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  • 1
    Title: Modern numerical methods for ordinary differential equations
    Contributer: Hall, G. , Watt, J.M.-(Hg.)
    Publisher: Oxford u.a. :Clarendon Press,
    Year of publication: 1976
    Pages: 336 S.
    Type of Medium: Book
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Chronic Copper Poisoning ; Status Spongiosus ; Oligodendrocytes ; Alzheimer Glia ; Glial Transport Mechanisms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty nine out of 42 sheep were given copper sulphate daily by mouth and the remaining 13 were undosed controls. Nine of the dosed animals were killed before the haemolytic crisis of chronic copper poisoning developed, 11 sheep died during haemolysis and 9 died subsequent to haemolysis. The central nervous system was fixed either by perfusion or immersion. Light microscopical studies showed that astrocytic changes were present in the haemolytic and post haemolytic groups and that in brain tissue fixed by immersion the volume of astrocytic nuclei was significantly greater than that of controls. Vacuolation of white matter was seen as a terminal phenomenon in some but not all the affected sheep. Ultrastructural studies showed that most of the vacuoles associated with nerve fibres were in the outer tongue of oligodendrocyte cytoplasm. The swollen astrocytes contained more glycogen, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum than normal and the last was often expanded into vacuoles. Serum ure levels were high in animals during the haemolytic and post haemolytic phases. One animal that died during haemolysis and two that died after haemolysis had raised plasma ammonia levels. It seems possible that the changes that occur in the brain of animals in chronic chopper poisoning are due to the effects of altered metabolic processes on glial transport mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Keywords: Key words Heavy metals ; Base metals ; Smelter ; Anthropogenic contamination ; Chemical partitioning ; Soil ; Particulate emissions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  Trace element geochemistry of humus (〈0.425 mm) and till (〈0.002 mm) collected in the Flin Flon-Snow Lake area, northern Manitoba and Saskatchewan, provides a regional context for assessing smelter contamination in the environment. The area includes a Cu-Zn smelter known to discharge As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Hg, Pb, and Zn. In this study, sequential extraction analyses, scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction analyses were used on a suite of samples to determine: (1) the chemical and physical characteristics of heavy metals in surficial sediments related to distance from the smelter, (2) criteria for assessing the relative contribution of these metals from natural and anthropogenic sources, and (3) the potential of these metals for remobilization in the environment. Humus geochemistry reflects the anthropogenic and natural component of heavy metal concentrations. Smelter-related elements show anomalously high values adjacent to the smelter, decreasing with distance until background values are reached at 70–104 km, depending on the element. In humus, Zn is associated primarily with labile phases; Hg with non-labile phases. Adjacent to the smelter, high proportions and concentrations of Zn and Hg in non-labile phases, indicative of smelter-derived particulates, are confirmed by SEM examination. The particles occur as spheres, irregular grains, and with organics. With increasing distance from the smelter, the geochemical response to bedrock composition is more obvious than the anthropogenic input. Till geochemistry reflects the natural variation imposed by bedrock composition. At highly contaminated sites (〈3 km from the smelter), increased percentages of smelter-related elements in labile phases suggests heavy metals are leached from humus to the underlying sediment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The Granny Smith gold deposits formed late in the structural history of the Yilgarn Block at a high crustal level in a largely brittle structural régime. Gold mineralisation is located along a N-S striking fault which wraps around the contact of a small granitoid intrusion. In different sections of the fault, mineralisation may be developed in the granitoid, in the adjacent sedimentary sequence and/or along the contact between them. In the granitoid, gold mineralisation is in conjugate networks of thin carbonate-quartz veins and their alteration halos. Small displacements along veins are common. In contrast, veins and faults in the sedimentary rocks are subparallel to bedding. Spatial variations in the conjugate vein orientations indicate that the local stress field was heterogeneous and controlled by the shape of the granitoid contact. The greatest variations in vein and implied stress orientations occur in zones where the contact is most irregular. These are also the areas of richest mineralisation. Fluid flow was thus focused in a regional-scale low mean-stress region created by the geometry of the granitoid intrusion. Its irregular contact caused deposit scale variations in fluid flow and resulted in heterogeneous gold grades along the contact zone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Methane production and methane oxidation potential were measured in a 30 cm peat core from the Moorhouse Nature Reserve, UK. The distribution of known groups of methanogens and methane oxidizing bacteria throughout this peat core was assessed. Using 16S rRNA gene retrieval and functional gene probing with genes encoding key proteins in methane oxidation and methanogenesis, several major groups of microorganisms were detected. Methane production and oxidation was detected in all depths of the peat core. PCR amplification and oligonucleotide probing experiments using DNA isolated from all sections of the peat core detected methanotrophs from the groups Methylosinus and Methylococcus and methanogens from the groups Methanosarcinaceae, Methanococcaceae, and Methanobacteriaceae. 