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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth hormone treatment in children with preterminal chronic renal failure: No adverse effect on glomerular filtration rate (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 151 (1992), S. 601-607 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Chronic renal failure ; Recombinant human growth hormone treatment ; Insulin-like growth factors ; Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins ; Progression of renal disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Impaired growth and stunting remains a major therapeutic problem in children with chronic renal failure (CRF). Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment may be beneficial, but concern has been raised about possible side-effects, i.e. deterioration of renal function and glucose intolerance. We have treated 10 prepubertal children with CRF (median age 7.5 [1.7–10.0] years) with 4 IU rhGH/m2 per day s.c. over a period of 1 year. Height velocity increased significantly (P〈0.03) from basal 4.6 (2.0–14.0) cm/year to 9.7 (6.8–17.6) cm/year. Height velocity SDS for chronological age and for bone age increased in all children from basal median −2.3 to +3.8 (P〈0.005). Median glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measured by single injection inulin clearance at onset was 18 (11–66) ml/min per 1.73 m2 and did not change significantly during the treatment year. The loss of GFR as estimated by creatinine clearance was similar during the treatment year (median loss 1.3 ml/min per 1.73 m2) compared to the year before treatment (median loss 3.7 ml/min per 1.73 m2). Serum glucose levels during an oral glucose tolerance test did not change, but fasting as well as stimulated insulin levels increased significantly with time during the study period. It is concluded that the rhGH regimen employed was remarkably effective in improving growth velocity in children with CRF without adversely affecting GFR. Glucose homeostasis remained stable, but at the expense of increased serum insulin levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01957731
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changning pattern of chronic renal failure and renal replacement therapy in children and adolescents: a 20-year single centre study (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 152 (1993), S. 166-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Chronic renal failure ; Haemodialysis ; Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis ; Renal transplantation ; Survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We analysed the demographic data, clinical course and survival on different forms of renal replacement therapy (RRT) of 374 children and adolescents with chronic renal failure observed between 1969 and 1988 and compared the findings for the four subsequent 5-year periods. The proportion of children below 5 years of age rose from 21% to 47%. With time the incidence of glomerulonephritis increased and that of pyelonephritis decreased. As RRT became more common, more very young children and more adolescents were admitted to the study. In the last 5 years continuous ambulatory peritoncal dialysis (CAPD) and haemodialysis (HD) were performed to the same extent as the initial form of RRT. The time a subject had to wait for a first transplant decreased from 36 to 21 months. Between 1969 and 1988 overall survival on any form of RRT increased to 77% after 10 years of therapy. In the last observation period 2-year patient survival was 100% both on HD and CAPD. First cadaver graft survival after 4 years improved from 25% in 1969–1973 to 69% in 1984–1988.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02072498
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma amino acids are highly dependent on acid-base balance in uremic rats (1992)
    Springer
    Amino acids 3 (1992), S. 173-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2199
    Keywords: Amino acids ; Uremia ; Acid-base ; Plasma amino acids ; Anorexia ; Glucocorticoids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Acidosis is a common finding in uremia. We analysed the effect of changes in acid-base balance in 42 Sprague-Dawley rats having longstanding uremia (〉 3 mon). The rats were treated with CaCO3 or CaCl2 in a random cross-over trial after being divided into two dietary groups (8% or 18% protein). At the end of each observation period parameters were assessed. The main finding was that plasma amino and keto acid concentrations varied significantly with the acid-base balance and the protein intake. Furthermore a considerable degree of catabolism and anorexia was observed. In addition other confounding variables were observed, e.g. increased corticosterone excretion, electrolyte losses, and proteinuria. Our data underline that plasma amino acid concentrations in uremic rats are highly dependent on acid-base balance and overall protein intake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00806782
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of renal anemia by subcutaneous erythropoietin in children with preterminal chronic renal failure (1994)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 8 (1994), S. 346-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00866359
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth hormone treatment in children with preterminal chronic renal failure: no adverse effect on glomerular filtration rate (1993)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 7 (1993), S. 391-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00857547
