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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Krypton-81m single photon emission tomography and the collateral circulation in carotid occlusion: the role of the circle of Willis and leptomeningeal anastomosis (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 230 (1983), S. 7-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Carotid artery occlusion ; Collateral circulation ; Krypton-81m ; Emission tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zerebrale Perfusionsbilder wurden bei Patienten mit Halsschlagaderverschluß untersucht. Dazu wurde eine Infusion mit Krypton 81m in die A. carotis comm., A. carotis int. und in die A. vertebralis vorgenommen und dann computergesteuerte Einzelphotonenemissionstomogramme angefertigt. Analysiert wurde, welchen Beitrag der Gefäßkranz an der Hirnbasis und die Anastomosen der Großhirnrinde leisten, um eine angemessene Blutversorgung des betroffenen Gebietes aufrechtzuerhalten. Man kam zu dem Schluß, daß das zerebrale Perfusionsbild in der Abschätzung von Nebenkreisläufen der Angiographie überlegen ist. Im Fall eines Halsschlagaderverschlusses ist der Gefäßkranz an der Hirnbasis von Bedeutung, einen Infarkt im Gebiet der perforierenden Arterien zu verhüten, während die Großhirnrinde vorwiegend über die Anastomosen der weichen Hirnhaut mit Blut versorgt wird, was die Hauptrolle der Anastomosen der weichen Hirnhaut beweist.
    Notes: Summary Cerebral perfusion images were investigated in patients with carotid artery occlusion, using single photon emission computed tomography with the infusion of krypton-81m into the internal, common carotid and vertebral arteries. The contribution of the circle of Willis and cerebral cortical anastomoses to the maintenance of adequate blood supply into the involved hemisphere was analysed. It was concluded that the cerebral perfusion image is superior to angiography in evaluating collateral circulation, and in the case of carotid occlusion, the circle of Willis is important in preventing infarction in the territory of the perforating arteries, while the cerebral cortex mainly receives its blood supply through the cortical leptomeningeal anastomoses, illustrating the major role of the leptomeningeal anastomosis as a collateral channel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00313592
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The rapeseed mitochondrial gene for subunit 2 of the NADH dehydrogenase complex: a trans-spliced structure is conserved in one of the smallest plant mitochondrial genomes (1997)
    Springer
    Current genetics 31 (1997), S. 336-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key words Trans-splicing ; nad2 ; Brassica napus ; RNA processing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The single-copy gene encoding NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (nad2) has been identified in the mitochondrial genome of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). The rapeseed nad2 gene has the same gene organization in Oenothera and wheat: it consists of five exons located in two loci encoding the two first exons and the last three exons respectively. All exons are separated by group-II introns. A trans-splicing event is required to join exons B and C. Putative splicing intermediates were identified by transcriptional analysis of the nad2 gene. The complexity of organization of the nad2 gene is completely conserved even in one of the smallest mitochondrial genomes of higher plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050213
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapeseed mitochondrial ccb206, a gene involved in cytochrome c biogenesis, is co-transcribed with the nad3 and rps12 genes: organization, transcription, and RNA editing of the nad3/rps12/ccb206 locus (1998)
    Springer
    Current genetics 34 (1998), S. 318-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key words Plant mitochondria ; Cytochrome c biogenesis ; RNA editing ; Brassica
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We describe here the structure and expression of the nad3/rps12/ccb206 locus in the mitochondrial genomes of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and related species. In the rapeseed mitochondrial genome there are three tandemly located open reading frames for subunit 3 of NADH dehydrogenase (nad3), the S12 subunit protein of the mitochondrial ribosome (rps12), and a homologue of one subunit of the ABC-heme transporter (ccb206). The gene organization of the nad3/rps12/ccb206 locus found in rapeseed mitochondria is not conserved in Arabidopsis thaliana mitochondria, where the ccb206 and nad3/rps12 loci are separated from each other. We show here that the rapeseed gene-organization pattern is also present in other Brassica species, but not in radish, a species very closely related to Brassica. Northern hybridization and RT-PCR analyses indicate that these three mitochondrial genes are possibly co-transcribed. Ten, seven, and 39 C-to-U RNA editing events occur in the rapeseed nad3, rps12, and ccb206 transcripts, respectively. Finally we show that codon position 21 of nad3 is edited in a highly species-specific manner among related Brassica species, including rapeseed and radish.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050402
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brainstem glioma: An analysis of 85 cases (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 79 (1986), S. 67-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Brainstem glioma ; pontine glioma ; clinical features ; prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The study analyses 85 cases of brainstem glioma in the past 35 years, 69 of which include patients under 16 years of age. The incidence of brainstem glioma was 2.4% of all intracranial tumours, and 9.4% of intracranial tumours in children. There were two peaks in age distribution, in the first and in the fourth decades. In children, the tumours were located mainly in the pons, so VIth and VIIth cranial nerve palsies, and pyramidal and cerebellar signs were frequently seen. In adult cases, the tumours ranged in location from the midbrain to the medulla, so neurological symptoms caused by lesions of the whole brainstem axis were seen. The left side was dominant in both age groups. The choice of treatment was steroid administration and radiation. Chemotherapy was not effective. Even after these treatments, the median survival period from onset was no longer than 10.5 months. We conclude that the treatment of brainstem gliomas in children should be distinguished from adult cases, which in the latter may be considered to be merely one of the gliomas which may occur at any other sites. Since brainstem gliomas in children may be congenital, we must redirect our treatment of these lesions to treatment of congenital tumours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01407447