16S rDNA sequences amplified with the Methylosinus-specific primer were shown to have a high degree of identity with 16S rDNA sequences previously detected in acidic environments. However, no methanogen sequences were detected by the probes available in this study in the sections of the peat core (above 7 cm) where the majority of methanogenesis occurred, either because of low methanogen numbers or because of the presence of novel methanogen sequences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 20 (1994), S. 542-549 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Intensive care ; High dependency ; Cost
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective To assess the changes in cost of intensive care in one unit after a 3 year period and to evaluate the relative costs of an integrated high dependency unit. Design Combined retrospective and prospective audit of all expenditure incurred in an intensive care/high dependency unit over two periods: April 1988 – Feburary 1989 and January–July 1991. Setting Combined 13-bedded intensive care/high dependency unit of a central London teaching hospital.Results: The overall cost rose by 50%. Hidden costs such as infrastructure maintenance, capital assets, pathology and radiology services accounted for nearly a quarter of total expenditure. Pharmacy and supplies each accounted for some 10% of total expenditure whereas staff costs exceeded 50%. The cost of the intensive care section rose by 14% to £ 1149 per patient day as increased bed occupancy offset increases in nurse: patient ratios and expenditure on consumables. However, the cost of the high dependency unit section rose by 87% to £ 437.83. This was due to a lower bed occupancy (through increased patient turnover), improved staffing ratios, and increased utilisation of equipment and supplies. Conclusions Intensive care is an increasingly expensive speciality, the costs for which are rising over and above the rate of general inflation. Staff costs are by far the largest single item of expenditure. Large reductions in spending on drugs and consumables are unlikely to provide considerable savings on the total budget. Hidden costs account for a high proportion of the budget and should be taken into account when evaluating cost. The significantly lower cost of high dependency care should encourage studies into its cost-effectiveness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Communications in mathematical physics 83 (1982), S. 303-354 
    ISSN: 1432-0916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We consider a two-parameter family of maps of the plane to itself. Each map has a fixed point in the first quadrant and is a diffeomorphism in a neighborhood of this point. For certain parameter values there is a Hopf bifurcation to an invariant circle, which is smooth for parameter values in a neighborhood of the bifurcation point. However, computer simulations show that the corresponding invariant set fails to be even topologically a circle for parameter values far from the bifurcation point. This paper is an attempt to elucidate some of the mechanisms involved in this loss of smoothness and alteration of topological type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
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    Unknown
    New York : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of social science. 43 (1905:Sept.) 139-151 
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 258-263 (Dec. 1997), p. 671-676 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 86 (1987), S. 1258-1268 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The photodissociation of glyoxal has been investigated by monitoring the CO internal energy distribution using tunable vacuum ultraviolet laser-induced fluorescence on the A←X system. Appearance times for the CO are in excellent agreement with the glyoxal fluorescence decay times, indicating that there is no long-lived intermediate in the dissociation. The quantum yield for CO production is independent of the K quantum number describing the glyoxal rotation. The CO is formed almost entirely in v=0 but is spread over a broadly excited rotational distribution peaking at J(approximately-equal-to)42. Analysis of the CO Doppler profiles shows that the velocity of the CO increases with increasing rotational level and that the CO recoil velocity vector is oriented predominantly perpendicular to its angular momentum vector. These observations, which are in agreement with both previous time-of-flight data and molecular orbital calculations, are consistent with a model for the dissociation involving planar intermediates for the two channels leading to CO+H2CO or to 2 CO+H2. It appears that the highest rotational levels of CO are produced in coincidence with the H2CO channel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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