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Progression to end-stage renal disease in children with posterior urethral valves (1998)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 12 (1998), S. 630-636 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Key words: Posterior urethral valves ; Chronic renal failure ; Obstructive uropathy ; Serum creatinine ; Renal function ; Renal dysplasia/hypoplasia ; Body growth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in boys with congenital posterior urethral valves (PUV) have much improved in past decades, but the impact of these changes on the progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has rarely been investigated. We followed renal function in 20 boys with PUV from diagnosis to ESRD. From the first observation period (1969–1978) to the second period (1979–1992) we found a marked drop in age at diagnosis, at valve resection, at first increase of serum creatinine (SCr), and at onset of ESRD. The progression was analyzed by calculating the slope of 1/SCr and the probability of renal survival. In all patients combined, renal survival at the age of 10 years was 35%. In children undergoing valve resection in the 1st year of life, renal survival was worse than in those undergoing later surgery (15% vs. 65% after 10 years, P=0.006). Patients with a SCr〉1.2 mg/dl before the age of 12 months progressed more rapidly to ESRD than those attaining this level later. The lower the minimum level of SCr observed after initial surgery, the older the patient at the onset of ESRD. The presence of renal dysplasia or hypoplasia, but not of vesicoureteric reflux, was associated with a more rapid progression. Mean body height at ESRD was −2.3±1.3 standard deviation score compared with controls, and was lower if PUV was diagnosed before the age of 6 months.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004670050517
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of low-protein diet on renal function: are there definite conclusions from adult studies? (1991)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 5 (1991), S. 492-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Low-protein diets ; Progression of renal failure ; Multicentre trials ; Compliance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Low-protein diets have been used for roughly a century in order to alleviate uraemic symptoms and to delay progression of chronic renal failure (CRF). Currently a number of different low-protein diets are used, supplying either 0.6 g protein/kg body weight or 0.3–0.4 g supplemented with amino-acids or keto-acids. Single centre trials have attempted to demonstrate the efficacy of these diets in slowing down the progression of CRF. The results from these trials are, however, sometimes inconclusive, showing either a high efficiency of the low-protein diet or no efficiency at all. Conclusive data from multicentre trials, however, are not yet available. A crucial point in analysing the efficacy of low-protein diets is the degree of compliance with the protein restriction. Today, the data available indicate that somtimes only a poor degree of compliance is achieved both in single and in multicentre trials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01453688
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-dose cyclosporin A therapy in cadaver renal transplantation in children (1989)
    Springer
    Transplant international 2 (1989), S. 203-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Pediatric renal transplantation ; Cyclosporin, low-dose, in children ; Growth, cyclosporin, in kidney transplantation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Fifty-one pediatric patients undergoing a first cadaveric kidney transplantation were followed for at least 2 years after grafting. They were divided into two groups: those treated with methylprednisolone plus azathioprine (AZA) and those treated with methylprednisolone plus low-dose cyclosporin A (CyA; median dose 109 mg/m2 per day ≙ 3.4 mg/kg per day after 1 year). The steroid dosage given was significantly lower in the second group. The 4-year graft survival rate was 68% for the AZA group and 78% for the CyA group. Renal function did not differ significantly in the two groups; after 1, 2, and 3 years, the median 24-h creatinine clearance was 79, 69, and 51 ml/min/1.73 m2, respectively, for the AZA group and 78, 63, and 68 ml/min/1.73 m2, respectively, for the CyA group. Linear growth was similar in the two groups. We conclude that in pediatric patients the results of low-dose CyA immunosuppression do not differ significantly from those obtained with AZA in terms of graft survival, renal function, or growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02414535
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cystinosis in the Federal Republic of Germany. Coordination and analysis of the data (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of inherited metabolic disease 8 (1985), S. 2-4 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2665
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In our survey, 101 infants and children with cystinosis were registered in the Federal Republic of Germany. Ninety-five patients showed the infantile type of cystinosis, five the adolescent type and one possibly the adult type. The minimum incidence rate of infantile and adolescent cystinosis in the FRG was 1 patient per 179 000 live-births. In contrast to other countries, cystinotic patients were evenly distributed in the FRG. Patients with cystinosis originated more frequently from rural communities than from large cities. Before 1968 most patients died before reaching terminal renal failure, usually due to uncontrolled disturbances of water and electrolyte metabolism. Since 1976 the causes of death other than uraemia have been rare and most patients with terminal renal failure have entered a renal replacement program.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01805472
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