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An immunohistochemical study of intracranial germ cell tumours (1987)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 86 (1987), S. 33-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Intracranial germ cell tumour ; alpha fetoprotein ; human chorionic gonadotropin ; glial fibrillary acidic protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Histologically verified intracranial tumours, mainly germ cell tumours of the pineal and suprasellar regions, were studied immunohistochemically using anti-serum of alpha fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), human placental lactogen (HPL), pregnancy specific β-1 glycoprotein (SP-1), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), S-100 and neuron specific enolase (NSE). In germinomas, HCG positive cells were occasionally demonstrated in cells presenting as syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells (STGC), and GFAP and S-100 positive cells were found in the surrounding gliotic lesions. Teratomas were positive for CEA in their epithelial components. Endodermal sinus tumours were positive for AFP, choriocarcinomas for HCG and SP-1, and embryonal carcinomas for AFP, HCG and SP-1. HCG and SP-1 positive cells were demonstrated in STGC. As for the relationship between serum AFP level and tissue localization, many cases presenting a serum AFP level exceeding 220 ng/ml were positive for AFP in tumour tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01419502
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single agent therapy of interferon for brain tumours: Correlation between natural killer activity and clinical course (1984)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 73 (1984), S. 13-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Brain tumour ; interferon ; natural killer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The anti-tumour effect of mouse interferon (IFN) on an intracranially transplanted 203-glioma in C 57 BL mice and the natural killer (NK) activity of spleen cells were studied. As a clinical trial, five patients with glioblastomas were treated with human fibroblast IFN and the anti-tumour effect of IFN and the NK activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes were also studied. The NK activity increased after the beginning of IFN therapy but there was no remarkable antitumour effect of IFN in both mouse and human studies. There was no marked correlation between the increased NK activity and the anti-tumour effect of IFN in this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01401780
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of criteria for determination of brain death in Japan (1987)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 87 (1987), S. 93-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Brain death ; criteria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 1974, the Japanese EEG Society's Ad Hoc Committee on Brain Death published criteria for determining brain death only in cases of acute gross primary brain lesions. In 1983, a new brain death study group was organized to re-evaluate these criteria. During a 6-month period from March 1, 1984, 217 neurosurgical and neurological clinics and emergency services throughout Japan reported 718 brain deaths caused not only by primary lesions but also by secondary brain lesions and diagnosed as such on the basis of the 1974 criteria excluding the condition of “abrupt fall of blood pressure followed by persistent hypotension”. The data derived from the 718 cases in this collaborative study were pooled and analyzed, and it became known that the 1974 criteria still are generally reliable. Some changes have been made, however, and new criteria for determination of brain death adopted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01476058
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erratum (1984)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 73 (1984), S. 153-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01401788
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of malignant brain tumours with ACNU and phenobarbital: Continuous infusion of ACNU into internal carotid artery and systemic administration of phenobarbital (1984)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 70 (1984), S. 155-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Malignant brain tumour ; ACNU ; phenobarbital ; intra-carotid infusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thirteen patients with malignant brain tumours were treated by continuous intra-carotid infusion of ACNU in combination with systemic administration of phenobarbital. This aimed to maintain an ACNU concentration around the tumour cells higher for a relatively longer period and to make an ACNU concentration in the systemic circulation lower. Improvements on clinical states and CT findings were observed in 10 patients. The protective effect of phenobarbital against bone marrow suppression by ACNU was also suggested in this study. No complications were experienced in this treatment. This results strongly suggested that this technique is useful to treat patients with malignant brain tumours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01406646
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metastatic brain tumour and fibrinopeptides (1987)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 89 (1987), S. 43-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Metastatic brain tumour ; cancer chemotherapy ; urokinase fibrinopeptide A ; fibrinopeptide B β(1)15–42 ; fibrin formation ; fibrinolysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Tumour growth essentially requires fibrin formation and fibrinopeptide A (FPA) is liberated into the circulation on fibrin formation. In the present study, a possible elevation of serum FPA level was examined in patients with metastatic brain tumour. A significant elevation of serum FPA level was shown in all 6 patients with metastatic brain tumour, when blood was drawn from the internal jugular vein. It was extremely high in 2 patients with rapidly growing tumour. However, such a significant elevation was not shown in 3 cancer patients without brain metastasis or in 1 patient with a huge meningioma. This suggests the possibility that the presence of metastatic brain tumour could be detected by measuring FPA in blood drawn form the internal jugular vein. This also suggests the tendency that elevation of serum FPA is higher in patients with more rapidly growing tumour. Infusion of urokinase into the internal carotid artery resulted in an elevation of serum fibrinopeptide B β (1)15–42 (FPBβ) in 5 patients with metastatic brain tumour, when blood was drawn from the internal jugular vein. This suggests that urokinase could induce fibrinolysis in the tumour tissue, though this remains in conclusive because of the lack of complete controls.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01406666
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