in our series and only one patient had to be re-operated on for tumour recurrence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01411305
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Subarachnoid haemorrhage of unknown aetiology (1989)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 101 (1989), S. 35-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Subarachnoid haemorrhage ; computerized tomography ; cerebral angiography ; brain ischaemia ; vasospasm ; hydrocephalus ; unknown aetiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The authors review the literature on subarachnoid haemorrhage of unknown aetiology (SAHUE) and analyze a personal series of 212 patients diagnosed as SAHUE. These patients represent 30% of all cases of primary SAH admitted over a 14.5 year period. The age, sex, antecedents and initial clinical presentation of patients with SAHUE were indistinguishable from those of patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage due to ruptured aneurysm (SAHRA). However, the present series of SAHUE compare favourably with both a personal and a previously reported series of SAHRA insofar as clinical grade on admission (94% of patients in grades I–II of Botterell), presence of blood on CT (51%), vasospasm (5%), ischaemic deficits (3.3%), persistent hydrocephalus (3.5%), rebleeding (6%) and fatal result (3.9%) are concerned. The amount of blood on CT scan in our patients with SAHUE was associated with a significantly higher incidence of brain ischaemia and hydrocephalus but did not correlate with the Botterell grade on admission or final outcome, which were good in the majority of cases regardless of the presence or not of visible cisternal haemorrhage. The results of the present series confirm that the final prognosis of patients with primary SAH showing normal four-vessel cerebral angiography is essentially favourable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01410066
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SANS and light scattering of nonylammonium chloride micelles in aqueous solutions of sodium chloride (1994)
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 16 (1994), S. 1515-1522 
    Details
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Colloids ; Conference proceedings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary Aqueous solutions of nonylammonium chloride (NAC) containing sodium chloride were studied by using light scattering and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) techniques. It was found that the aggregation number of NAC is independent of the surfactant concentration and increases smoothly with increasing the ionic strength. Micelles of NAC in D2O with [NaCl]=0.3422 have prolate ellipsoidal shape and their average aggregation number is greater than that found in H2O at the same ionic strength. A possible explanation of this difference may arise from a solvent effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02462036
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