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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Swan-Ganz-Katheter ; Komplikation ; Nahtfixation ; Pulmonalarterie ; Key words Swan-Ganz catheter ; Complication ; Suture fixation ; Pulmonary artery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract We report a patient undergoing redo cardiac surgery for combined replacement of the aortic and mitral valves. During the course of the operation, a Swan-Ganz catheter – positioned preoperatively – was accidentally fixed to the wall of the pulmonary artery. As this did not interfere with cardiac output measurement or the pulmonary artery pressure wave form, the fixation was not noticed until an attempt was made to remove the catheter. Fluoroscopy revealed both the catheter's immobility and the location of the suture fixation. The patient required a sternotomy to remove the catheter. In order to avoid this complication, the indications for pulmonary artery catheters during cardiac surgery should be carefully considered. If catheters are inserted, their mobility should by all means be ensured before the chest is closed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der vorliegende Fallbericht beschreibt die Nahtfixation eines Swan-Ganz-Katheters in der A. pulmonalis während eines kombinierten Aorten- und Mitralklappenersatzes. Da die Funktionen des Katheters nicht eingeschränkt waren, blieb die Fixation bis zur beabsichtigten Katheterentfernung unbemerkt. Konventionelle Röntgenaufnahmen legten die Diagnose nahe. Die Katheterentfernung erfolgte operativ über eine Resternotomie des Patienten. Zur Vermeidung dieser Komplikation bei kardiochirurgischen Eingriffen sollte, neben einer strengen Indikationsstellung, vor Thoraxverschluß in jedem Fall die freie Beweglichkeit sämtlicher Katheter im Operationsgebiet geprüft werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Septicemia ; Pulmonary gas exchange ; Pulmonary vascular resistance ; Pulmonary veins ; Pulmonary capillary pressure ; ARDS ; E. coli
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In 9 Goettingen minipigs we studied the effect of E. coli bacteremia on effective pulmonary capillary pressure and the longitudinal distribution of pulmonary vascular resistance. Precapillary pressure gradient (dPa) was calculated as the difference between mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPP) and effective pulmonary capillary pressure (Pc) (dPa=MPP-Pc), postcapillary pressure gradient (dPv) as the difference between Pc and left atrial pressure (dPv=Pc-LAP). The disturbance of pulmonary gas exchange was quantified by the AaDO2 quotient 1-PaO2/PAO2. Live E. coli infusion resulted in hypodynamic circulatory failure. Cardiac index fell from 3.7±0.8l·min−1·m−2 to 2.2±0.7l·min−1·m−2 after bacteremia lasting for 3.5 h. Simultaneously venous pulmonary vascular resistance rose from 25% of total pulmonary vascular resistance before to 32% after 3.5 h bacteremia, thus raising Pc from 11 mmHg to 16 mmHg. The degree of respiratory insufficiency was correlated with changes of MPP, dPa and dPv: 1-PaO2/PAO2=0.2+0.035·dPv (r=0.829). Our results show, that the longitudinal distribution of pulmonary vascular resistance changes during septicemia, thus raising Pc. This may be an important factor in the genesis of septic pulmonary failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Intubation ; tracheal: retrograd-geführt ; fiberoptisch ; Technik ; Komplikationen ; Training ; Key words Tracheal intubation ; Retrograde-guided fiberoptic technique ; Complications ; Training
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Retrograde or fiberoptic intubation techniques are recommended for patients in whom intubation is difficult; however, each method has its own limitations. Good results have been reported with a combination of both techniques, i.e. retrograde passage of a guidewire through the cricothyroid membrane to guide a fiberoptic bronchoscope. The practicality, success and complication rates of our retrograde-guided fiberoptic bronchoscopic technique (RGFT) were studied prospectively in 93 patients with obstructing tumors scheduled for laryngectomy. The technique showed itself to be successful, practical and safe, with negligible complications in 89/93 patients (96%). The ability to insert the bronchoscope by means of a guidewire and to direct the intubation procedure optically was found to be advantageous. Limitations were found in two patients with extreme obesity and in two other patients with advanced obstructive carcinomas of the larynx. Additionally, use of the tracheal puncture allows the RGFT to be integrated into clinical medical education as a preparatory exercise for emergency coniotomy.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Retrograde und fiberoptische Intubationstechniken werden für schwierig zu intubierende Patienten empfohlen, weisen aber jeweils methodenspezifische Limitationen auf. Gute Erfolge wurden mit einer Kombination beider Techniken, d.h. der retrograden Passage eines Führungsdrahts durch die Membrana cricothyreoidea und nachfolgenden Führung des Fiberbronchoskops beschrieben. In einer prospektiven Studie an 93 Patienten mit Hyopharynx-Larynx-Karzinom, die für eine Laryngektomie vorgesehen waren, wurden Durchführbarkeit, Erfolgsrate und Komplikationsrate der „retrograd-geführten fiberbronchoskopischen Technik” (RGFT) untersucht. Die Technik erwies sich bei 89/93 Patienten (96%) als relativ einfaches, praktikables und sicheres Verfahren mit vernachlässigbaren Komplikationen, das aufgrund der Führung des Bronchoskops durch den Führungsdraht sowie die optische Kontrolle des Intubationsvorgangs vorteilhaft war. Limitationen fanden sich bei 2 Patienten mit Adipositas permagna sowie bei 2 weiteren Patienten mit obstruierendem Larynxkarzinom. Aufgrund der erforderlichen Trachealpunktion ist die RGFT darüber hinaus als Vorübung zur Notfallkoniotomie unter optimalen Bedingungen in die klinische Routine integrierbar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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